Purpose: The aim of this article is to examine the state of young workers, focusing on three aspects: internet usage, attitude to work and physical well-being. Design/methodology/approach: Young adults now entering the workforce are members of Generation Z. They are characterised by a high level of competence in searching and processing information on the internet, thanks to their exposure to digital technologies from an early age. The research material consists of data collected among students studying business-related programmes (N = 151) from three countries: Poland, Slovakia, France. Findings: The results of the study (N = 151) revealed intrinsic differences within the group of young people, which can be associated with the time spent online and the frequency of physical activity. These factors were subsequently reflected in the BMI, an indicator of physical wellbeing. Our findings indicate that viewing young workers in only one dimension - as ‘digital individuals’ - is insufficient. There is no doubt that what they have in common is the use of new technologies. As these are universal and global in nature, the country of residence is irrelevant when analysing Generation Z. Originality/value: Analysis of economics students as young employees in terms of health, professional and time management. The paper is for labor market analysts, public health analysts and academic teachers.
Purpose: According to official police statistics, in 2024, over 50000 women in Poland experienced domestic violence. Research shows that experiencing domestic violence increases the risk of mental health problems and can also impede social functioning, including professional functioning. In turn, professional consequences, such as increased absenteeism, fatigue, and the risk of making mistakes, can limit employee productivity and organizational performance. This influence may also apply to job commitment and job satisfaction, therefore the purpose of this article was to present the results of a study of the level of job commitment and the level of job satisfaction in a group of women affected by domestic violence. An additional aim was to analyze possible determinants (age, length of service, education) of the variables studied Design/methodology/approach: The study included 82 women who reported experiencing domestic violence. All of the women were employed at the time of the study. The study was cross-sectional in nature. The study used the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ-SF) and a self-designed survey. Findings: The results revealed an overall low level of job commitment and an average level of job satisfaction in the women surveyed. Among the dimensions of commitment, the lowest level was obtained by the respondents in terms of vigor. On the other hand, among the studied determinants (age, length of service, education), none of the factors proved statistically significant for commitment and job satisfaction. Practical implications: The presented results of the study emphasize the importance of intervention activities in the work environment directed at the professional group of women who have experienced domestic violence. It is necessary to raise awareness of: the functioning of this group of women in the work environment, the proper organization of their working conditions and the possibilities of support. Managers should use this awareness to stimulate women's job commitment, especially in terms of vigor and dedication to work, as well as to positively influence their job satisfaction. Managers can use initiatives such as: providing access to training and professional workshops, ensuring flexible working hours, facilitating access to psychological support or psychoeducation regarding the problem. Originality/value: The study fills a research gap that concerns analyzing the level of job commitment and job satisfaction exactly in the group of Polish working women who have experienced domestic violence.
Purpose: Bioeconomy is one of the largest and most important sectors of the European Union economy. It employed over 17 million people in 2021 and generated an added value of approximately EUR 728 billion. This study assessed the utilisation of the labour factor in bioeconomy sectors in Poland compared with other European Union countries. Design/methodology/approach: An analysis was conducted on employment levels and labour productivity from 2010 to 2021. The study also attempted to classify EU countries based on relative measures of average labour productivity in the bioeconomy and the dynamics of changes observed. Findings: In Poland, the bioeconomy recorded a labour productivity of EUR 12,552 per employee, which represented only 38% of the EU average. Poland ranked 25th in the bioeconomy labour productivity. Throughout the analysed period, labour productivity in Poland rose by 78%. Changes in the sectoral employment structure were noted, with a shift of employees from low-productivity sectors to those with higher productivity. Like most countries that joined the EU after 2004, Poland is one of the countries that are “catching up” due to low labour productivity, which is growing at an above-average rate. Investing in technology and innovations that enhance labour efficiency is essential for competing with countries that have high labour productivity. Research limitations/implications: The key methodological limitations identified in the analysis concern data availability, both temporal and cross-sectional. Originality/value: In this article, the authors attempt to classify EU Member States according to relative measures of average labour productivity in the bioeconomy and the dynamics of its changes in the years 2010-2021 in order to indicate the existence of beta convergence.
