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Nowe dane na temat mioceńskich ślimaków słodkowodnych i lądowych ze złoża węgla brunatnego Bełchatów (pole Szczerców, niecka łódzka)

Salamon Mariusz A., Bugajski Michał, Degórski Przemysław

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2025

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Vol. 73, nr 8

733--737

EN

About 50 species of freshwater and terrestrial gastropods are known from Miocene deposits of central Poland. Current research at the Bełchatów Lignite Mine confirmed the presence of 31 taxa. Two of these have not previously been recorded from this area. Additionally, one has not been noted from Poland. The gastropod assemblage indicates that it inhabited wetlands and marshes in subtropical climates, as well asestuarine-like backwaters and extensive freshwater systems. Recorded oval and round holes on the gastropod shells are probably caused by bioerosion, produced by cyanobacteria and/or drilid beetle larvae. New data on Miocene freshwater and terrestrial gastropods from the Bełchatów Lignite Mine (Szczerców field, Łódź Depression, central Poland).

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New records of Pennsylvanian phyllocarid crustaceans (Phyllocarida, Archaeostraca) from the Donets Basin, eastern Ukraine

Dernov Vitaly

Geologos

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2025

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Vol. 31, No. 1

1--16

EN

A small phyllocarid faunule comprising Dithyrocaris colei Portlock, 1843, D. cf. granulata Woodward & Etheridge, 1873 and Phyllocarida indet. is described from black shale beds within coal-bearing deposits of the Mospyne Formation (upper Bashkirian, Lower Pennsylvanian) in the central Donets Basin, eastern Ukraine. All records of Carboniferous phyllocarids from the Donets Basin, including those by previous researchers, are preserved in black shales formed under dysaerobic conditions. In the Carboniferous of the Donets Basin, phyllocarids are found predominantly in the Bashkirian interval. Significantly fewer taxa have been recorded from the Serpukhovian, the Serpukhovian/Bashkirian boundary interval and the Upper Pennsylvanian.

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A large platypterygiine ichthyosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Poland and its macropredatory adaptations

Tyborowski Daniel, Gajek Grzegorz, Komorowski Artur

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2025

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Vol. 75, no. 4

art. no. e63

EN

The discovery of a well-preserved rostral cross-section of a platypterygiine ichthyosaur in Cenomanian deposits at Annopol, Poland, provides new insights into the anatomy, functional morphology, and ecological role of this group during the Late Cretaceous. The specimen, identified as Platypterygiinae indet., preserves articulated teeth, a visible interpremaxillary cavity, and neurovascular canal openings, enabling detailed anatomical and comparative analyses. The robust dentition, featuring blunt crowns and deep implantation, suggests adaptations for a hypercarnivorous diet focused on hard and bony prey, such as marine turtles, smaller ichthyosaurs and large actinopterygian fish. Comparative analysis reveals close affinities with other Platypterygiinae, such as Platypterygius australis and Pervushovisaurus spp., while highlighting distinctions from more generalist ophthalmosaurids. The ecological role of the Annopol ichthyosaur as an apex predator mirrors that of modern marine predators and reflects the productivity and complexity of Cenomanian marine ecosystems.

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Middle Jurassic bivalves from Geographical Society Ø, North-East Greenland

Fürsich Franz, Alsen Peter

Volumina Jurassica

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2024

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Vol. 22

59--86

EN

The siliciclastic Bajocian-Bathonian Pelion Formation of Tværdal, Geographical Society Ø, East Greenland, is dominated by shallow-marine sandstones, which yielded 22 bivalve taxa representing 18 genera; these are described and figured here. The type species of the subgenus Strimodiolus, Modiolus (Strimodiolus) elongatus Fürsich, 1982, is a junior homonym of Modiola elongata Swainson, 1821 and is replaced by M. (Modiolus) milnelandensis nom. nov. Infaunal taxa dominate in terms of abundance and species richness, and several of the semi-infaunal (e.g., Strimodiolus, Cyrtopinna) and deep-burrowing (Pleuromya) bivalves are preserved in life position, suggesting periodical high sedimentation rates below the fair-weather wave-base during deposition of most of the formation.

