Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The vision of the ideal student campus from an international perspective

Ryczko Wiktoria, Tkaczyk Izabela, Deoniziak Jakub, Konwicki Adam, Tobolski Jakub, Podralski Michał, Barganowski Tymoteusz

GIS Odyssey Journal

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2025

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Vol. 5, no. 1

83--109

EN

This article discusses a study on the concept of the ideal university campus from an international perspective. The study uses the Large Language Model (LLM) to analyze student survey responses and investigate if the concept of the ideal campus is universal. Specifically, the study examines the University of Warmia and Mazury (UWM) in Olsztyn to determine if it reflects elements of this universal campus vision. The effectiveness of the LLM in identifying key themes and patterns in student responses is also assessed. The study analyzes both positive and negative aspects of campuses as identified by Polish and international students and explores whether these elements can be applied in different academic contexts. Additionally, the study examines if the UWM campus can serve as a reference model for other universities while considering the diverse needs and expectations of students worldwide. The article also highlights the evolution of university campuses and emphasizes the importance of on-campus services in enhancing student satisfaction. Furthermore, three-dimensional visualization is discussed as an effective tool for presenting the analyzed results and spatial data, aiding in understanding student expectations for academic spaces.

2

Wykorzystanie bezzałogowych systemów powietrznych z użyciem technologii LiDAR

Wiśniewski Jakub, Kowal Maciej, Górski Krzysztof, Chojnacki Krystian, Odyja Mikołaj

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2025

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Vol. 66, Nr 9

17--20

PL

W publikacji przedstawiono możliwości integracji technologii LiDAR z bezzałogowymi systemami powietrznymi (BSP) oraz korzyści płynące z takiego połączenia w kontekście działań militarnych, ratowniczych, geodezyjnych i środowiskowych. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono właściwościom systemów LiDAR, które za pośrednictwem wysokiej rozdzielczości i dokładności pomiarów umożliwiają tworzenie trójwymiarowych modeli terenu oraz analizy pokrycia terenu. Omówiono również konstrukcję zintegrowanych układów LiDAR-GNSS/IMU montowanych na BSP oraz konkretne przykłady ich zastosowań, takie jak tworzenie numerycznych modeli terenu, monitorowanie lasów czy szybka analiza obszarów dotkniętych katastrofami naturalnymi. Praca wskazuje na potencjał tej technologii w usprawnieniu procesów decyzyjnych oraz zwiększeniu efektywności działań w zróżnicowanych warunkach operacyjnych.

EN

This publication presents the possibilities of integrating LiDAR technology with unmanned aerial systems (BSP) and the benefits of such a combination in the context of military, rescue, surveying and environmental operations. Special attention was paid to the properties of LiDAR systems, which, through high resolution and accuracy of measurements, enable the creation of three-dimensional terrain models and land cover analysis. The design of integrated LiDAR-GNSS/IMU systems mounted on BSPs is also discussed, as well as specific examples of their applications, such as the creation of numerical terrain models, forest monitoring or rapid analysis of areas affected by natural disasters. The work shows the potential of this technology in improving decision-making processes and increasing the efficiency of operations in diverse operational conditions.

3

3D Data Processing for VR Visualization: A Case Study in the "Podgórze" Uranium Mine

Romańczukiewicz Kinga, Kujawa Paulina, Zagożdżon Paweł, Strzałkowski Paweł

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2025

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Vol. 35, no. 1

330--345

EN

VR technologies are playing an increasingly important role in the visualisation of hard-to-reach places, such as underground environments, which is important for the documentation and protection of cultural heritage. The digitisation of such objects allows the creation of a faithful digital twin and its dissemination in the form of immersive experiences. In this study, a comprehensive workflow for the creation of 3D virtual models was developed and illustrated using the part of Podgórze uranium mine as an example. The process included data acquisition, point cloud processing, 3D modeling, optimisation, and integration and integration into a game engine for VR applications. The results show that the obtained models achieved high accuracy, the cloud-to-mesh (C2M) mean errors within ± 14 mm and standard deviations up to 58 mm relative to the input data. Despite the lack of original textures, realistic approximations have been used to enhance authenticity. Interactive elements further enhance the user experience. The results support the preservation of historical sites and its popularisation in educational and tourist applications. The proposed workflow is highly adaptable, making it applicable to other historical and industrial sites.

