The thunder crab, Myomenippe hardwickii, has been reported to be seen across Southeast Asia, including the Indian coast. However, previous research has lacked detailed taxonomic descriptions, color photographs, or the molecular characterization of Indian specimens. This study presents the first comprehensive documentation of M. hardwickii in India, combining both morphological and molecular taxonomy techniques. It also represents the first recorded occurrence of this species along the Malabar Coast. DNA barcoding was performed using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene markers to validate the species identity based on taxonomic classification. Previous taxonomic references indicate that the gonopods of M. hardwickii and its sister species, Myomenippe fornasinii Bianconi, 1851 are similar. However, this study marks the first instance of presenting a detailed description and illustration of the male gonopods (G1 & G2) and outlining the characteristics of the vulvae in female individuals of M. hardwickii. Consequently, we have provided species identification supported by appropriate illustrations and ecological information.
The cirripede faunas from the Cretaceous (Campanian) of Skåne, southern Sweden, are reviewed and a total number of 31 species are recorded, the majority of which come from the upper lower Campanian (Belemnellocamax mammillatus Zone) of Ivö Klack, in the Kristianstad Basin. A number of new taxa are described, including the family Angulalepadidae and genus Angulalepas (type species Pollicipes nilssoni Steenstrup, 1839), as are Zeugmatolepas alifera sp. nov., Arcuatoscalpellum carlssoni sp. nov., Regioscalpellum ahlbergi sp. nov., and Epibrachylepas lineatum sp. nov. Pollicipes angelini Darwin, 1851, is placed in the genus Solidoscalpellum Gale, 2025, and Pollicipes undulatus Steenstrup, 1839 in the genus Arcuatoscalpellum Gale, 2015. The palaeoecology of the rocky shoreline cirripede fauna from Ivö Klack is discussed, and taxa are assigned to 6 microniche habitats, determined largely by the degree of turbulence and the nature of the substrates.
The article summarizes the results of structural and systemic studies on the taxonomy and evolution of the Spherical Genus of electrical machines. It is shown that the rank structure of genetic systematics, geometric classes of electrical machines correspond to the taxonomic rank of the Genus. The concept is introduced for the first time and the structure of the generative taxon is given, which determines the hierarchical structure of higher taxon ranks. The genetic programs, evolutionary status and quantitative composition of the Species of spherical machines are determined. A genetic and evolutionary analysis of the processes of historical speciation is carried out with the identification of evolutionary events that testify to the discovery of new Species of spherical electromechanical systems. The results of the implementation of the scenario of Controlled Evolution by purposeful introduction of new Species into the evolution are considered using specific examples. The results of the research determine the innovative potential of the Genus and show the possibility of setting and solving tasks of the Discovery of systems type, which are an integral part of the strategy of Controlled Evolution.
PL
W artykule podsumowano wyniki badań strukturalnych i systemowych dotyczących taksonomii i ewolucji Rodzaju Sferycznych maszyn elektrycznych. Wykazano, że w strukturze rangowej taksonomii genetycznej klasy geometryczne maszyn elektrycznych odpowiadają rzędowi taksonomicznemu Rodzaju. Po raz pierwszy wprowadzono koncepcję i strukturę taksonu generatywnego, który determinuje hierarchiczną strukturę taksonów wyższego rzędu. Określono programy genetyczne, status ewolucyjny i skład ilościowy Gatunków Sferycznych maszyn elektrycznych. Przeprowadzono analizę genetyczno-ewolucyjną procesów historycznej specjacji, identyfikując wydarzenia ewolucyjne świadczące o odkryciu nowych Gatunków sferycznych układów elektromechanicznych. Rezultaty wdrożenia scenariusza ewolucji sterowanej poprzez celowe wprowadzanie nowych gatunków do ewolucji są badane na konkretnych przykładach. Wyniki badań określiły potencjał innowacyjny Rodzaju oraz pokazały możliwość stawiania i rozwiązywania takich zadań jak Odkrywanie Systemów, które stanowią integralną część strategii Ewolucji sterowanej.