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Serpulidae from the Albian–Cenomanian (Cretaceous) of Mexico

Vinn Olev, Gómez Espinosa Catalina, Bahena Daniel Aviléz, García Fatima L. Campos, Talavera-Mendoza Oscar

Geologos

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2024

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Vol. 30, No. 1

57--63

EN

Two serpulid species, Protula? antiquata? and Propomatoceros? sp., are recorded from the Morelos Formation (mid-Cretaceous) in Mexico. Serpulid tube structure is microcrystalline; the examined tubes are slightly diagenetically altered, but growth layers are well preserved. The short, straight growth layers with slightly curved distal ends in Protula? antiquata? occur also in some other serpulids such as the genus Josephella. The Mexican serpulid tubes are of a calcitic composition. The diversity of the present serpulid association is low for shallow tropical seas of the Cretaceous in comparison to rich assemblages recorded from Europe. The low diversity presumably results from some local environmental conditions such as rapid sedimentation and low nutrient content of sea water.

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New floras from the Tetta Clay Pit, Upper Lusatia, late Oligocene–Early Miocene, Germany

Kowalski Rafał, Tietz Olaf, Worobiec Elżbieta, Worobiec Grzegorz

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2024

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Vol. 94, No. 1

19--–59

EN

One hundred and nine taxa of carpological remains, 3 taxa of leaves, and 103 taxa of sporomorphs are identified from the late Oligocene to Early Miocene deposits at the Tetta Clay Pit, eastern Germany. Palynological analysis was performed for the first time for this site. Among the carpological remains, 82 taxa are documented for the first time for this site, including two new fossil-genera (Paranothotsuga Kowalski gen. nov., Pterosinojackia Kowalski gen. nov.), and one new fossil-species (Sparganium tuberculatum Kowalski sp. nov.). New combinations are also introduced (Paranothotsuga jechorekiae (Czaja) Kowalski n. comb., Magnolia germanica (Mai) Kowalski n. comb., and Morella stoppii (Kirchheimer) Kowalski n. comb.). Discovered microremains of Pesavis tagluensis fungus extend the age range of the sedimentary sequence from the previously suggested Middle Miocene to at least the latest Oligocene. Two biostratigraphic units, the Rott-Thierbach and Wiesa-Eichelskopf floristic complexes are recognized for the first time in Tetta. Beech forests are indicated as the most common vegetation type. All of these fossil assemblages evidence a warm temperate climate, but a shift toward a warmer subtropical climate is inferred in the uppermost part of the studied profile.

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Kyrtatrypa pauli sp. ov., a key brachiopod species of post-taghanic recovery faunas in the middle devonian (givetian) of the holy cross mountains, Poland

Halamski Adam T., Baliński Andrzej, Kondas Marcelina

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2024

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Vol. 94, No. 3

225--240

EN

Kyrtatrypa pauli Halamski and Baliński, sp. nov. is described from two late Middle to Late Givetian (Middle Devonian) localities in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. The type locality is at Błonia Sierżawskie, near Świętomarz, in the Northern (Łysogóry) Region, whereas the other locality is at Laskowa, in the Kostomłoty Transitional Zone. The internal features of the new species, investigated by the method of serial sections, are fully concordant with those of K. culminigera Struve, 1966 (the type species); K. pauli sp. nov. differs in the overall smaller convexity of its shell. New palynological data on the type locality of Błonia Sierżawskie indicate that it belongs to the Ex3 subzone of the Ex Miospore Zone. In contrast to the currently accepted schemes, these strata therefore belong to the Nieczulice Beds and not to the Skały Formation; accordingly, their rich fauna represents a post-Taghanic recovery biota, of which K. pauli sp. nov. is a key element.