Rzemieślniczka i rzemieślnik – niezależnie od tego, czy realizują dzieło indywidualnie od projektu po sprzedaż i skupiają w sobie cechy twórcy i wytwórcy, czy stanowią część kolektywu i dzięki specjalizacji wykonują fragment złożonego procesu – uprawiają rzemiosło. Artykuł powstał na bazie własnych obserwacji i uczestnictwa w procesie produkcyjnym w Zakładach Porcelany „Bogucice” w Katowicach w latach 1981–1992 i Porcelany Śląskiej od 1995 do 2008 roku oraz w Modelarni Ceramicznej KOSAK nieprzerwanie od 1995 roku, a także na podstawie wywiadów przeprowadzonych z osobami zatrudnionymi w ZP „Bogucice” w latach 1958–1992 na potrzeby wystawy „Janina, Henryk, Anna. Ludzie i porcelana. Zakłady Porcelany »Bogucice« w Katowicach” w Muzeum Śląskim w Katowicach w 2024 roku.
EN
What craftspeople are involved with is always craft – no matter if a person makes an object individually and independently, from design to sales, combining the processes of creation and production, or if they are a part of complex collective labour as a specialised worker. The article is based on the author’s observations and participation in the production processes at porcelain factories in Katowice (Bogucice, 1981–1992, and Porcelana Śląska, 1995–2008) and at his own workshop, Modelarnia Ceramiczna KOSAK (since 1995), as well as on the interviews with former employees of the Bogucice factory (from 1958–1992), carried out for the exhibition Janina, Henryk, Anna. People and Porcelain. The Bogucice Porcelain Factory in Katowice, which was organised at the Silesian Museum in Katowice in 2024.
W dzisiejszych czasach nasz tryb życia jest o wiele bardziej stresujący i wymagający, niż zdarzało się to kiedyś. Bardzo często żyjemy w pędzie, a jedno wyzwanie, problem, pilna sprawa do załatwienia, zdaje się gonić kolejne i tak bez końca. Bierzemy na siebie zbyt dużo obowiązków albo czujemy, że bardzo wiele od nas zależy.
Obciążenie organizmu pracą w warunkach wysokich temperatur, utrzymujących się w miesiącach letnich, znacznie wzrasta. Z jednej strony wpływa na obniżenie wydajności, z drugiej przyczynia się do wypadków przy pracy. Przepisy BHP mówią jedynie o maksymalnej temperaturze, powyżej której pracy nie powinni wykonywać młodociani i kobiety w ciąży. Określają jej poziom maksymalny na 30°C w pracy biurowej. Pracodawcy jednak nie są zwolnieni z obowiązku zapewnienia odpowiednich warunków. Jeżeli nie są one spełnione, pracownik ma prawo odmówienia wykonywania swoich obowiązków.
Sulpfur has accompanied us since the dawn of time. Wincenty Kadłubek mentions it for the first time, presenting the legend of the destruction of the Wawel Dragon. According to Dr. A. Wójcik, sulphur could have been one of the reasons for moving the capital from Kraków to Warsaw. The exploitation of this mineral lasted about 500 years. During this time, approximately 700,000 tons of sulphur ore were mined in an area of approximately 5 km, drilling approximately 1,000 shafts and leaving 600 heaps. Following J. Esprinohard, Jan Pazdur quotes a message from 1597 that “when the plague prevails in Kraków, which happens often, most of the citizens leave the city and live for some time near the sulphur mine in Swoszowice and no one is affected by the disease at that time”. Sulphur mining is a niche business, currently as much as 99 percent of this raw material is obtained worldwide in large-scale desulfurization processes of gas, oil and exhaust gases. This was not the case before; sulphur mining in Swoszowice was an important branch of the economy of the Kingdom of Poland and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Sulphur mining in Swoszowice was finally discontinued over 70 years ago, but it is worth knowing the history of mining in this oldest and longest operating mine in Poland.