Fossils recovered from Baltoscandian erratic boulders and cobbles, collected on the beach near Orłowo and Oksywie Cliff (the latter for the first time) near Gdynia in northern Poland constitute an interesting lot. Several trilobite taxa have been discovered, such as Calymene? sp., Acaste? sp., Chasmopsinae indet., Encrinurus sp. and Proetidae indet. Another group of arthropods represented here is Ostracoda, mostly comprising taxa of the family Beyrichiidae, assigned to the order Palaeocopida. The preservation of all fossils certainly leaves much to be desired. Nevertheless, after preparation it has turned out possible to provide some taxonomic identification and the estimated stratigraphical provenance of the erratics studied. In addition, on the basis of taxonomic composition, palaeoecological and palaeogeographical patterns have been worked out. The present paper ranks amongst the very few recent publications dedicated to erratic fossils from Poland in general and those on arthropods specifically.
Abundant and well preserved fossil material from Niedźwiedzia Cave documents the presence of two different subspecies of Ursus arctos: the Late Pleistocene Ursus arctos taubachensis and the Holocene Ursus arctos arctos. Apart from a few bones of the Holocene age, the vast majority of the material is dated to MIS 3 and represents large individuals of robust posture, typical of the cold phases of the Late Pleistocene. Ursus arctos taubachensis is a characteristic element of Late Pleistocene steppe-tundra faunas and was a highly carnivorous scavenger. Our analysis shows that some individuals from Niedźwiedzia Cave are among the largest ever found. Revision of the characters distinguishing these two subspecies of Ursus arctos shows the equal importance of metrical and morphological features. Apart the larger size and wider teeth, the main feature is the more robust build of Ursus arctos taubachensis, especially of the metapodials. For the highly mobile Ursus arctos, DNA is shown to be less important in the determination of subspecies when dealing with the material from the Central European sites.
Ryzyko klimatyczne odnosi się do zagrożeń wynikających ze zmian klimatu, które mogą negatywnie wpływać na gospodarkę, społeczeństwo oraz środowisko. Wzrastająca temperatura, która pociąga za sobą występowanie ekstremalnych zjawisk pogodowych, stwarza poważne wyzwania dla przedsiębiorstw. Dlatego ocena ryzyka klimatycznego staje się podstawowym narzędziem wspierającym podejmowanie decyzji w organizacjach i stanowi istotny element zarządzania strategicznego. Firmy, które nie podejmują działań dostosowawczych, narażają się na utratę konkurencyjności, reputacji, a w skrajnych przypadkach nawet zdolności do prowadzenia działalności. Klasyfikacja ryzyk klimatycznych została opracowana przez Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) i znajduje szerokie zastosowanie m.in. w Europejskich Standardach Raportowania Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (ESRS), Taksonomii UE i innych programach czy inicjatywach. Analizę ryzyka klimatycznego można wykonać wykorzystując różne narzędzia takie jak: norma PN-EN ISO 14091, czy np. zalecenia przedstawione przez TCFD.
EN
Climate risk refers to threats due to climate changes which can have a negative impact on the economy, society and environment. A rising temperature which leads to extreme weather phenomena gives rise to serious challenges for companies. Therefore, climate risk assessment has become a basic tool for supporting decision-making processes in organizations and is an essential element of strategic management. Companies which fail to undertake adaptation measures risk losing their competitiveness, reputation and, in extreme cases, even their ability to operate. Climate risk classification has been developed by the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) and is widely used, among others, in European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ERSR), the EU Taxonomy and other programs or initiatives. Climate risk can be analysed using different tools such as PN-EN ISO 14091 or the TCFD recommendations.
