Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Wykorzystanie popiołu lotnego do stabilizacji skarp wysokich hałd odpadów górniczych

Sternik Krzysztof, Olma Anna

Materiały Budowlane

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2025

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nr 3

61--66

2

Effect of intermediate principal stress on the stability of slopes

Ma Zongyuan, Liu Lei

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 71, nr 3

83--96

EN

The intermediate principal stress (𝜎2 ) effect is a mechanical property inherent in many rock and soil materials. However, the effect of 𝜎2 is often ignored in slope stability analyses, and its impact on slope stability is seldom investigated. The primary purpose of this study is to thoroughly investigate the impact of the 𝜎2 effect on slope stability via numerical method. A detailed numerical analysis using the Finite Difference Code Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC) and Unified Strength Theory (UST) is conducted. The numerical analysis evaluates the values of the Factor of Safety (FOS) for two types of slopes (plane strain and axisymmetric) using the Strength Reduction Method (SRM), and the impact of the 𝜎2 effect on slope stability is analysed. The study found that the influence of the 𝜎2 effect on slope stability is not sensitive to the values of friction angle ϕ, cohesion c, and slope height H, but increases with increasing slope angle β values. Furthermore, the stability of the plane strain slope is more affected by the 𝜎2 effect than the axisymmetric slope. The impact of the 𝜎2 effect on the footing capacity and slope stability were compared, and the impact of the 𝜎2 effect on slope stability is significantly lower than its effect on the bearing capacity of footings. The innovation of this paper is to systematically analyse the effect of 𝜎2 on slope with different geometric shapes and soil parameters and reveal the inherent characteristics of 𝜎2 effect on the stability of soil slope.

3

Analytical assessment of dynamic stability in 2D unsaturated soil slopes reinforced with piles

Sun Jiaping, Liang Chao, Yu Tiantang

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 25, no. 1

art. no. e22, 2025

EN

The stabilizing pile represents a promising solution for enhancing the seismic resilience of unsaturated slopes. This study introduces a novel analytical framework for assessing the stability of unsaturated slopes reinforced with piles, amalgamating the minimum potential energy approach with the pseudo-dynamic method. The formulation of the external potential energy arising from the self-weight of the landslide mass and seismic forces is derived. Furthermore, traditional plasticity theory is extended to unsaturated soil slopes to account for the augmenting influence of matric suction on the lateral pressure exerted by stabilizing piles. The efficacy of reinforcing unsaturated soil slopes with piles is gauged through the definition of the safety factor (SF), delineated as the ratio of resistance moment to sliding moment. Additionally, a fresh interpretation of the critical slip surface (CSS) for unsaturated soil slopes is proposed, alongside an original criterion for identifying CSS, introduced herein for the first time. The validity of the proposed methodology is substantiated through examination of three case studies, yielding results indicative of its efficacy and rationality. The analysis underscores the substantial fortifying impact of matric suction on the stability of unsaturated slopes, as well as the reinforcing influence of piles. Moreover, an exploration into the ramifications of seismic and pile-related parameters on slope performance and CSS is conducted. In conclusion, this approach serves as a valuable reference for the design of unsaturated slopes fortified with stabilizing piles.

4

Steady-state seepage through and below earthen dam under seismic condition: insights into hydrological mechanism

Tung Smita, Mukherjee Sibapriya, Garg Ankit, Tomar Radha

Acta Geophysica

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2025

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Vol. 73, no. 1

799--812

EN

Most of the studies in the literature focus on analyzing water flow within earthen dam under static condition. The objective of this study is to analyze water flow mechanisms within earthen dam under seismic condition. To achieve this purpose, a series of numerical simulations were conducted to model earthen embankment based on a real case scenario based on dam built in eastern province of India (i.e., South 24 Parganas in West Bengal). Further the effect of sheet pile as a seepage cutoff has been evaluated with variations in sheet pile length and location under steady-state settings for both static and seismic conditions. The study was carried out using FLAC2D version 5.0 and SEEP/W version 12.0 for a dam. The results show that pore pressure is high on the upstream side of the sheet pile during continuous seepage and quickly decreases along the sheet pile itself for all sheet pile positions. In seismic instances under steady-state conditions, when pore water pressure increases, the factor of safety decreases by 45% to 50% as compared to similar static cases. This is due to an increase in seepage force. As the sheet pile is cut off, the overall factor of safety increases as compared to the condition with no sheet pile. This study is though simplified; however, it provides insights into water flow pattern within earthen dam that need to be considered for preliminary design in regions, which are subjected to seismic loads.