The study aims to improve employees’ understanding regards the modifying impact of job desertification on the relationship between cognitive biases and organizational anomie. Furthermore, the study also aims to examine a the direct relationship between each of the cognitive biases and the organizational anomie among the 305 employees working at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, Karbala region, Iraq. Outcomes confirmed the hypothesis that organizational anomie is favourably impacted by every of the cognitive biases pursued by the leader and dealt with, as a daily behavior, at work. The results also proved that the dimensions of cognitive biases have a positive impact on the organizational anomie. In addition to this, the nature of the connection between cognitive biases and organizational anomalies is affected by job desertification. Thus, the current study outcomes contribute towards the importance of understanding the job desertification behaviours exhibited by the employees in an organization. In general, Job desertification heavily deteriorates organizational performance, increases the mistrust between the leader and their subordinates and increases the moral deterioration of the employees in an organization.
Teorie zarządzania na przestrzeni lat podlegały dynamicznej ewolucji. Historycznie w klasycznej teorii zapoczątkowanej przez Fryderyka Taylora i Henry’ego Fayola - człowieka widziano przez pryzmat produkcji, traktując go jako jeden z zasobów. Zarządzanie ludźmi poddawano pod proces pracy, ściśle dzieląc zadania i czas pracy pod ustalone potrzeby organizacji. Ten model zarządzania był najdłużej stosowany przy liniach produkcyjnych, gdzie potrzeby pracowników odkładane były na drugi plan. Najważniejszy był niezaburzony proces.
Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin consists of complex structured ore deposits and is developed by the underground method at depths of over 1000 m. The underground method is used to mine reserves of rich iron ores with a useful component content of more than 59% applying bulk ore and rock caving systems. This leads to significant changes in the stress state of the rock massif. During underground operations, mine workings are strained and in some cases destructed. As a result, enterprises are constantly increasing operating costs for maintaining mine workings, which adversely impacts the cost of production. Industrial research results demonstrate that in most cases workings fail in their upper part which is vaulted in shape. Available methods for determining the state of rocks around mine workings do not fully take into account physical and mechanical properties of the rocks in which the working is located. The developed technique allows determining not only the destructive pressure impacting the workings, but also the angle at which the destructive force acts. This technique differs from the available ones in taking into account not only mining and geological characteristics of the deposit, but also most factors of physical and mechanical properties of rocks. This technique helps to choose a rational place for driving mine workings at the stage of design, thus avoiding significant additional cost for their maintenance.
PL
W kopalni Krzywy Róg występują złoża rudy o złożonej strukturze, wydobywane metodą podziemną z głębokości ponad 1000 m. Stosując systemy zawałowe eksploatuje się złoża bogatych rud żelaza o zawartości składników użytecznych powyżej 59%. Prowadzi to do znacznych zmian stanu naprężeń masywu skalnego. Podczas prac podziemnych wyrobiska kopalniane podlegają naprężęniom, a w niektórych przypadkach ulegają zniszczeniu. W efekcie przedsiębiorstwa stale podwyższają koszty eksploatacji wyrobisk górniczych, co niekorzystnie wpływa na koszty produkcji. Wyniki badań przemysłowych wskazują, że w większości przypadków wyrobiska zawodzą w swojej górnej części. Dostępne metody określania stanu skał wokół wyrobisk górniczych nie uwzględniają w pełni właściwości fizycznych i mechanicznych skał, w których znajduje się wyrobisko. Opracowana technika pozwala na określenie nie tylko ciśnienia destrukcyjnego działającego na wyrobiska, ale również kąta działania siły destrukcyjnej. Technika ta rożni się od dostępnych tym, że uwzględnia nie tylko cechy górniczo-geologiczne złoża, ale także większość czynników właściwości fizykomechanicznych skał. Technika ta pozwala już na etapie projektowania na dobór racjonalnych miejsc prowadzenia wyrobisk górniczych, unikając w ten sposób znacznych dodatkowych kosztów ich utrzymania.
Objectives: to analyze changes in knowledge and practices regarding silicosis in groups of workers at high risk of silicosis before - after an intervention. Methods: The study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 based on structured questions related to knowledge and practices of silicosis of workers directly exposed to silica dust in a Northern province of Vietnam. The mobile app-based intervention was applied to steel workers, then compared with ironworkers in improvements in silicosis knowledge and practices. Results: Significant changes in the intervention group related to workers' knowledge about the signs suggestive of silicosis, disease consequences, measures to reduce the risk of silicosis, and participation in annual occupational disease examinations were reported. Conclusion: Mobile applicationbased interventions could improve silicosis knowledge and practice among workers at high risk of exposure to silica dust.