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Morphometrics of the mandible of Metoposaurus krasiejowensis Sulej, 2002 and its ecological implications

Quarto Luka F., Antczak Mateusz

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2024

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Vol. 74, no. 3

art. no. e18

EN

Amphibians, due to their ecological plasticity, are some of the best environmental indicators among vertebrates nowadays and in the fossil record. One such example is the extinct family Metoposauridae Watson, 1919. Metoposaurids were abundant amphibians in Late Triassic Pangea. The remains of the genus Metoposaurus Lydekker, 1890 have been found in Germany, Poland and Portugal with three species, respectively Metoposaurus diagnosticus (Meyer, 1842), Metoposaurus krasiejowensis Sulej, 2002 and Metoposaurus algarvensis Brusatte, Butler, Mateus and Steyer, 2015. Since the majority of studies concern the skull and the pectoral girdle, in this work M. krasiejowensis has been analysed through a morphometric study of the mandible. This was made possible by the high abundance of fossils found in Krasiejów (SW Poland) in the last 20 years. The characteristics considered are the morphology of the mandible corpus and its most relevant bones, the adaptation to stress during biting and the dermal ornamentation. The results reveal that not only do these characters have great intraspecific variability, but that at least two groups of a single population of M. krasiejowensis probably had different lifestyles, one more aquatic and the other more terrestrial.

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Pre-Taghanic (Lower to lower Middle Givetian) brachiopods from Miłoszów in the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland)

Baliński Andrzej, Halamski Adam T.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2023

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Vol. 93, No. 1

3--102

EN

Sixty-eight brachiopod species are reported from the upper part of the Skały Formation at Miłoszów (Łysogóry Region of the Holy Cross Mts., central Poland) on the basis of over 2,200 specimens. The fauna is Early to early Middle Givetian in age (timorensis to rhenanus/varcus conodont zones) and thus predates the Middle Givetian Taghanic Bioevent. One new genus and three new species are described. Leiocyrtia Baliński gen. nov. (type species: Leiocyrtia rara Baliński gen. et sp. nov.; Spiriferida, Cyrtiidae) is characterised by a non-costate shell with prominent sulcus and fold and capillate microornament. Undispirifer sidoniae Halamski and Baliński sp. nov. is characterised by transverse shells and dense ribbing. Moravilla andreae Baliński and Halamski sp. nov. is characterised by relatively coarse radial capillate ornament and is the first representative of the genus outside the type species from the Givetian of Moravia. The most abundant species are: Spinulicosta cf. spinulicosta, Antirhynchonella linguiformis, Pentamerelloides davidsoni, Peratos beyrichi, Plectospira ferita, Spinatrypa wotanica (confirmed to belong to that genus and not to Spinatrypina), Ambothyris sp., and Echinocoelia dorsoplana. ‘Spirifer’ quadriplicatus Sandberger and Sandberger, 1856, a rare species known from Miłoszów and the Rhenish Massif, is an orthide and belongs to Teichertina. The relationship between Skenidioides polonicus and S. cretus, formerly understood as anagenesis, is re-interpreted as budding cladogenesis. Davidsonia septata is reported as an epizoan on rugosan corals, a relationship never previously observed in representatives of that genus. Brachiopods represent different palaeoecological groupings, from relatively shallow-water taxa (BA3, globetum) to deep-water mud-dwelling ones (BA5, deeper brachiopodetum). The richest beds are M1-IIa (28 brachiopod species), M3-7 (23 species), and M0-9 (22 species). Eighteen species described here were not known previously in the Holy Cross Mountains, so the corrected total number of brachiopod species from the Middle Devonian of the Łysogóry Region is 140.

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Pioneer colonization, evidenced by Rhizocorallium in the Middle Triassic of Poland

Stachacz Michał

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2023

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Vol. 93, No. 4

363--379

EN

A large collection of the trace fossil Rhizocorallium from the Middle Triassic of the Polish part of the Germanic Basin (Peri-Tethys) is analysed and their ichnotaxonomical classification presented. Special attention is given to the deep form of Rhizocorallium with a vertical retrusive spreite, filled with faecal pellets, with detailed documentation of this structure, based on isolated specimens and serial sections. This analysis also reveals ∩-shaped and deep, protrusive structures. A former interpretation of Rhizocorallium as a rapidly formed fugichnion is not followed here; instead, an interpretation of the trace fossil as a complex fodinichnion is proposed. Scavengers and their relation to crinoid meadows, as well as predators, are indicated as potential tracemakers of some Rhizocorallium. Although Rhizocorallium is common throughout the Middle Triassic, unusual forms and the domination of substrates by Rhizocorallium in general mostly occur in the transgressive system of the lowermost Muschelkalk, and in regressive, marginal facies of the lower Keuper. Such a distribution of unusual forms of Rhizocorallium is interpreted as representing opportunistic, pioneer burrow assemblages that developed during the long-term benthic recovery after the P-T crisis, or in unfavourable conditions generally. Moreover, dynamic conditions with mixed clastic-carbonate sedimentation and rapidly varying salinity promoted smooth transitions from Rhizocorallium to Diplocraterion. Similar successions of dominant trace-fossil assemblages, of comparable sizes, occur in many sections around the world and demonstrate the record of slow recovery that continued through the Middle Triassic. The illustrated record of evolution of the Middle Triassic Rhizocorallium assemblages in Poland documents the last two stages of benthos recovery after the P-T boundary. A similar situation is observed around the world and, in many cases, great abundance of Rhizocorallium seems to be an indication of pioneer burrowing in dynamic, unfavourable environments.

