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Computer-aided selection of belt feeder parameters for the load and stability of its structure assessment

Krauze Krzysztof, Klempka Ryszard, Wydro Tomasz, Mucha Kamil

Production Engineering Archives

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2025

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Vol. 31, Iss. 3

329--334

EN

Due to their simple design, high reliability, and low energy consumption, belt feeders are a fundamental means of transporting bulk materials, particularly in continuous feeding systems. The most com monly used belt feeders are short ones, with lengths up to 40 meters and belt widths up to 1 meter. In addition to their use in underground and open-pit mining, they are widely applied in energy, metallurgy, and other industrial sectors and in transshipment ports, storage yards, and stockpiles. The proper operation of belt feeders is ensured by maintaining their structure's required stability and rigidity under specific operational conditions (installation location). It applies to feeders operating on straight stationary supports, particularly on V-type stationary and mobile supports. Various computer programs are used during the design phase of these feeders to assist and facilitate the process because, despite standard components and assemblies, belt feeders are not repeatable solutions and require multi-variant calculations. Based on a typical belt feeder, its analytical model, and dedicated software, the stability and forces acting on the supports are investigated. This software enables and facilitates the analysis of the stability and support loads of a belt feeder during its design phase or when implementing structural modifications. It may be particularly useful for current and future users introducing changes to the feeder’s structure or relocating it to a different operational site. The presented application was employed in the analysis of a belt feeder at an open-pit mine during the process of modifying its drive unit.

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Model and analysis of rope winch operation in underground rail transport

Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz, Klempka Ryszard

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2025

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Vol. 70, no. 3

377--386

EN

The primary means of rail transport in inclined workings up to 45° are typically single- or double-drum rope winches. These winches are part of a transport system consisting of the winch itself, a rope with a diameter d and length Ll, a track system, and a return drum with a rope tensioning mechanism. A fundamental challenge in employing winches in a given working is accounting for their operational conditions, which include the route length Lu, its inclination αu, and the value of the hauled mass (weight) Gm, given a specified load transport velocity vpł. These factors influence the drive load parameters, such as the winding rope force FC, unwinding rope force FS, and drive motor power Np. Manufacturers of these devices provide their structural (Lumax), kinematic (vpj), and energy-related (Np) parameters. However, it is the responsibility of the prospective user to assess the suitability of a specific winch for the conditions present in their transport excavation. To address this need, an analytical model, algorithm, and computer program have been developed to dynamically determine the required parameters while considering the winch’s operating conditions.

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Analiza wskaźnikowa przedsiębiorstw z branży surowcowej w Polsce za lata 2018–2022

Ranosz Robert, Fuksa Dariusz, Kret Yana, Mucha Kamil

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 3, no. 2

art. no. 87

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest podstawowa analiza finansowa spółek funkcjonujących w sektorze surowców mineralnych. Analiza finansowa bazuje w głównej mierze na wskaźnikach rentowności, płynności, sprawności działania oraz zadłużenia. Poza analiza wskaźnikową przedstawiono również podstawowe wielkości finansowe takie jak: zysk netto, poziom aktywów oraz kapitału własnego. Wyniki analizy pozwoliły na stwierdzenie, iż branża surowców mineralnych w latach 2018–2022 jako całość miała satysfakcjonujące wyniki. W analizowanych latach wyróżniają się dwa sektory a mianowicie związanych z wydobyciem węgla kamiennego i górnictwem pozostałych rud metali nieżelaznych. Sektorami, które osiągały nieco gorsze wyniki to sektory wydobycia torfu oraz żwiru, piasku, gliny i kaolinu.

EN

The aim of this article is to provide a basic financial analysis of companies operating in the mineral resources sector. The financial analysis primarily focuses on profitability, liquidity, operational efficiency, and debt ratios. In addition to the ratio analysis, key financial figures such as net profit, asset levels, and equity were also presented. The analysis results indicate that the mineral resources sector as a whole performed satisfactorily in the years 2018–2022. Among the analyzed years, two sectors stand out, namely coal mining and the mining of other non-ferrous metal ores. The sectors that performed slightly worse were peat extraction and the mining of gravel, sand, clay, and kaolin.