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Purpose: The aim of the work was to successfully define motivation and the act of motivating, but also to characterize many different kinds of the former. Based on a survey carried out among retired officers a set of data was presented, explaining the reasons for their desire to find employment after withdrawing from the army, as well as making known retirees’ opinions on their persisting willingness to keep working post-retirement. The profile of an officer of the Polish Army was also discussed. Design/methodology/approach: The research was conducted in a group of retired officers of the Polish Army in 2019-2021 using the snowball method. The study also used the method of analysis and criticism of the literature and the heuristic method, as well as the quantitative method - a questionnaire was used. The research problem was expressed in the form of a question: What factors influence the motivation of retired officers of the Polish Armed Forces to take up work after leaving the service? Findings: The termination of military service after several years of work in the Polish army may be a difficult moment for some officers, because most of their lives they worked in one organization, where there are clear and defined rules and high discipline. During their service, the officers of the Polish Armed Forces acquired valuable competences - knowledge and skills supported by experience, therefore it is important that they can still use their competence potential. It is essential that officers who will retire plan their future careers. Motivation, i.e. a set of forces and factors that are aimed at supporting an individual in certain behaviors, also plays a large role. Thanks to them, you can work towards achieving specific goals. According to the survey, retired officers take up work after leaving the service due to the desire to further use their knowledge and experience. Working in a group, contact with other people also influences the continuation of work in retirement. For some respondents, too low a retirement benefit is a factor that motivates them to look for a job. Originality/value: Results of this research should be of interest to institutions and people, who help retired officers of the Polish Armed Forces. Secondly they are also directed to officers themselves, as a support in planning their future professional career.
Purpose: On the basis of their own research, the authors of the article undertook to determine the factors determining future social and economic development and to develop recommendations for strengthening active economic, social and labour market policies in mining municipalities and districts in Poland – in the perspective of the "European Green Deal" plan and "Just Transition" Design/methodology: the results presented in the article were obtained on the basis of the implementation of questionnaire research, expert interviews, literature review, critical literature analysis, documentation analysis, statistical descriptive analysis. Findings: As a result of the analyses and surveys carried out, the article presents an extensive set of conclusions, the most important of which are those relating to social. The presented attempt of the prospective approach to the phenomena and processes which may result from the transformation of the hard coal mining in Poland is aimed at better understanding of the role which may be fulfilled in the future by the local self-government in the area of which the operating or disused mines and mining enterprises are located. Secondly which are related to the perspective of the hard coal mining transformation process, first of all showed terms the scale of challenges faced by mining municipalities. The indicated processes are nowadays dominated by the challenge of creating new ecological solutions of high quality both in the sphere of their social acceptance in the utilitarian dimension. It is a process that allows for a better understanding of the role of local government in the transformation process, which will probably take up, in a fragmentary way, economic, social and environmental challenges resulting from the contemporary development of economy based on knowledge and determined by the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Originality: the findings and recommendations of the study may become relevant for practitioners and researchers dealing with climate change mitigation, strategy implementation, cross-sectoral partnerships and sustainable development of transformed areas.
Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to stimulate discussion on the following thesis presented in the article. Anticipating the process of just transition without taking into account demographic changes will incompletely reveal the social and economic effects caused by it. Design/methodology/approach: the research used the method of descriptive and comparative statistics, as well as literature review, critical analysis of literature, document research and comparative analysis. Findings: on the basis of the analyses and research carried out in this article, it can be concluded that in the examined areas of mining municipalities – in the part relating to the stream of labour supply – a dynamic process of ageing of labour resources is clearly noticeable. On the basis of the above conclusion, it seems that the need to subordinate the policies implemented in the city to the indicated process is justified. Originality/value: the entirety of the outlined changes, processes and forecasts indicates that in order to reduce the stratification in the examined areas, which is the main source of structural mismatches, it is necessary to undertake actions aimed at building future-oriented municipal policies – especially with regard to old age. Failure to take such measures in the perspective of social and economic transformation may delay preparation for the seemingly inevitable changes in the age structure of the population living in the studied areas of mining municipalities.