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Integrated microfacies, macrobenthos and trace-fossil analysis of the lower‒middle Miocene succession of Gebel Gharra, Cairo-Suez District, Egypt

Mandor Mona, El Hedeny Magdy, El-Sabbagh Ahmed, Nagm Emad, Abdelaal Abdelaal, Rashwan Mohamed, Mansour Heba

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2023

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Vol. 93, No. 4

381--409

EN

The palaeoecology and palaeoenvironments of the lower–middle Miocene succession in Gebel Gharra, NW of Suez, Egypt, are interpreted, on the basis of a detailed study of microfacies, trace fossils, and macrofaunal benthic assemblages. This succession consists of a lower siliciclastic part (the Gharra Formation) and a carbonate-dominated upper part (the Geniefa Formation), corresponding to a general transgression-regression cycle. Facies characteristics indicate depositional palaeoenvironments, ranging from supratidal, lagoonal, to shoal settings on an inner ramp that was influenced proximally by clastic input. At least seven ichnotaxa were recorded in the lower Miocene Gharra Formation, representing suites of the Skolithos ichnofacies. Among them, the ichnogenus Polykladichnus is recorded for the first time in Egypt. The macrobenthic taxa identified in 13 statistical samples are grouped into five assemblages (A–E) that are described and interpreted as the remains of communities. The faunal distribution and trophic structure of most of these assemblages confirm the existence of relatively stable and low-stress conditions. However, the trophic structure of the assemblages reflects the influence of particular environmental parameters, the dissolution of aragonitic shells and/or sample-size effects. Environmental parameters, controlling the distribution of trace and/or body fossils, include substrate consistency, bathymetry, water energy, productivity level, rate of sedimentation, salinity, and oxygen availability. The results of integrated lithoand biofacies analysis confirm that the succession studied was deposited in different environmental settings, providing perfect conditions for the occurrence and preservation of trace-fossil and macrobenthos assemblages.

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Cysty Dinoflagellata z górnego kampanu i najniższego mastrychtu (górna kreda) profilu środkowej Wisły : stratygrafia i paleoekologia

Nechwedowicz Mariusz

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 10

751--760

EN

Among the rich dinoflagellate cyst assemblages recovered from the upper Campanian-lowermost Maastrichtian succession of the Middle Vistula River section (central Poland), four taxa (Callaiosphaeridium bicoronatum, Odontochitina dilatata, Oligosphaeridium araneum and Samlandia paucitabulata) have been described as new. An analysis of the distribution of particular dinoflagellate cyst taxa enabled the development of a highly resolved biostratigraphic framework, calibrated against other biozonal schemes (based, among others, on inoceramid bivalves, ammonites and belemnites), formerly established for the succession. A comparison of the Middle Vistula River record with the dinoflagellate cyst ranges documented in other European successions enabled correlations with selected sections in Belgium, the Netherlands, southern Germany and northern Italy, and with the Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary stratotype section in Tercis les Bains, southwest France. A palaeoecological analysis of the dino- flagellate cyst assemblages and of other components of phytoplankton communities revealed a well-defined trend in sea-level fluctuations (likely of eustatic origin), and palaeoclimatic changes probably related to the latest Cretaceous cooling episode, as observed elsewhere.