4

Integration of BIM and GIS Data of a Heritage Building Using FME

Borkowski Andrzej Szymon, To Duc Alex

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2024

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Vol. 34, no. 2

204--215

EN

BIM and GIS technologies are used in both planning and investment and construction processes. GIS is more often used in the former, where one operates on a macro scale and information about the environment is essential for decision-making. BIM, on the other hand, is increasingly implemented in investment and construction processes (micro scale). The BIM model as a resource of knowledge and information about the construction object is the basis for decision-making, while data from GIS systems are necessary to obtain reliable information about the environment and the prevailing spatial, social or economic conditions. The basic information from GIS systems are attributes related to geographic location (coordinate system, angle to true north, elevation ordinate). Unfortunately, both technologies use different programming paradigms. GIS is mainly a relational database based on multidimensional tables, while BIM uses so-called encapsulation, polyform, hierarchy or instantiation, which enrich semantically stored data. There are many benefits to integrating geospatial data with building object information. The problem of compatibility and interoperability of the two technologies is the subject of many considerations of basic science and the problem of practitioners during application work. Georeferencing of BIM models is conferred in several ways, however, most of them require relatively expensive commercial tools or extensive digital skills or even programming. Rarely, however, are tools such as FME used for data conversion, management and visualization. Thus, the purpose of the present work was to attempt to properly georeference a BIM model of a historic building, located at Constitution Square in Warsaw, in a GIS environment, and then convert the data to shapefile output format using FME software. The results of the experimental work indicate that the BIM data can be embedded quite accurately in the space of a given coordinate system and displayed against various contextual data, but the 3D geometry itself loses its detail and quality. The paper discusses the limitations of the procedure and future research directions.

5

Observation of Changes Deriving on the Surface of Polymer Materials Imitating Biological Structures - Presentation of the Method

Kmiecik Barbara, Niemczyk Katarzyna, Adamczyk Agnieszka, Błachut Aleksander, Detyna Jerzy

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

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2024

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Vol. 20, no. 1

70--80

EN

Objective: This study aimed to develop a measurement system to investigate the mechanical behavior of materials under applied force. The system was designed to evaluate the relationship between displacement and applied force and to analyze material deformation. Methods: The measurement system comprised two high-resolution cameras, a robotic arm, and programmed sensors, all mounted on a custom-designed support structure. The components were selected based on a thorough review of the literature and the specific requirements for material testing. During the experiments, the system induced controlled deflection in the central region of the specimen. Surface deformation was tracked using custom-developed software, which reconstructed a 3-D model of the material based on specific tracking points. The displacement data were then used to generate a force-displacement curve. Hysteresis fields were computed to further analyze the material’s mechanical response. Results: The system successfully reconstructed accurate 3-D surface models of the specimens during mechanical deformation. Force-displacement curves generated from the measurements provided detailed insights into the mechanical properties of the materials. The analysis of the hysteresis fields revealed deviations from expected behavior, offering information on the material’s response to applied force. Conclusions: The measurement system proved to be an effective tool for characterizing material behavior under applied force. Its ability to integrate precise hardware with custom software allowed for accurate 3-D modeling and reliable force-displacement analysis. The results demonstrated the system’s applicability in material research and quality control. Future work may focus on extending its capabilities to a broader range of materials and testing conditions.