Purpose: The communication between a patient and the staff of a clinic's reception desk forms the patient's ideas and opinions about the entire health care facility. The purpose of this article was to analyze the assessment of the level of service provided by selected private health care facilities, on the example of handling the patient at the reception desk. Design/methodology/approach: The SERVQUAL service quality assessment method has been used in the research. The research was carried out in seven private health care facilities located in the Silesian Voivodship, in the cities with a population of between 100,000 and 250,000. 220 patients have been surveyed. The survey consisted of two questionnaires, a section concerning the determination of the weights of specific criteria and the section with demographic questions. Both surveys included 22 statements each, and there were also 4 demographic questions included. The assessments were made by giving points on the Likert scale of 1-7. The study was carried out from January to March 2022. Findings: The conducted analysis of the level of the studied service allowed for identifying key areas that require corrective actions. The biggest gaps between patient assessments and expectations concern such aspects as: response time, reliability, and empathy. Research limitations/implications: Due to the fact that the worst-rated areas are closely related to communication, it is advisable to take corrective actions on the part of management as soon as possible. It is also advisable to conduct a study on the diagnosis of errors made in patient’s service during registration on the example of other health care entities. Practical implications: The application of the SERVQUAL method enabled to diagnose the expected and obtained quality level of the tested service in the opinion of patients of selected NZOZs. Social implications: The results of the conducted research confirm that effective and efficient use of communication in the process of providing health care services influences the maximization of patients’ satisfaction and, as a result, it requires systematic investments in the development of human potential. Originality/value: In the conducted study, a model of the quality of patients service in reception desk in non-public health care units was proposed. The evaluation criteria were presented in the model in order to diagnose dimensions that are perceived well by the patients and those that, in their opinion, require improvement.
The influence of global lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted the lives of many people. Once performed elsewhere, many activities had to be moved to private spaces of individual homes, influencing how people use their residential space, modifying their living and working conditions. The purpose of this study was to research the changes in the use of residential space through questionnaires addressed to respondents in five age groups (up to 25, 26–35, 36–50, 51–65, and over 65), and living or studying in the Milan area (Lombardy)—an area affected severely by COVID-19 in the period March–May 2020. The obtained questionnaire results allowed the authors to create a set of guidelines for apartment design, intended to improve their spatial performance. The observations made when creating the case study projects led to two main conclusions: First, at the level of the house plan, the arrangement of the plan should be free and adaptable, al-lowing for fast alteration by the user. Second, the project should be tailor-made, highly specialized, and purposefully designed at the level of home office design, including appropriate furnishings, technical appliances, and lighting systems.
Purpose: the main purpose of the paper is to support the sustainable development of the health resort areas by protecting their unique resources. Design/methodology/approach: the research is based on the descriptive and comparative statistical method and literature review, critical literature analysis, documentary research and comparative analysis. Findings: on the basis of the conducted analyses and research it can be concluded that a systematic increase in the living standard of the residents of the researched health resort areas is clearly visible. The key factor that may determine further increase in the living standard of the residents of the areas appears to be the development of knowledge-based economies together with the development of innovative technologies and products as well as efficient management. Originality/value: it should be assumed that the research into health resort area will be based to a large extent on its endogenous conditions and its strategic advantages. The key potential in this area is people and their knowledge, as well as skills, competencies and talents which shape social attitudes and influence behaviour towards the changes taking place, thus influencing acceptability or resistance to them.
The specificity of the work organization in Industry 4.0 varies depending on the technological development and the level of security of new technology solutions. Employees are required to maintain a key function in working with knowledge, including decentralized decision-making and the safety and quality assessment of the production processes. The results of occupational risk assessment are presented here as a method contributing not only to the improvement of production processes, but also to the improvement of the product quality level. Author presents solutions in the field of occupational health and safety management applied in the chosen production company in the department of repair and anti-corrosion works, which contributed to the product quality level improvement.
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