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The pre-Taghanic (Givetian, Middle Devonian) ecosystems of Miłoszów (Holy Cross Mts, Poland)

Halamski Adam T., Baliński Andrzej, Racki Grzegorz, Amler Michael R. W., Basse Martin, Denayer Julien, Dubicka Zofia, Filipiak Paweł, Kondas Marcelina, Krawczyński Wojciech, Mieszkowski Radosław, Narkiewicz Katarzyna, Olempska Ewa, Wrzołek Tomasz, Wyse-Jacson Patrick N., Zapalski Mikołaj K., Zatoń Michał, Kozłowski Wojciech

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2022

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Vol. 92, No. 4

323--379

EN

The middle and upper parts of the Skały Fm, Early to Middle Givetian in age, were investigated in four sections at Miłoszów Wood in the Łysogóry Region (northern region of the Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland). The dating is based on conodonts (Polygnathus timorensis Zone to the later part of the Polygnathus varcus/Polygnathus rhenanus Zone; early Polygnathus ansatus Zone cannot be excluded) and spores (Ex1–2 subzones) and, coupled with cartographic analysis and geophysical investigation, allows correlation within the strongly faulted succession. Significant lateral facies variations within the carbonate ramp depositional system in comparison with the better studied Grzegorzowice–Skały section, about 3 km distant, are documented, thanks to conodont-based correlation of both successions. Foraminifers, fungi, sponges, rugose and tabulate corals, medusozoans, microconchids and cornulitids, polychaetes (scolecodonts), molluscs (bivalves, rostroconchs, and gastropods), arthropods (trilobites and ostracods), bryozoans, hederelloids, ascodictyids, brachiopods, echinoderms (mostly crinoids, rare echinoids, holuthurians, and ophiocistoids), conodonts, fish, plants (prasinophytes, chlorophycophytes, and land plant spores), and acritarchs are present. Brachiopods are the most diverse phylum present (68 species), other richly represented groups are bryozoans and echinoderms; in contrast, cephalopods and trilobites are low in diversity and abundance. The muddy, middle to outer ramp biota (200 marine taxa, including 170 species of marine animals, 22 photoautotrophs, 6 forams) represents a mixture of allochthonous shallower-water communities (upper BA3), including storm- and possibly tsunami-affected coral mounds, and autochthonous deep-water soft-bottom brachiopod (e.g., Bifida–Echinocoelia) communities (BA 4–5). The richness and diversity of the Miłoszów biota is relatively high, comparable with other approximately coeval pre-Taghanic ecosystems during the Devonian climatic deterioration (cooling). Preliminary data indicate that in the Holy Cross Mountains, no large-scale replacement of brachiopod (and probably many other benthic ones, like crinoids) communities took place between the Early–Middle Givetian and the Early Frasnian, in contrast to the demise of the Hamilton/Upper Tully fauna in the Appalachian Basin. Such a similarity of pre- and post-Taghanic faunas does not exclude the occurrence of environmental perturbations and transient community turnovers, caused by immigrations during the Taghanic Biocrisis, but evidences the successful recovery of the indigenous biota.

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Episkeletobionts of large rugose corals from the Middle Devonian mesophotic palaeoenvironment recorded in the Pokrzywianka Beds (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

Zatoń Michał, Malec Jan, Wrzołek Tomasz, Kubiszyn Beata, Zapalski Mikołaj K.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2022

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Vol. 92, No. 4

465--484

EN

Organisms encrusting corals from a coral horizon encountered in a trench in the Middle Devonian (Givetian) Pokrzywianka Beds of the classic Grzegorzowice-Skały section in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland, are described and analyzed in the context of their palaeoecological and palaeoenvironmental background. These episkeletobionts form rather a low-diversity community, dominated by microconchid tubeworms, crinoids, and tabulate corals. The last group, however, is especially diverse at the family level, represented by auloporids, alveolitids, coenitids and favositids. These episkeletobionts are considered to have developed in a low-light, lower mesophotic palaeoeonvironment, as evidenced by the presence of platy, alveolitid tabulate coral in the deposits studied. This microconchid-crinoid-tabulate-coral community differs from other Givetian communities from the Holy Cross Mountains (Laskowa and Miłoszów), which also are considered to have developed in low-light habitats. The differences in taxonomic composition of episkeletobionts between these three localities most probably resulted from specific local conditions, related to bathymetry (light levels, nutrient levels), the specific nature of the hosts/substrates occupied, and also differences in larval dispersal patterns. This, in turn, shows that various encrusting communities may have inhabited seemingly similar, marine habitats within a given time interval and neighbouring areas, which may have serious implications for large-scale comparisons of biodiversity within a given palaeoenvironment.