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Analiza efektywności finansowej Orlen S.A. za lata 2015–2022

Ranosz Robert, Fuksa Dariusz, Szczudrawa Jan, Mucha Kamil

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 3, no. 2

art. no. 88

PL

Artykuł analizuje kondycję finansową Orlen S.A., jednego z największych przedsiębiorstw paliwowo-energetycznych w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej. Celem analizy była ocena rentowności, płynności finansowej oraz poziomu zadłużenia firmy tak aby poznać odpowiedz na pytania jaka jest kondycja finansowa przedsiębiorstwa oraz jak zarządza ono posiadanym kapitałem. Analizę oparto o wskaźniki rentowności ROS, ROA i ROE, wskaźniki bieżącej oraz przyspieszonej płynności finansowej wraz ze wskaźnikiem środków pieniężnych, a także o wskaźniki zadłużenia. Przedstawiono wyniki wraz z interpretacją oraz niezbędną teorie potrzebną do zrozumienia wykonanych obliczeń.

EN

This article examines the financial condition of Orlen S.A., one of the largest fuel and energy companies in Central and Eastern Europe. The analysis aimed to assess the company's profitability, financial liquidity, and debt levels to answer questions regarding the financial health of the enterprise and its capital management practices. The analysis was based on profitability indicators such as ROS, ROA, and ROE, current and quick liquidity ratios, along with the cash ratio, as well as debt indicators. The results are presented with interpretations and include the necessary theoretical background to understand the performed calculations.

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Ultradźwięki o wysokiej (HIFU) i niskiej (LIUS) intensywności w terapiach onkologicznych

Sowa Florian, Mucha Kamil, Zamorski Maciej, Topola Ewa, Soczyńska Julia, Kulbacka Julita

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2024

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Vol. 13, nr 3

265--276

PL

Nowotwory stanowią jedną z głównych przyczyn zgonów ludzi na świecie, dlatego nieustannie są w obszarze zainteresowań onkologów i naukowców. Wciąż poszukuje się alternatywnych metod leczenia, bardziej skutecznych, mniej inwazyjnych i bezpiecznych dla pacjenta. Ultradźwięki początkowo służyły głównie w celach diagnostycznych, lecz z czasem stały się również narzędziem terapeutycznym. Ich zastosowanie w onkologii można podzielić ze względu na natężenie, w jakim działają. Wyróżniamy ultradźwięki o wysokim natężeniu – HIFU (ang. high intensity focused ultrasound ) oraz te o niskim natężeniu LIUS (low intensity ultarsound ), do których należy również LIPUS (ang. low intensity pulsed utlrasound ). Metoda działania HIFU opiera się głównie na termicznym niszczeniu komórek, gdzie natężona fala ultradźwięków skupia się w danej tkance, powodując wzrost temperatury. Ultradźwięki o niskiej intensywności LIUS (ang. low intensity utlrasound ) działają przede wszystkim drogą mechaniczną, którą można wykorzystać na wiele sposobów. Dzięki zróżnicowanemu potencjałowi terapeutycznemu ultradźwięki mogą stać się w przyszłości istotnym narzędziem lekarzy w walce z chorobami nowotworowymi w monoterapii lub w skojarzeniu z chemio- i radioterapią.

EN

Neoplasms are one of the leading causes of human deaths worldwide and thus deserve exceptional attention. More effective and less invasive methods of treating cancer are still being sought. Ultrasound was initially used mainly for diagnostic purposes, but over time it has also become a therapeutic tool. Their use in oncology can be divided accordingly to its intensity. We can distinguish high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS), which also includes lowintensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). HIFU’s mechanism mainly constitutes of thermal destruction of cells, where an intense wave of ultrasound is concentrated in a given tissue, causing a rise in temperature. LIUS low-intensity ultrasound works primarily through a mechanical pathway, which can have numerous applications. Thanks to the diverse therapeutic potential, ultrasound may became a paramount tool for the doctors to combat cancer in monotherapy or alongside chemo- and radiotherapy in the future.