6

Matlab Class for Rapid Visualization of Missile-Target Engagement Scenarios

Bużantowicz Witold

Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa

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2023

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Vol. 14, Nr 4 (54)

23--36

EN

In this paper, the authorial Matlab Battlespace Visualization Class (MBVC) is proposed to plan, design, and compose the preliminary version of the desired computer animation, which can then be used both as a background for the discussion of the final composition and as an individual project for public presentation, providing a visual reference for missile-target engagement simulations. As a design tool, the MBVC allows us the combination of the advanced mathematical models of missile guidance loop elements (implemented in the discrete form as program scripts) with the capabilities offered by open, powerful, and flexible 3D graphical engine. As a visualization tool, the MBVC allows the designers to present their research findings in both an illustrative and informative way, providing a visual reference for the computer simulation. The class is freely available for scientific, engineering or educational use

PL

W artykule przedstawiono autorską klasę Matlab Battlespace Visualization Class (MBVC). Klasa przeznaczona jest do wspomagania projektowania przestrzennych scen wizualizacji i animacji komputerowej, które w dalszej kolejności mogą znaleźć zastosowanie zarówno jako tło do dyskusji nad finalną kompozycją, jak i indywidualny projekt do publicznej prezentacji, zapewniając wizualne odniesienie do wyników symulacji scenariuszy walk powietrznych. MBVC jako narzędzie projektowe umożliwia łączenie zaawansowanych modeli matematycznych elementów obwodu naprowadzania rakiet (zaimplementowanych w postaci dyskretnej w formie skryptów programowych) z możliwościami oferowanymi przez otwarty, wydajny i elastyczny silnik graficzny 3D. Jako narzędzie do wizualizacji MBVC dostarcza projektantom narzędzia niezbędne do przedstawienia wyników badań zarówno w ilustracyjny, jak i informacyjny sposób. Klasa jest bezpłatnie udostępniona do zastosowań naukowych, inżynierskich i edukacyjnych.

7

3D visualisation of a section of the imperial-royal postal road in the landscape of the Dudváh Wetland in Western Slovakia

Bonde-Gogova Stanislava, Chrastina Peter, Besina Daniel

Wiadomości Konserwatorskie

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2022

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Nr 72

80--88

EN

This paper presents the application of 3D (or 2.5D) visualization methods in relation to the verification and interpretation of the spatial (technical and landscape) contexts of the no-longer-existing road between Trakovice and Leopoldov (Leopoldov toll) in the Hlohovec district of Western Slovakia. The critical condition of a particular section of the imperial-royal postal road was focused on in S. Mikovíni’s design dated back to the first half of the eighteenth century. The written and cartographic documents of the project documentation, supported by data gathered during the field research, enabled creating a model of the historical cultural landscape of the Dudváh Wetland with the road in question. For the purpose of thematic visualization, software using GIS environment as well as 3D modeling programs were used, enabling the representation of the observed phenomena. In addition to basic research, the achieved results can be utilized in the planning and decision-making processes of public administration, as well as education or tourism.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia zastosowanie metod wizualizacji 3D (2.5D) w weryfikacji i interpretacji przestrzennych (technicznych i krajobrazowych) kontekstów nieistniejącej drogi między Trakovicami i Leopoldovem (posterunek mytniczy Leopoldov) w powiecie Hlohovec w zachodniej Słowacji. Krytyczny stan konkretnego odcinka cesarsko-królewskiej drogi pocztowej był przedmiotem projektu S. Mikovínia, datowanego na pierwszą połowę XVIII wieku. Dokumenty pisane i kartograficzne stanowiące dokumentację projektu, wsparte danymi pozyskanymi w trakcie badań terenowych, pozwoliły stworzyć model krajobrazu historycznego i kulturowego mokradeł rzeki Dudváh wraz z przedmiotową drogą. Na potrzeby wizualizacji tematycznych zastosowano oprogramowanie wykorzystujące środowisko GIS oraz programy do modelowania 3D, pozwalające na prezentację zaobserwowanych zjawisk. Oprócz badań podstawowych wyniki mogą być wykorzystane przez administrację publiczną w procesach planistycznych i decyzyjnych, a także w edukacji i turystyce.