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Cyclic ecological replacement of brachiopod assemblages in the top-Eifelian Dobruchna Brachiopod Shale Member (Skały Formation) of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland)

Woźniak Paweł, Halamski Adam T., Racki Grzegorz

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2022

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Vol. 92, No. 4

445--463

EN

The palaeoecology of fossiliferous shales, belonging to the upper part of the Dobruchna Brachiopod Shale Member (= set XIV) of the Skały Formation (northern Holy Cross Mountains), was studied quantitatively in a succession in the transient (1989) trench A, 5.6 m thick, near the village of Skały. The top-Eifelian strata, recording the carbonate crisis during the global Kačák Bioevent, are well known for having a particularly diverse brachiopod fauna. The four brachiopod assemblages, recognised herein, were mainly controlled by the evolving bottom-sediment properties of the outer carbonate ramp basin. Soft, unstable substrates were inhabited by the poorly-diversified Poloniproductus assemblage, associated with a distinctive, ‘incumbent’ set of largely semi-infaunal, generalist species. The pioneer community, as a result of progressive consolidation of bioclast-enriched sediment, evolved toward a more diverse biota. This consequent stabilisation of the substrate resulted in the progressive growth of crinoid thickets or bryozoan-dominated biostromes and patches, associated with rich, subordinate, sessile and vagile benthos. In this stage, diverse brachiopod assemblages were dominated by the pedunculate, eurytopic, ribbed spiriferide Eleutherokomma or specialized orthides (Aulacella, Costisorthis) in the Dobruchna Mbr, and by the expansive, large, free-lying orthotetide Xystostrophia in the overlying set XV of the Skały Fm The cyclic ecological replacement, with the characters of ecological succession in the final phase, was evidently stimulated by an irregular transition from soupy muds to a mosaic of bioclast-rich and firmer, biogenic sediments, within the cyclic pattern of distal tempestite sedimentation. The three episodes of variously reduced deposition rate, recorded in the more diverse benthos, culminated in the pioneer bryozoan/coral reef growth and abundance of epibionts, alternating with times of destructive storm activity and deposition from suspension clouds in the muddy habitats.

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Stratigraphy and palaeoenvironments in the upper Turonian to lower Coniacian of the Saxonian Cretaceous Basin (Germany) - insights from calcareous and agglutinated foraminifers

Besen Richard M., Achilles Mareike, Alivernini Mauro, Voigt Thomas, Frenzel Peter, Struck Ulrich

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2022

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Vol. 72, no. 2

159--186

EN

Upper Turonian to lower Coniacian marls of the Strehlen Formation of the Graupa 60/1 core were investigated for their foraminiferal content to add stratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental information about the transitional facies zone of the Saxonian Cretaceous Basin. Further comparison with foraminiferal faunas of the Brausnitzbach Marl (Schrammstein Formation) were carried out to clarify its relationship to the marls of the Graupa 60/1 core. Tethyan agglutinated marker species for the late Turonian to early Coniacian confirm the proposed age of the marls of the Graupa 60/1 core and the Brausnitzbach Marl. The palaeoenvironment of the marls reflects middle to outer shelf conditions. The maximum flooding zones of genetic sequences TUR6, TUR7 and CON1 could be linked to acmes of foraminiferal species and foraminiferal morphogroups. In general, a rise of the relative sea-level can be recognised from the base to the top of the marls of the Graupa 60/1 core. While agglutinated foraminiferal assemblages suggest a generally high organic matter influx and variable but high productivity in the Graupa 60/1 core, the Brausnitzbach Marl deposition was characterized by moderate productivity and a generally shallower water depth.