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Zittelia is an extinct genus of the family Colombellinidae, which originally was described from the Upper Jurassic–?Lower Cretaceous (Tithonian–?Valanginian) of Sicily, Italy, and subsequently reported from several localities across Europe. Its shell is oval, with a thickened, siphonostomatous peristome, a narrow, slit-like aperture displaying distinct abapical sinuosity, and a denticulate outer lip that is bent outward. In contrast to members of the Cypraeidae, the shells of which are convolute, the spire of Zittelia remains elevated. A thorough examination of the type material has enabled a comprehensive revision of the taxonomic composition of the genus and clarification of its diagnostic characteristics. Species of Zittelia share morphological affinities with Colombellina, the type genus of the Colombellinidae, and are closely related to early representatives of the cypraeids. This is reflected in changes in the shell morphology of Zittelia during the Late Jurassic, including a progressive enlargement of the last whorl, elongation of the aperture, and a substantial expansion of the columellar lip. The species most closely resembling early cypraeids is the type species, Zittelia cipraeaeformis Gemmellaro, 1869, which possesses a broadly expanded columellar lip and a low spire. The occurrence of Zittelia is restricted to peri-Tethyan carbonate facies. Its co-occurrence with the earliest cypraeids in the uppermost Jurassic of Sicily indicates that the Late Jurassic reefs and associated lagoons of the Tethys may have served as centres of diversification for the Colombellinidae and as potential areas of emergence for the Cypraeoidea.
The new species Glomospira kaminskii is described from the Paleogene Scaglia-type assemblages in central Italy. The species is characterized by its initial glomospiral coiling, which changes during ontogeny to streptospiral or irregular. The undivided tubular chamber often meanders across the surface of the earlier test, and then may uncoil. The species also differs from other Glomospira species in possessing a finely agglutinated wall and a deeply incised coil suture. This discovery shows that the genus Glomospira may alter its coiling mode in the adult stage. The species, first reported from the Lower Eocene of the Labrador Sea, has a cosmopolitan distribution.
The year of publication and bibliographic reference of Pecten nodosiformis have been quoted incorrectly. It is concluded herein that the name was originally published in Pusch’s Geognostische Beschreibung von Polen, and that the correct year is 1836. This highly distinctive pectinid species, with the left valve ornamented with nodules, and presently assigned to the genus Gigantopecten Rovereto, 1899, is a reliable guide to the Lower Badenian (upper Langhian, Middle Miocene) of Poland and Ukraine. Its occurrence in this area, restricted to carbonate deposits dated to the Orbulina suturalis planktonic foraminifera zone and the upper NN5 calcareous nannoplankton zone, help to refine the knowledge of palaeoclimatic changes during the Middle Miocene in individual Paratethyan basins. The comparison of many Polish, Ukrainian and Slovak specimens allows the demonstration of changes in the shape of the shell and its ornamentation during ontogeny. This was the reason for assigning herein numerous species as junior synonyms of Gigantopecten nodosiformis. Moreover, this paper presents a review of studies on the Middle Miocene sedimentary succession and its fossil content in Skotniki Quarry, the type locality of Gigantopecten nodosiformis, one of the most important geological exposures in the Holy Cross Mountains, studied already in the early 19th century by Pusch.
The siliciclastic Bajocian-Bathonian Pelion Formation of Tværdal, Geographical Society Ø, East Greenland, is dominated by shallow-marine sandstones, which yielded 22 bivalve taxa representing 18 genera; these are described and figured here. The type species of the subgenus Strimodiolus, Modiolus (Strimodiolus) elongatus Fürsich, 1982, is a junior homonym of Modiola elongata Swainson, 1821 and is replaced by M. (Modiolus) milnelandensis nom. nov. Infaunal taxa dominate in terms of abundance and species richness, and several of the semi-infaunal (e.g., Strimodiolus, Cyrtopinna) and deep-burrowing (Pleuromya) bivalves are preserved in life position, suggesting periodical high sedimentation rates below the fair-weather wave-base during deposition of most of the formation.
The research gives a holistic view of the Latvian FinTech sector by analysing its business models. The Fintech sector taxonomy by Venture Faculty, a Latvian consulting firm, is used, and subsectors are defined according to Cambridge Centre of Alternative Finance CCAF Atlas. The authors analysed public data, financial reports by Lursoft (Latvian database), and sector insights and compared subsectors’ financial performance and economic contribution. The main novelty of this paper is the validation of the CCAF Fintech taxonomy and the methodology provided to classify and assess the FinTech sector via performance and economic contribution, which can be replicated across countries/sectors. Results showed that lending and payment subsectors are the most mature due to financial and economic contributions. Researchers, investors, and financial institutions can use the findings to make informed decisions about the FinTech sector's potential.
