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The impact of vehicle traffic volume on pedestrian behavior at unsignalized crosswalks

Fornalchyk Yevhen, Koda Eugeniusz, Kernytskyy Ivan, Hrytsun Oleh, Royko Yuriy, Bura Romana, Osiński Piotr, Barabash Ruslan, Humenuyk Ruslan, Polyansky Pavlo

Roads and Bridges - Drogi i Mosty

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2023

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Vol. 22, no. 2

201--219

EN

The research is focused on analyses of vehicle delays caused by pedestrian crosswalks on one-way streets. The study encompassed three particular locations of unsignalized crosswalks: on the street section between intersections, in the zone of intersection impact, and in the zone of intersection itself. The study revealed that the major impact on traffic jams is observed at a distance of 50-100 m from the unsignalized crosswalk. The study analyses pedestrian behavior and waiting time at such crosswalks. It was confirmed that the pedestrians did not immediately use their priority before passing. The paper presents the change in pedestrian waiting time when crossing the roadway depending on traffic flow. Based on that data, a model was prepared and simulations of pedestrian behavior at unsignalized crosswalks were performed.

PL

W pracy przestawiono analizę strat czasu przejazdu pojazdów spowodowane przez przejścia dla pieszych na ulicach jednokierunkowych. Badania obejmowały trzy różne lokalizacje przejść względem skrzyżowania: przejście na odcinku ulicy między skrzyżowaniami, przejście w obrębie strefy oddziaływania skrzyżowania oraz przejście w samej strefie skrzyżowania. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wykazały, że znaczący wpływ przejścia bez sygnalizacji na korki obserwuje się w odległości 50-100 m od niego. Przeanalizowano zachowanie oraz czas oczekiwania pieszych na takich przejściach. Potwierdzono, że przechodząc przez jezdnię piesi nie korzystają natychmiast z pierwszeństwa przed samochodami. W pracy przedstawiono zależność czasu oczekiwania pieszych na przejściu od natężenia ruchu pojazdów. Na podstawie uzyskanych danych przygotowano model i przeprowadzono symulacje zachowania pieszych na przejściach bez sygnalizacji.

2

Optimization of the semi-active vibration absorbers

Snitynskyy Volodymyr, Kernytskyy Ivan, Diveyev Bohdan, Horbay Orest, Fornalchyk Yevhen, Humenuyk Ruslan, Sholudko Yaroslav

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2021

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Vol. 30, No. 2

327--336

EN

In this paper, an efficient numerical approach is proposed to maximize the minimal damping of modes in a prescribed frequency range for general viscous tuned-mass systems. Methods of decomposition and numerical synthesis are considered on the basis of the adaptive schemes. The influence of dynamic vibration absorbers and basic design elastic and damping properties is under discussion. A technique is developed to give the optimal DVA’s for the elimination of excessive vibration in sinusoidal and impact forced system. One task of this work is to analyze parameters identification of the dynamic vibration absorber and the basic structure. The questions of robustness at optimization of DVA are considered. Different types of control management for semi-active DVA’s are applied. Examples of DVA’s practical implementation are presented.

3

Choice of the rational regimes of traffic light control for traffic and pedestrian flows

Fornalchyk Yevhen, Kernytskyy Ivan, Hrytsun Oleh, Royko Yuriy

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2021

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Vol. 30, No. 1

38--50

EN

The method for the choice of rational regimes of traffic light control is developed based on the minimization of the number of violations the requirements of traffic light signals by pedestrians depending on the volume-capacity ratio of traffic lanes and control of vehicular queue on the approach to the stop-line. Assessment of rationality is carried out considering the simultaneous impact of such factors as roadway volume-capacity ratio, traffic light restrictive signal duration, the number of violations of the traffic rules by pedestrians, and maximal queue length of vehicles. The model of the change of the number of violations of the rules of crossing the roadway by pedestrians depending on the volume-capacity ratio of different intersection types is developed in this paper. The model of determining the maximal vehicular queue length before intersections depending on the volume-capacity ratio and the share of the restrictive signal on the lane in the control cycle is developed. Recommendations about the choice of rational regimes of traffic light control depending on traffic delay, planning parameters of the road network, and pedestrian behavior are proposed.