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The photogrammetric approach in conical picks wear rate evaluation

Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz, Pawlik Jan, Wróblewska-Pawlik Aleksandra

Production Engineering Archives

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2023

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Vol. 29, Iss. 4

413-420

EN

The cutting tools in mining industry are especially prone to rapid wear, since most of the rocks exhibit aggressive abrasion attributes. A typical representative of fast wearing mining end-tools is a conical pick (also known as tangential-rotary cutter). In order to decrease the premature deterioration, the manufacturers and users tend to enhance the lifespan of the tool by wide range of approaches, namely heat treatment, chemical treatment, burnishing, hard facing etc. In order to estimate the wear rate of a given pick one has to select appropriate procedure and method of evaluation. By this time, most commonly applied method is to estimate the wear rate basing on mass loss measurements of the tools being exploited with constant cutting parameters and fixed conditions. The Authors proposed also a new method of volumetric wear assessment, basing of three-dimensional photogrammetric scanning and compared the results with the outcome of traditional mass wear evaluation of the same sets of tools. Additionally, this paper contains recommendations regarding both approaches (volumetric and mass), especially focusing on the possibilities of the new method concerning measurements of the manufactured tool.

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Computer-aided selection of the stabilising system parameters of the mobile transport and assembly manipulator in mining excavations

Krauze Krzysztof, Klempka Ryszard, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 68, no. 1

3--18

EN

Shifting masses in a confined space in the company of other machines and devices, which limits the manoeuvring and transport area, poses a significant problem in every field of industry, especially with underground mining. The works involved in transporting and manoeuvring masses in underground workings are challenging and are most often performed using various auxiliary machines or manually. Hence the need arose to develop a device carrying out activities related to the shifting of masses with the assumed maximum value. The device was created as a result of cooperation between FAMA sp. z o.o. and the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków, Poland. The mining modular transport and assembly unit (MZT-M) enables assembling and transporting various masses, especially the elements of the roadway support in the face. The primary function of this device is its movement in the excavation along with the transported mass and delivering it to a specific place. Therefore, an important issue is to ensure the module’s stability in different phases of its operation (lifting, transport, manoeuvring, feeding, lowering) due to the limited space in the excavation. That is why an analytical model and specialised software were created to determine the design parameters of the device as a function of its operating phases, especially the counterweight’s mass. As previously mentioned, an analytical model (physical, mathematical) with equations and applications written in Microsoft Visual Studio and Matlab was used for this purpose. It is beneficial at the design or construction changes stage. Calculation results are documented in the form of numerical summaries and graphs.

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Operational Tests of a Modular Installation and Transport Assembly of Steel Arch Support in Underground Excavations

Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz, Kutnik Andrzej, Hałas Waldemar, Ruda Piotr, Osowski Dawid

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 4, Iss. 1

343--354

EN

The roof support, especially the ŁP yielding steel arch support, is transported and assembled in the face with the use of auxiliary machines. This activity in Polish underground mines causes numerous problems, which until present have not been solved. Currently, transport and assembly are carried out manually, while the roadheader and suspended rail are used only to a small extent. Therefore, the modular installation and transport assembly was developed jointly by FAMA Sp. z o. o. and AGH University of Science and Technology. The solution in question enables performing a number of functions (including transport and assembly of all kinds of support arches), which are not available in currently manufactured equipment. The proposed manipulator solves numerous problems occurring during the installation of the steel arch support in an underground mining excavation and significantly improves the process of drilling galleries. This innovative solution considerably differs from the existing ones, and its greatest advantage is versatility with regard to the cross-section and equipment of the roadway, as well as a wide range of functions. In addition, it can also be used for reloading works. The modular installation and transport assembly together with a platform, a temporary mechanized roof support and a mining machine, make up a mechanizes roadheader complex, which enables continuous mining, loading and installing the permanent support in underground workings.