PL
Badanie przedstawia całościowy obraz łotewskiego sektora FinTech poprzez analizę jego modeli biznesowych. Wykorzystano taksonomię sektora FinTech opracowaną przez Venture Faculty, łotewską firmę konsultingową, a podsektory zostały zdefiniowane zgodnie z CCAF Atlas opracowanym przez Cambridge Centre of Alternative Finance. Autorzy przeanalizowali dane publiczne, sprawozdania finansowe z bazy danych Lursoft oraz informacje branżowe, porównując wyniki finansowe i wkład ekonomiczny poszczególnych podsektorów. Główną nowością tego artykułu jest weryfikacja taksonomii FinTech opracowanej przez CCAF oraz przedstawienie metodologii umożliwiającej klasyfikację i ocenę sektora FinTech w oparciu o wyniki i wkład ekonomiczny, co może być powielane w różnych krajach i sektorach. Wyniki wskazują, że podsektory związane z pożyczkami i płatnościami są najbardziej rozwinięte ze względu na ich wkład finansowy i ekonomiczny. Ustalenia te mogą być wykorzystane przez badaczy, inwestorów i instytucje finansowe do podejmowania świadomych decyzji dotyczących potencjału sektora FinTech.
The paper provides an overview of all freshwater red algae species recorded to date in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Based on fieldwork and analysis of all available previously published data, it was determined that a total of 15 taxa from eight genera have been recorded to date: Bangia (1), Audoinella (3), Batrachospermum (2), Peludicola (1), Shaethia (1), Lemanea (4), Paralemanea (2) and Hildenbrandia (1). All taxa were found in clear, cold, well-oxygenated water. Bosnia and Herzegovina is very rich in different types of aquatic habitats. More than 100 sites were visited during the field research, but there are still many potential habitats where freshwater red algae can be found, which will be explored in the coming years. This work is the first step toward establishing long-term monitoring and listing of protected and threatened red algae in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The text presents EU taxonomy, part of European Green Deal, as a tool for environmental verification of businesses. It explains and describes the concept and relationship between EGD, CSRD, ESG and taxonomy. The text also attempts to identify the opportunities and risks for entrepreneurs associated with these new regulations. Understanding and exploiting them can support growth in the market. The first part of text focuses on the characterisation of the EGD policy and, within this, non-financial ESG reporting as CSRD obligation. Part two focuses on what the taxonomy is and what it serves. The third and final part deals with the new standards for categorising business activities as environmentally sustainable and the criteria for such recognition. In this part, an attempt is also made to indicate the possibilities of using new technologies like GIS and AI in taxonomy. Paper ends with conclusions and de lege ferenda recommendations. The whole is finished with list of resources valid on 15.05.2024.
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In time Petri nets (TPNs), time and control are tightly connected: time measurement for a transition starts only when all resources needed to fire it are available. Further, upper bounds on duration of enabledness can force transitions to fire (this is called urgency). For many systems, one wants to decouple control and time, i.e. start measuring time as soon as a part of the preset of a transition is filled, and fire it after some delay and when all needed resources are available. This paper considers an extension of TPN called waiting nets that dissociates time measurement and control. Their semantics allows time measurement to start with incomplete presets, and can ignore urgency when upper bounds of intervals are reached but all resources needed to fire are not yet available. Firing of a transition is then allowed as soon as missing resources are available. It is known that extending bounded TPNs with stopwatches leads to undecidability. Our extension is weaker, and we show how to compute a finite state class graph for bounded waiting nets, yielding decidability of reachability and coverability. We then compare expressiveness of waiting nets with that of other models w.r.t. timed language equivalence, and show that they are strictly more expressive than TPNs.
The aim of this paper is to develop design options for Augmented Reality (AR)-based remote service business models to support the implementation of AR technology for remote services currently taking place in the manufacturing industry. The design options were developed using a qualitative content analysis based on the results of a systematic literature review and on focus group discussions with 19 serviceresponsible industry experts from 12 German manufacturing companies. The application of a conceptual approach to taxonomy development resulted in a novel morphological framework with a total of 18 dimensions, each with two to six distinct characteristics representing the targeted design options of AR-based remote service business models. Since previous research on AR for remote services has largely neglected the business model perspective, this work makes a significant contribution to this scarcely explored research field by providing a systematic basis for describing and classifying such business models in terms of their design. The results provide industrial practice with the most important aspects to consider when designing AR-based remote service business models.