8

Modyfikacja i integracja danych przestrzennych pozyskanych z różnych źródeł w celu wykonywania analiz przestrzennych oraz opracowywania modeli 3D budynków

Doskocz Adam, Lewandowicz Elżbieta

Builder

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2022

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R.26, nr 5

30--35

PL

Od 2019 roku Główny Urząd Geodezji i Kartografii (GUGiK) nieodpłatnie udostępnia online zbiory uzyskane z lotniczego skaningu laserowego i ich produkty pochodne. Dane te umożliwiły przekształcenie (transformację) istniejącego zasobu map geodezyjnych (zbioru danych zgromadzonych w przestrzeni 2D) do obiektów przestrzennych oraz ich wizualizacji 3D. Celem niniejszej pracy było przedstawienie wykonanej transformacji danych i ocena jakości zrealizowanego procesu. Dodatkowo sprawdzono, czy zgromadzone dane mogą być bezpośrednio wykorzystane do budowy bazy danych trójwymiarowych (3D) - stanowiącej produkt atrakcyjny dla specjalistów z dziedziny inżynierii lądowej. Jest to istotne ustalenie, wiedząc, że służba geodezyjna wykonuje pomiary w nawiązaniu do osnowy poziomej i wysokościowej, czyli współcześnie wyznaczane są trzy współrzędne mierzonych obiektów W pracy wykorzystano zbiory udostępnione przez GUGiK, a także zbiory wektorowe zgromadzone na Wydziale Geoinżynierii UWM w Olsztynie. Ze zbiorów pozyskanych metodą pomiarów bezpośrednich w ramach studenckich praktyk pomiarowych opracowano bazy danych z obiektami zapisanymi za pomocą dwóch i trzech współrzędnych. Uzyskane w niniejszej pracy rezultaty wskazują, że można przekształcić istniejący zasób danych pomiarowych oraz map geodezyjnych do nowej formy prezentacji - prezentacji przestrzennej (3D) - bardziej czytelnej dla profesjonalistów wykorzystujących technologię BIM (ang. Building Information Modelling), jak również przyjaźniejszej obywatelom zainteresowanym użytkowaniem tych danych.

EN

Since 2019 in Poland, the Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography (abbrev. in Polish, GUGiK) has made available on-line free of charge collections obtained from airborne laser scanning and their derivatives. These data enabled the conversation (transformation) of the existing resource of geodetic maps (a set of data collected in 2D space) into spatial objects and their 3D visualization. The purpose of this paper is to present the data transformation performed and to assess the quality of the implemented process. In addition, it was checked whether the collected data can be directly used to build a three-dimensional (3D) database - constituting a product attractive to specialists in the field of civil engineering. This is an important finding, knowing that the geodetic service performs measurements in relation to the horizontal and altitude network, i.e. nowadays, three coordinates of the measured objects are determined. The work uses the sets provided by GUGiK, as well as vector sets collected at the Faculty of Geoengineering at UWM in Olsztyn. The sets were obtained from direct measurements carried out as part of measurement's student practices, from which databases with recorded objects using two and three coordinates were developed. The results obtained in this study indicate that it is possible to transform the existing resource of measurement data and geodetic maps into a new form of presentation - spatial (3D) presentation - more readable for professionals using BIM technology (Building Information Modelling), as well as more friendly to citizens interested in using these data.