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Ocena jakości noży styczno-obrotowych oraz prognozowanie ich kosztów zużycia

Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz

Przegląd Górniczy

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2020

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T. 76, nr 9

1--9

PL

W chwili obecnej wybór, przez użytkownika, noża styczno-obrotowego polega na sprecyzowaniu jego parametrów geometrycznych i materiałowych, uwzględniających miejsce i warunki jego pracy. Następnie dokonuje się wyboru, zazwyczaj na podstawie tylko jednego kryterium, jakim jest cena. Tym samym na etapie zakupu, jak i eksploatacji, nie prowadzi się oceny jakości noży i ich przydatności do konkretnej maszyny i urabianego minerału. Dlatego powstała metoda pozwalająca przeprowadzić takie badania, w których dokonuje się pomiarów parametrów geometrycznych noża, ustala się rodzaje materiałów korpusu noża i wkładki WC oraz szybkość zużycia (intensywność) na stanowisku laboratoryjnym. Szybkość zużycia (intensywność) opisana jest za pomocą wskaźnika C2, którego wartość im jest mniejsza, tym nóż wolniej się zużywa. Wskaźnik C2 został wykorzystany do prognozowania zużycia noży i określenia ich ceny jednostkowej oraz kosztów eksploatacyjnych. Pozwala to na precyzyjne określenie wymagań inwestycyjnych i prawidłowy wybór noża.

EN

Currently, the user’s choice of a conical pick involves specifying its geometric and material parameters, taking into account the place and conditions of its work. The selection is then made, usually on the basis of solely one criterion, which is the price. Thus, at the stage of both purchase and operation, the quality of picks and their suitability for a specific machine and the processed mineral are not assessed. Therefore, a method was developed to enable conducting tests that determine the geometric parameters of a pick, the types of materials of the pick body and WC insert as well as the pick wear rate (intensity) in a laboratory workstation. The wear rate (intensity) is described by the C2 index - the smaller is its value, the slower is the pick’s wear. The C2 index has been used to forecast the wear of picks and to determine their unit price and operating costs. This allows for precise determination of investment requirements and a proper selection of the pick.

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Evaluation of the Quality of Conical Picks and the Possibility of Predicting the Costs of Their Use

Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 3, Iss. 1

491--504

EN

Currently, the user’s choice of a conical pick involves specifying its geometric and material parameters, taking into account the place and conditions of its work. The selection is then made, usually on the basis of solely one criterion, which is the price. Thus, at the stage of both purchase and operation, the quality of picks and their suitability for a specific machine and the processed mineral are not assessed. Therefore, a method was developed to enable conducting tests that determine the geometric parameters of a pick, the types of materials of the pick body and WC insert as well as the pick wear rate (intensity) in a laboratory workstation. The wear rate (intensity) is described by the C2 index – the smaller is its value, the slower is the pick’s wear. The C2 index has been used to forecast the wear of picks and to determine their unit price and operating costs. This allows for precise determination of investment requirements and a proper selection of the pick.

11

The new method for assessing rock abrasivity in terms of wear of conical picks

Mucha Kamil

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 2, Iss. 1

186--194

EN

During the exploitation of mineral raw materials, a cutting tool is an element that is directly in contact with the unmined stone being cut. The most commonly used cutting tools include conical picks. The increasing pressure to reduce mining costs causes an increasing demand for affordable and reliable ways to increase the reliability of mining machines. Abrasive wear is the most common process affecting the wear of shearer picks, hence a good and simple laboratory method for assessing rocks abrasivity is needed. The new method was developed in the aspect of selection of conical picks with appropriate protection of the pick working part, increasing its durability. The method involves the assessment of mass abrasive wear of a standard steel pin and rock sample, and the determination of the abrasivity index Wz of the tested rock, as the ratio of the mass loss of the steel pin to the mass loss of the rock sample. The article presents the procedure of conducting tests, construction of a laboratory test stand and the use of the developed method to assess the abrasivity of gangue rocks occurring in the currently cut tunnel excavations of Polish hard coal mines.