4

Prospects of electrosleep therapy devices for long-distance drivers

Kernytskyy Ivan, Storchun Yevhen, Yakovenko Yevheniia, Horbay Orest, Humenuyk Ruslan, Sholudko Yaroslav

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2020

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Vol. 29, No. 4

454--460

EN

Accomulated exhaustion is a fairly common problem for long-distance truck and bus drivers on international routes. In case of uncompensated exhaustion, the driver is unable to overcome the resulting attention violations with will effort, which increases the probability of errors and accidents. The last claim is confirmed by the increase in the number of incidents after 7 h and especially 10 h of work. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to stop and fall asleep for a short time. Recovery comes in about 10–15 min of relaxation. The source of stimulation of the brain is weak impulse current, which causes sleep of varying depth and duration. Clinical studies have shown that the strongest impact is on pulses with a duration of approximately 0.3– –0.5 ms and a frequency of repetition ranging from 0.5–2 to 80–100 Hz. Current levels are typically between 50 and 5 mA. Transcranial electrotherapy is considered to stimulate endorphin production and affect the hypothalamus, causing changes in neurohormonal regulatory mechanisms and reticular formation of the brain stem. The reticular formation is involved in many behavioral reactions and has a significant impact on body functioning and thought processes. The aim of this work was to determine correlation between human brain biorhythms and electrosleep device signal by calculating mutual correlation. For this purpose, the model in MATLAB Simulink environment was developed. The encephalogram was processed using the EEGLAB tool to remove artifacts. A model in the MATLAB Simulink environment was developed to evaluate the effect of the signal characteristics of electrosleep therapy devices on brain biorhythms, with the help of which correlation coefficients were calculated.

5

Dynamic properties of screw-bolts connections of sowing machine

Snitynskyy Volodymyr, Kernytskyy Ivan, Diveyev Bohdan, Horbay Orest, Burtak Volodymyr, Humenyuk Ruslan

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2019

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Vol. 28, No. 4

584--593

EN

A vehicle is a complicated system under the influence of vibration caused by an inequality of the road surface, variable speed, unbalance of the rotating elements. The main factors influencing the relaxation of threaded connections (TC) are the amplitude, frequency and gradient of vibration. Although the frequencies of these oscillations are distributed over a wide range, the general effects of dynamic loading on bolted connections are similar. Main effects: (1) loosening the nut/bolt and (2) failure due to fatigue failure. The analysis of the technological process of agricultural machinery shows that the main external factors influencing their work are the profile of the surface of the field, the hardness and moisture of the soil, the speed of the unit, the instability of the engine, the traction of the wheels of the tractor and others. To study the integrity of TC, which is tested on the stand, consider the design scheme of nonlinear oscillations of the design in the presence of gaps in the TC. The study was conducted in two modes of movement of the drill: with tightened bolts and weakened bolts. For the survey, the method of spectral analysis of multidimensional periodically non-stationary random signals was used. In the process of testing, the dynamic loading of bolted joints installed on the respective knots and components of the drill was evaluated. From the conducted research it follows that the maximum vibrations acting on the TC of the drill may be in the vicinity of high-frequency resonances of TC. In parallel, nonlinear mathematical models of the oscillations of the seeder and the weakened TC were developed. The theoretical results qualitatively correspond to the experimental data.

6

Geometrical modeling of geodesic lines on computer gears in Novikov transmission

Nikitenko Oksana, Kernytskyy Ivan, Kovalova Galina, Kalinin Aleksandr

Journal Biuletyn of Polish Society for Geometry and Engineering Graphics

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2019

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Vol. 32

65--71

EN

The theory of geodesic lines according to the authors is of interest from an applied point of view. Since the movement of many types of mechanical systems, as well as bodies or particles in gravitational or electromagnetic fields, in a continuous medium often occur along trajectories that can be considered as geodesic of certain spaces or surfaces. When two surfaces are conjugated, the line of their contact is also geodesic. This property can be used to design conjugated cyclic helical surfaces that occur in Novikov's gearing. In this paper, the equation of the geodesic line for such surfaces is obtained by minimizing the length of the curve. To confirm the obtained results, several geodesic lines were built in the graphic editor, the beginning of which was at point P (2, 0, 0), and computer models of Novikov gears with geodesic lines applied to them were also presented.

PL

Teoria linii geodezyjnych jest interesująca z praktycznego punktu widzenia. Ruch w wielu typach układów mechanicznych, a także ruch ciał lub cząstek w polach grawitacyjnych lub elektromagnetycznych często odbywa się wzdłuż trajektorii, które można uznać za przestrzenne lub powierzchniowe linie geodezyjne. W trakcie kontaktu dwóch powierzchni linia ich styku jest również geodezyjna. Ta własność może być wykorzystana do projektowania sprzężonych cyklicznych powierzchni śrubowych, które występują w przekładni Novikova. W niniejszym artykule równanie linii geodezyjnej dla takich powierzchni otrzymano metodą minimalizacji długości krzywej jako funkcjonału. W celu potwierdzenia uzyskanych wyników, w edytorze graficznym, skonstruowano kilka linii geodezyjnych. Ponadto przedstawiono modele komputerowe przekładni Novikova z zastosowanymi do nich liniami geodezyjnymi.