9

The Concept of Three-Dimensional Visualisation of Urbanised Areas for a 3D Real Property Register in Poland

Leń Przemysław, Maciąg Klaudia, Maciąg Michał, Mika Monika, Wójcik-Leń Justyna

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 16, no. 4

298--308

EN

Virtual three-dimensional visualisations are a relatively new chapter in the history of terrain modelling in Poland. The visualisations prepared in Poland are considerably varied due to the adopted method of data processing and presentation. One of the main factors determining the course of works and their final result is the choice of the optimum data source for the task per-formed. The increasingly popular photogrammetric methods, including laser scanning, make it possible to create fully functional and visually attractive models. However, with their application, a complete visualisation of an extensive area (e.g. a mid-sized city) would entail significant expense and require a huge workload due to the unavailability of ready input data. This publication describes an alternative, economical and fast method for preparing simplified three-dimensional visualisations of a territory with an almost unlimited surface area, developed for a selected part of Poland. Based on their visualisations, the authors propose using data from local databases linked to nationwide digital geodetic resources for the needs of a 3D real property register. This work contains a detailed description of methods used in creating visualisations and an evaluation of the quality of the project deliverable including a list of observations regarding different categories of the presented objects. In addition, the summary of this article suggests potential solutions to improve the process of visualisation by using different types of data modification.

10

Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning for the Inventory of Historical Buildings on the Example of Measuring the Elevations of the Buildings in the Old Market Square in Jarosław

Gardzińska Anna

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2021

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Vol. 31, no. 2

293--309

EN

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology is increasingly used in surveying, construction and architecture. The potential of the data obtained by this method creates the possibility of its versatile application also in conservation and revitalization of monuments, archaeology or history. The use of this technology during the creation of architectural documentation of a historic building greatly facilitates the acquisition of comprehensive information about its actual condition in a fast, non-invasive and very precise manner. Thanks to digital technology, it also creates the possibility to accurately interpret the condition of an object and present its model in a virtual space. This technology provides the ability to transfer acquired image elements with high accuracy of their mapping to plans and designs prepared by architects and contractors. It is also possible to maintain high technical standards in the processes aimed at the preparation of the required graphical studies, thanks to the use of the point cloud obtained in TLS. One of the most important advantages of using this measurement method is the possibility of combining it with data from e. g. from photogrammetric tools, which gives the possibility to fill in the missing elements creating a more complete picture of the needed data. This paper presents the implementation of terrestrial laser scanning technology as a non-invasive method for the modelling of walls and buildings of the so-called "green field". Revers BIM on the example of the measurement of the facades of the buildings of the old market in Jarosław. This technology allows for preparation of precise architectural documentation including: projections, sections, elevation views, 3D models or multimedia visualizations. The use of TLS for cultural heritage research also enables the preparation of fully complete documentation for conservation and restoration works aimed at maintaining the current state of monuments or even at reconstructing their damaged architectural elements.

11

Using a game engine to visualize the Main Building of the Warsaw University of Technology in a mobile application

Marciniak Jacek B., Janicki Hubert

Polish Cartographical Review

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2020

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Vol. 52, No. 2

61--73

EN

The aim of the study presented in this article is to identify and analyse the problems which arise when creating a 3D model based on two-dimensional data and its import into a game engine and then developing algorithms to automate this process. The authors decided that they would use the Unity game engine to create an application presenting the results of modelling the interior of the Main Building of the Warsaw University of Technology. The work was divided into stages in which problems related to the adopted method were identified and the automation of selected activities was suggested. The main tasks performed during the study included processing the source data into a 3D model along with the correction of errors made during this process, detailing the model by adding characteristic elements of the building’s interior, and creating the so-called game scene in the Unity game engine along with the implementation of the application’s behaviour. The developed software can be integrated with indoor navigation systems, and the implemented scripts can be used during the preparation of other models.

12

Use of the Dynamic Simulation to Reduce Handling Complexity in the Manufacturing Process

Schindlerová Vladimíra, Šajdlerová Ivana

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 14, no. 1

81--88

EN

Many companies have started using dynamic simulation as full support for their own optimization team to optimize business processes. The 3D visualization can facilitate understanding of the links among processes and their connections. It can significantly contribute to its appropriate implementation, which aims at saving costs, simplifying processes, introducing new or innovated processes, etc. Application field is not significant for the 3D visualization. Predictive simulation can be applied in any process, from storage, logistics, handling, through production line optimization to distribution. The submitted paper deals with the optimization of the production process regarding the reduction of handling demands for the company in the automotive industry. Businesses are currently facing an issue of handling complexity, which has a relatively high cost, depending on the amount of unnecessary and chaotic trips within production processes. It is necessary to modify the charging method in any change of production. This is connected with an increase of non-productive rides. The article introduces the possibility of a variant solution with the possibility to use dynamic simulation as a powerful tool for the process optimization.