17

Middle and Late Pleistocene loess-palaeosol archives in East Croatia: multi-proxy palaeoecological studies on Zmajevac and Šarengrad II sequences

Molnár Dávid, Makó László, Cseh Péter, Sümegi Pál, Fekete István, Galović Lidija

Studia Quaternaria

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2021

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Vol. 38, Nr 1

3--17

EN

Multi-proxy palaeoenvironmental analyses on the two loess-palaeosol sequences of Šarengrad II and Zmajevac (Croatia) provided the opportunity to obtain various data on climatic and environmental events that occurred in the southern part of the Carpathian Basin during the past 350,000 years. Palaeoecological horizons were reconstructed using sedimentological data (organic matter and carbonate content, grain-size distribution and magnetic susceptibility) and the dominance-based malacological results (MZs) supported by habitat and richness charts, moreover multi-variate statistics (cluster analysis). The correlation of the reconstructed palaeoecological horizons with global climatic trends (Marine Isotope Stages) determined the main accumulation processes in the examined areas. The palaeoecological analyses revealed specific accumulation conditions at both sequences, fluvial and aeolian environments at Šarengrad and a possible forest refuge at Zmajevac.

18

In defence of invertebrate fossil taxonomy

Fedorowski Jerzy

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2021

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Vol. 71, no. 3

249--258

EN

Starting from a subjective viewpoint on the decreasing interest in invertebrate fossil taxonomy, this essay discusses its importance in palaeobiological studies exemplified with cases from the palaeobiogeography and palaeoecology of rugose corals, and aims at provoking a discussion on the topic. The possible causes of this negative declining trend include inherent problems of palaeontological taxonomy, and changing systems in science and higher education.

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Biostratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Dalichai Formation (Lower Cretaceous) in the eastern and central Alborz Mountains (North Iran) based on calcareous nannofossils

Shiri Rana, Hadavi Fatemeh, Hazaveh Fereshteh Sajadi

Geological Quarterly

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2020

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Vol. 64, No. 3

641--657

EN

OpracCalcareous nannofossils are described from 4 sections of the Lower Cretaceous Dalichai Formation from the Eastern (Tepal, Talu and Lavan sections) and central Alborz Mountains (Yonjezar section), Iran. Forty-two species belonging to 18 genera have been identified from the 4 sections studied, including 13 species belonging to 8 genera of ascidian didemnids only from the Tepal section. These taxa indicate the CC1-CC5 biozones of Sissingh's (1977) biozonation and an age of Berriasian to Early Barremian. The nannofossils recorded from the Dalichai Formation are generally Tethyan and cosmopolitan, while the presence of some Boreal taxa (Nannoconus abundans and N. borealis) may reflect connection between the Boreal and Tethyan realms in the Early Barremian. The sedimentary basin of the Dalichai Formation of the Tepal, Talu, and Yonjezar sections was located at low latitudes of the Tethyan realm with warm surface water. Also, trends of increasing depth and productivity, of a shift from r-selected to k-selected strategies and of a change from low-to-high mesotrophic to oligotrophic conditions, were deduced. A change from unstable to stable conditions towards the tops of sections is inferred for these localities. Laterally in the Dalichai Basin from the eastern to central Alborz, there was an increase in depth and productivity, and also a trend towards oligotrophic conditions and a dominance of low-stress conditions.owanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).

20

Palaeofloras from the Kota Formation, India: palaeodiversity and ecological implications

Chinnappa Chopparapu, Rajanikanth Annamraju, Kavali Pauline Sabina

Volumina Jurassica

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2019

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Vol. 17, no. 1

1--16

EN

The Kota Formation of the Pranhita-Godavari Basin is well known for its fossil fauna and flora especially for its silicified woods. However, the palaeoflora and its palaeoclimatic significance within the formation are poorly known. In spite of the fact that the formation yields a rich fauna and flora chronostratigraphic problems still exist. The present study aims to analyze the palaeofloras from the Kota Formation to understand their diversity and palaeoecological significance. We also describe a new species Agathoxylon kotaense belonging to the conifer family Araucariaceae. Our study shows that the flora was dominated by conifers and that it is comparable to that of the ?Late Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous Gangapur Formation, Pranhita-Godavari Basin and that of the Rajmahal Formation of the Rajmahal hills. The growth ring pattern and leaf fossil assemblage suggest that the growth conditions were seasonal, but mostly stressed.