5

Niezawodność małych oczyszczalni ścieków

Błażejewski Ryszard

Technologia Wody

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2024

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Nr 2 (84)

32-38

PL

W artykule przedstawiono aktualne problemy związane z zapewnieniem niezawodności małych oczyszczalni ścieków, które ze względu na dużą zmienność składu ścieków surowych i okresową obsługę często nie spełniają wymagań prawnych odnosi do jakości oczyszczonych ścieków. Porównano stosowane obecnie plany kontroli jakości ścieków odpływających z małych oczyszczalni, i zaproponowano; stąpienie w kolejnej nowelizacji rozporządzenia [15] planu próbkowania 4 razy w pierwszym roku z dopuszczeniem jednej próbki negatywnej przez plan poboru dwóch próbek z odstępem półrocznym, które powinny być pozytywne. Zaproponowano także wykorzystanie prostszego współczynnika bezpieczeństwa zamiast stosowanego często współczynnika niezawodne: Ten pierwszy jest odwrotnością drugiego.

EN

The article presents current problems related to ensuring the reliability of smal sewage treatment plants, which due high variability of raw sewage composition and periodic maintenance of ten do not meet the legal requirements for the quality of treated wastewater. The current plans for quality control of effluent from small plants have been compared and it has been proposed that the next amendment to the regulation [15] the plan of sampling 4 times in the first year with the admission of one negative sample should be replaced by the plan of taking two samples with an interval of six months, which both should be positive. It was also proposed to use a simpler factor of safety instead of the coefficient of reliability often used. The former is a reciprocal of the latter.

6

The effect of the coating process thermal cycle on mechanical properties of AA6061-T6 used for load-carrying elements of a space instrument: a case study

Barciński Tomasz, Kosturek Robert, Kowalski Tomasz, Bzowski Maciej, Wawrzaszek Roman, Mostowy Karol, Baran Jędrzej, Daukszo Maciej

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2024

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Vol. 72, nr 5

art. no. e150338

EN

Components used for the structure of the GLObal Solar Wind Structure experiment in the NASA Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe space mission, made of AA6061-T6 alloy, are subjected to the coating process, where the temperature affects its mechanical properties. This paper aims to examine the impact of the coating thermal cycle on the mechanical properties of AA6061-T6 alloy, which is the load-carrying material in a spaceborne instrument. As a part of the manufacturing process, the parts made of AA6061-T6 are subjected to a coating process at a temperature of about 220◦C for a time longer than 1 hour. This treatment modifies the mechanical properties of the alloy. To evaluate the consequences of this change for spaceborne components, mechanical testing, and numerical simulation were conducted. It was found that as a result of the coating process, the reduction in AA6061-T6 yield strength is about 16%, which entails a decrease in the margins of safety by 25% at its maximum.

7

Embankments Stability of an Opencast Mine with the Proposal of a New Mining Method For its Reopening (Kef Essennoun, Algeria)

Mezam M. C., Bachar Assed M. A., Ould Hamou M., Narsis Souad, Benselhoub Aissa

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2023

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no. 2, vol. 1

367--375

EN

The main purpose of our study is to treat the stability problem of the phosphate Kef Essennoun quarry in the mining field of Jebel Onk located in the Northeastern part of Algeria. To achieve these objectives, we started by monitoring the unstable area, using two monitoring systems: control stations and inclinometer. We then carried out a digital assessment of the Northwestern edge stability of the quarry, under the current operating conditions of exploitation. After that, we proposed a new operating plan for the reopening of the depot under the required security conditions. At the end, we carried out an assessment of the edge stability, as the work to reopen and develop the Kef Essennoun quarry progressed. The results show that, under the current operating conditions of exploitation, the Northwestern edge of the Kef Essennoun quarry is unstable (FS<1). The backfilling of the pilot pit of the mine, lead to the assurance of the mine walls stability, by increasing the values of safety factors with a rate of more than 30%. The backfilling of the pilot pit of the mine and the resumption of top-down mining exploitation will ensure the stability of the quarry during and after the operating exploitation mining. The study of the stability of the embankments bleachers, the edges of the quarries and the facings of the slag heaps during the open pit mining of useful ores deposits is an essential step that must be done gradually according to the development of mining works to guarantee the safety of personnel, materials, reserves and the environment.