13

Improvement of the assembly workstation with the use of visual management methods

Papierok Karolina, Kampa Adrian

Selected Engineering Problems

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2019

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nr 8

53--58

EN

The performance of human operators and manually operated processes can be improved with the use of visual management methods. An example of improvement of assembly station is presented. Detailed analysis of the work process has identified some places, in which time losses and reduced efficiency occur. Therefore, a new project of the workstation has been developed. According to lean manufacturing principles, the visual management methods, including 5S, have been used. The detailed design of human workspace was prepared with the CAD software NX 10. The use of digital human models allows 3D visualization and can be used to improve the ergonomics of human workspace. Although, the improved assembly workstation will have much greater productivity, also training for employment is required.

14

Detection of inhomogeneity by the observation of the surface of the material simulating biological tissues

Kmiecik Barbara, Detyna Jerzy

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

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2019

|

Vol. 15, no. 1

art. no. 20180043

EN

This paper presents a research which involves the observation of the movement of points presented on a material surface under the influence of mechanical extortion. Tests were performed using two 15 mm silicone layers, one of which contained 1 mm thick elements of nitrile-butadiene rubber. Analysed materials were structurally heterogeneous tissue phantoms. Test results that were obtained indicated that the developed method allows detecting inhomogeneity and its approximate location, what may be used in pathological state prevention.

15

Wykorzystanie wirtualnej rzeczywistości jako nowoczesnego narzędzia wsparcia w kształceniu inżynierów

Korniejenko K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej

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2018

|

Nr 58

37--40

PL

W ostatnich latach wirtualna i rozszerzona rzeczywistość znajduje coraz szersze zastosowanie w różnych dziedzinach ludzkiej działalności, w tym w edukacji. Celem artykułu jest analiza możliwości wykorzystania innowacyjnych narzędzi, opartych na rzeczywistości wirtualnej i rozszerzonej, w procesie kształcenia w szkołach wyższych na kierunkach technicznych. Artykuł przedstawia obecne zastosowania rzeczywistości wirtualnej i rozszerzonej w edukacji inżynierów różnych specjalności w oparciu o studia przypadków. W artykule przedstawiono korzyści i potencjalne zagrożenia związane z korzystaniem z tego rodzaju wsparcia dydaktycznego. Główne zastosowane metody badawcze to krytyczna analiza literatury przedmiotu poparta studiami przypadku, w tym opis studium przypadku zastosowania rzeczywistości rozszerzonej w kształceniu w zakresie budownictwa analizowanego w ramach wizyty studyjnej na uniwersytecie Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.

EN

The main motivation for research work is development of new based on virtual and augmented reality. This tools become more and more popular in different area of human activities, including education. Some of them is also applicable for engineering curricula. The aim of the article is to analyse the possibility of using innovative tools such as virtual and augmented reality for support in higher education. It presents different way of application virtual and augmented reality in higher education based on case studies form engineering, exemplary possibilities of education further material engineers, civil engineers, mechanical engineers and other specialists. The article presents benefits and potential threats for using this kind of tools. The research methods used in this article are a critical analysis of literary sources supported by case studies from literature and case study from collaborating university - Department of Engineering, Civil Engineering Division, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. The university developed the system based on augmented reality that is using for visualisation cultural heritage objects. The system is used for education as well as research purposes.

16

3D representation of geological observations in underground mine workings of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin

Marcisz M., Probierz K., Ostrowska-Łach M.