Copernicus to program, dzięki któremu można wykonać analizę scenariuszową w celu przeprowadzenia oceny ryzyka niezbędnej w raportowaniu zagadnień zrównoważonego rozwoju, z uwzględnieniem wymagań ESRS i Taksonomii UE. W niniejszym artykule zwrócono uwagę na istotne i często problematyczne kwestie, występujące podczas przeprowadzenia analizy scenariuszowej. Opisano, jakie dane można pozyskać z programu Copernicus, głównie w aspekcie zagadnień związanych z klimatem, oraz w jaki sposób są przetwarzane. Zwrócono również uwagę na rzetelność, przetwarzanie i format danych.
EN
Copernicus is the European Union’s Earth Observation Programme which allows scenario analysis – a valuable tool to perform necessary risk assessments for sustainability reporting, taking into account requirements of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) and the EU Taxonomy. The article points out essential and common questionable issues encountered when conducting scenario analysis. The data concerning mainly climate-related risks and opportunities which can be obtained from Copernicus and the way they are processed are described. The article also highlights data reliability, processing and format.
Although rhizomorine lithistids are common fossils in the Late Cretaceous deposits of central Europe, their taxonomic identification has been inadequate, due to the poor preservation of their skeletons. The material studied here, comprising 916 specimens from southern and central Poland, is one of the largest Campanian fossil collections and reveals a highly diverse taxonomic assemblage of rhizomorine lithistids, containing 28 species, which belong to 17 genera. Apart from one new species, Cryptothelion sujkowskii sp. nov., 15 others have not been previously recorded in the Late Cretaceous of Poland. Since most of the specimens studied have a well-preserved siliceous skeleton, the presented taxonomic descriptions of rhizomorine species provide new insights into their skeletal structure and intraspecific variability. This paper also provides new data on the stratigraphic range, spatial distribution, and palaeoecology of rhizomorine lithistid species, thereby enhancing the existing knowledge of the siliceous sponge fauna, inhabiting the Late Cretaceous basins of central Europe.
The new species Bulbobaculites attashensis sp. nov. is described from the rhythmite limestone and marl sediments of the D7 Attash Member of the Middle Jurassic (lower Callovian) Dhruma Formation in Central Saudi Arabia. This species is characterized by its coarsely agglutinated wall, streptospiral initial coiling, and a distinct bulbous initial coil. The occurrence of this species in limestone-marl rhythmite deposits suggests its adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions, including changes in water depth, salinity, and nutrient flux, associated with rhythmic sedimentation.
The serpulid tube worm Laqueoserpula reussi (Weinzettl, 1910), originally introduced as a gastropod named Burtinella(?) reussi, is described from the Upper Cenomanian and Lower Turonian of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. It had usually been confused with other species and genera before 2008. Comparison with specimens from the type locality of the type species of the genus Laqueoserpula Lommerzheim, 1979 confirms the affiliation of the Bohemian species to this genus. The simple prismatic (SP) ultrastructure of the tube wall of L. reussiagrees with an assignment to the tribe Serpulini Rafinesque, 1815. In the Upper Cretaceous, representatives of Laqueoserpula are exclusively found in nearshore deposits, where they are accompanied by a high diverse marine invertebrate fauna. By its compact, large and robust tube forming a spiral and extremely thick tube wall, L. reussi was well-adapted to live in nearshore high energy environments, where its tube could be encrusted by bryozoans, brachiopods and oysters, and infested by hydroids and borers.
Ichthyosaurs were a successful group of marine reptiles with an extensive fossil record and a wide geographic distribution. Many of their most spectacular fossilsome from the Lower Jurassic deposits of the Posidonia Shale in southwestern Germany. The most common ichthyosaur genus from this unit is Stenopterygius. Two ichthyosaur specimens from the Posidonia Shale in the collections of the University of Wrocław were originally classified as belonging to species currently included within the genera Ichthyosaurus and Leptonectes, previously unreported from the Posidonia Shale. However, our qualitative and quantitative analyses suggest that the original taxonomic assignments of these specimens were incorrect and both of them represent indeterminate species of Stenopterygius.
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