PL

Głównym celem naszych badań jest rozwiązanie problemu stateczności kamieniołomu fosforytów Kef Essennoun w obszarze górniczym Jebel Onk zlokalizowanym w północno-wschodniej części Algierii. Aby osiągnąć te cele, rozpoczęliśmy od monitorowania niestabilnego obszaru przy użyciu dwóch systemów monitorowania: stacji kontrolnych i inklinometru. Następnie przeprowadziliśmy cyfrową ocenę stabilności północno-zachodniej krawędzi kamieniołomu w obecnych warunkach eksploatacji. Następnie zaproponowaliśmy nowy plan operacyjny dla ponownego otwarcia zajezdni w wymaganych warunkach bezpieczeństwa. Na koniec przeprowadziliśmy ocenę stabilności krawędzi w miarę postępu prac nad ponownym otwarciem i zagospodarowaniem kamieniołomu Kef Essennoun. Wyniki pokazują, że w obecnych warunkach eksploatacji północno-zachodnia krawędź kamieniołomu Kef Essennoun jest niestabilna (FS<1). Zasypanie wyrobiska pilotażowego kopalni doprowadziło do zapewnienia stabilności ścian kopalni poprzez zwiększenie wartości współczynników bezpieczeństwa o ponad 30%. Zasypanie wyrobiska pilotażowego kopalni i wznowienie odgórnej eksploatacji górniczej zapewni stateczność kamieniołomu w trakcie i po zakończeniu eksploatacji górniczej. Badanie stateczności obwałowań, krawędzi kamieniołomów i okładzin hałd żużla podczas odkrywkowej eksploatacji złóż rud użytecznych jest niezbędnym krokiem, który należy wykonywać stopniowo, zgodnie z rozwojem prac górniczych, aby zagwarantować bezpieczeństwo personelu, materiałów, zasobów i środowiska.

8

Control of Dump Stability Loading Rock on its Edge

Adamchuk Andrii, Shustov Oleksandr

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2023

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no. 1

91--96

EN

The question of the overburden rock dump formation during the development of iron ore deposits of Ukraine was considered. An analysis of the technology of forming a high single-tier dump in an abandoned deep pit was carried out. Two technology options are considered: loading rock on the slope of high single-tier dump and on its edge. The influence of the dependence of the loading rock on the edge of high single-tier dump on its stability of a has been established. The nature of the change in the width of the possible landslide prism, the safe distance of the dragline location has been established. The prospects for the formation of a high single-tier dump in the regime of controlled deformations are substantiated. For high single-tier dump the ordinary method of slices was justified and used to calculate the safety factor. Recommendations on the use of draglines available in Ukraine for forming the high single-tier dumps of overburden rock have been issued.

PL

W artykule rozważono kwestię powstawania nadkładu skalnego podczas eksploatacji złóż rudy żelaza na Ukrainie. Przeprowadzono analizę technologii formowania zwałowiska wysokiego jednopoziomowego w nieczynnym wykopie głębokim. Rozważane są dwa warianty technologiczne: załadunek skały na zboczu wysokiego zwałowiska jednopoziomowego oraz na jego krawędzi. Określono wpływ zależności skały obciążającej od krawędzi zwałowiska wysokiego jednopoziomowego na jego stateczność. Ustalono charakter zmiany szerokości ewentualnego graniastosłupa osuwiskowego oraz bezpieczną odległość położenia liny zgarniającej. Możliwości powstania wysokiego zwałowiska jednopoziomowego w reżimie kontrolowanych deformacji są uzasadnione. Dla wysokiego zrzutu jednopoziomowego zasadna była zwykła metoda przekrojów, wykorzystana do obliczenia współczynnika bezpieczeństwa. Wydano zalecenia dotyczące wykorzystania dostępnych na Ukrainie koparek do formowania wysokich jednopoziomowych zwałów nadkładu.