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2018

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Vol. 17, iss. 1

34--39

EN

The purpose of the paper is to present the possibilities of the three-dimensional representation of geological strata in underground (access) workings in a hard coal deposit in the SW part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, using CAD software and its flagship program AutoCAD. The 3D visualization of the results of underground workings’ mapping is presented and illustrated on two opening out workings (descending galleries). The criteria for choosing these workings were based on their length and the complexity of geological settings observed while they were driven. The described method may be applied in spatial visualization of geological structures observed in other deposits, mines and existing workings (it is not applicable for designing mine workings), also beyond the area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB). The method presented describes the problem of the visualization of underground mine workings in a typical geological aspect, considering (aimed at) detailed visualization of geological settings revealed on the side walls of workings cutting the deposit.

17

The map as a part of mixed reality the implementation of construction projects in BIM technology

Wyczałek I.

Archiwum Instytutu Inżynierii Lądowej

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2018

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Nr 27

157--169

EN

From technological point of view BIM includes a set of procedures for spatial modeling of designed building structures to support modern design, construction and operation techniques from the early stage of life of a new object. The basis for BIM design is shaping the three-dimensional body of the object, including its technical equipment, supported by its spatial visualization. Thanks to it, the design process of the structure is complemented by currently created views that can be used in the decision-making process and conflict situations. Observation of the project in the background of its surroundings allows also assessing the feasibility of its implementation in relation to objects related to the place of its final location. The method of such observation is currently referred to as a virtual or augmented reality (VR or AR) and is based on 3D visualization techniques. In order to meet the requirements of spatial visualization, the way the map for design purposes is made must ensure its three-dimensional location in the field. Thanks to this, also invisible terrain content will be visible in the VR/AR mode, which should be conducive to the detection of spatial collisions and the optimal location of new networks and devices in the increasingly complex underground reality. It will also be possible to detect map errors as well as the newly designed object as soon as possible. This needs not only to see not only the map or design in real environment, but all mentioned components have to reference to each other. Such approach is sometimes called Extended or Mixed Reality (XR or MR). The subject of this publication is the introduction to the issue of this aspect of XR/MR applications and the indication of directions of 3D mapping development in accordance with the requirements for the form and content of the map for design purposes.

18

Modelowanie proceduralne 3D miast

Struś A.

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji

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2018

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vol. 30

107--122

PL

W dzisiejszych czasach, informacje przestrzenne pełnią zasadniczą rolę w wielu procesach związanych m.in. z planowaniem przestrzennym. Coraz więcej skomplikowanych, złożonych decyzji musi być podejmowanych skuteczniew bardzo krótkim czasie. Przez ostatnie lata, a już na pewno od roku 2007, kiedy w życie weszła dyrektywaInfrastruktura Informacji Przestrzennej we Wspólnocie Europejskiej 2007/2/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego Unii Europejskiej, modelowanie 3D stało się prężnie rozwijającą się gałęzią Systemu Informacji Geograficznej wspierającą podejmowanie istotnych decyzji. Pod pojęciem modelowania 3D kryje się wiele technik pracy, np. automatycznego generowania modeli 3D na podstawie zestawu reguł geometrycznych z użyciem danych przestrzennych o przyjętym poziomie szczegółowości LOD. CityEngine firmy ESRI jest jednym z programów umożliwiających takie prace dzięki implementacji gramatyki generującej komputerowo obiekty architektoniczne (ang. CGA ComputerGenerated Architecture) ekstrahującej z danych 2D obiekty trójwymiarowe. W pracy, narzędzia do modelowania proceduralnego zostały wykorzystane na danych przestrzennych pozyskanych dla polskiej dzielnicy w mieście Detroit, w Stanach Zjednoczonych, w stanie Michigan. Głównym celem nie było wierne odzwierciedlenie rzeczywistego wyglądu osiedli, co rozpoznanie procesu i możliwości jakie daje CGA grammar, otrzymanie modeli na poziomie LOD2 (bryła budynku z zaznaczonym kształtem dachu) i wykorzystanie ich do analizy widoczności w przykładowej sytuacji.

EN

Nowadays, spatial information plays a fundamental role in many processes related to with spatial planning. More and more complicated, complex decisions must be taken effectively in a very short time. In recent years, and certainly since 2007, when the Directive Spatial Information Infrastructure in the European Community 2007/2 / EC of the European Parliament of the European Union entered into force, 3D modelling has become a rapidly growing branch of the Geographic Information System supporting the making of important decisions. 3D modelling conceals many working techniques, eg. automatic generation of 3D models based on a set of geometric rules using spatial data with the adopted level of LOD detail. ESRI CityEngine is one of the programs enabling such work thanks to the implementation of the computer-generated engineering grammar (CGA) that extracts three-dimensional objects from 2D data. In this work, procedural modelling tools were used on spatial data acquired for the Polish district in the city of Detroit, in the United States, in Michigan. The main goal was not to accurately reflect the real appearance of the settlements, what to recognize the process and opportunities offered by CGA grammar, obtain models at the LOD2 level (building block with the shape of the roof) and use them to analyse the visibility in the sample situation.

19

The 3D visualisation in archaeology with using Blender Game Engine : based on the Komarowa cave excavation site

Witek A. E., Kuszmar M.

Problemy Nauk Stosowanych

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2017

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T. 6

53--64

EN

Introduction and aim: Using the Blender Game Engine helps with the visualisation of the archeological documentation by creating an executive file. Material and methods: The model is being made in Blender with the textures made in GIMP. This paper shows the way to prepare the final model in Blender Game Engine. The method shown in the paper is considered to be an innovative one in the archeological documentation. Results: Every layer can be exposed, turned on and off. Thanks to that, there is a chance to show the relative positions of meters even if it was not being available to observe this correlation during excavations. Conclusion: The 3D model makes it easy to understand how the excavation works with help of turning the layers on and off, one can expose the data as it was done during the excavations.

PL

Wstęp i cel: Korzystanie z Blender Game Engine pomaga w wizualizacji dokumentacji archeologicznej, tworząc plik wykonawczy. Materiał i metody: Model jest wykonany w Blenderze z tekstur wykonanych w GIMP-ie. Dokument ten przedstawia sposób przygotowania ostatecznego modelu w Blender Game Engine. Metoda przedstawiona w dokumencie jest uważana za innowacyjną w archeologicznej dokumentacji. Wyniki: Każda warstwa może być uaktywniana przez jej włączanie i wyłączanie. Dzięki prezentacji trójwymiarowej i jej oprogramowaniu istnieje szansa pokazania wzajemnego położenia metrów, warstw, nawet jeśli w rzeczywistości, w trakcie ich odsłaniania, taka korelacja nie zaszła. Wniosek: Model 3D sprawia, że łatwo zrozumieć, w jaki sposób prace wykopaliskowe przy pomocy toczenia warstw i wyłączania można wystawiać dane, jak to miało miejsce podczas wykopalisk.

20

Assessment of the influence of atmospheric intensity on the wooden façade of the building by visualization method

Pluta M., Thiis T. K.

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2017

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no. 2

115--121

EN

3D visualization is one of the forms of presentation of spatial phenomena, which, thanks to the development of new technologies of acquiring, modeling and providing spatial information, is one of the most popular methods of presenting real objects in the virtual world. Practice shows that 3D visualization is increasingly being used by different entities to present research results in 3D form, thereby ensuring better readability of the papers. The paper describes the methodology of 3D visualization of the influence of atmospheric conditions on wooden facades of a school building. Methods of obtaining data for the purpose of creating a 3D model of a research object, processing vector and raster data, and rendering the final animation were described. The results of the study show that the use of 3D visualization as a form of presenting research results enables accurate estimation of the intensity of atmospheric conditions on the vertical elevation, taking into account the exact geometry of the research object.