9

An early warning method for a slope based on the increment ratio of anchor cable internal force

Feng Jincai, Chen Jiaxin, Li Jian, Zhang Yu, Guo Jianhua, Qiu Hongyong

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 69, nr 1

553--569

EN

Prestressed anchor cables are active reinforcement to improve slope stability. However, the anchoring is not a permanent guarantee of stability, and the slope retains a potential risk of instability. From the perspective of the internal force of anchor cables, a new early warning method for the safety of the slope is provided, and a slope analysis model is established. With the increase in the strength reduction factor, the internal force increment curves of anchor cables under different prestresses are obtained. The point corresponding to strength reduction factors λ1 and λ2 represents a warning point. Key conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) The internal force of an anchor cable can be used to judge the stability of the slope strengthened by a prestressed anchor cable. (2) A warning index based on the internal force increment ratio of anchor cables is established. (3) The internal force increment ratio of anchor cables eliminates the influence of the initial prestress and is convenient for engineering applications.

10

Slope stability analysis under rainfall infiltration condition using the minimum potential energy method

Fang Weihua, You Rongqiang, Hou Hui, Sun Jiaping, Yu Tiantang

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, no. 2

art. no. e117, 2023

EN

Rainfall infiltration is a key factor to induce landslides, and it is important to study the rule of rainfall infiltration on slopes for the prediction and prevention of landslides. This paper combines the minimum potential energy method with the existing analytical solution of seepage field, and proposes a new method for unsaturated soil slopes under rainfall conditions. Specifically, the total potential energy function of the unsaturated soil slope is established by considering the real-time changes in system potential energy caused by rainfall infiltration. Additionally, the effects of rainfall infiltration on the shear strength of the soil, the self-weight of sliding mass and the seepage force are considered. The ratio of the slip resistance moment to the sliding moment is defined as the safety factor (SF) of the slope. The real-time evaluation of the stability of unsaturated soil slopes is realized during rainfall. The research results show that the results obtained by the proposed method are closer to the reference solutions. Meanwhile, the rules of rainfall intensity as well as slope angle on slope stability are conducted. Finally, the relationship between the sliding depth of failure surface and rainfall is also studied.

11

An extended 3D limit analysis of slope stability considering prestressed anchor cables reinforcement

Hong Yong, Shao Zhushan, Wu Kui, Shi Guangbin, Wu Saisai, Jiang Song

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

|

2023

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Vol. 23, no. 1

art. no. e59, 2023

EN

Prestressed anchor cables have been extensively utilized in slope reinforcement engineering. Combining limit analysis with the strength reduction method (SRM), this article presents a new method to assess the three-dimensional (3D) stability of slopes with prestressed anchor cables. Compared with traditional methods, the factor of safety (FS) calculation method is modified by considering prestressed anchor cable reinforcement by applying a horn-like shape 3D rotational failure mechanism. To validate the proposed method, comparisons between unreinforced slopes and those reinforced with a row of anchor cables are carried out using optimization algorithms and procedures. The minimum width-to-height (B/H) ratio for which the slope can be analyzed using two-dimensional (2D) analysis under different FS calculation accuracies is obtained. To evaluate the consequences of the model parameters, parametric analysis is performed, assessing the FS sensitivity, 3D effects, anchor cable axial force, anchor position, anchor orientation, slope angle, internal friction angle, and cohesion on slope stability. Additionally, slope stabilities under the reinforcement of a row and multiple rows of anchor cables are compared and analyzed. The proposed approach can guide the design and evaluation of slope reinforcement with prestressed anchor cables.

12

Kondycja dachu katowickiego Spodka w świetle aktualnych pomiarów sił w dźwigarach linowo-prętowych

Szydłowski Rafał, Łabuzek Barbara

Przegląd Budowlany

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2022

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R. 93, nr 5-6

88--92

PL

W pracy krótko opisano historię oraz układ konstrukcyjny Hali Widowiskowo-Sportowej Spodek w Katowicach. Nieco więcej uwagi poświęcono konstrukcji dachu oraz technologii jego realizacji. Przedstawiono w szczegółach budowę dachowego dźwigara linowo-prętowego, system naciągu i kontroli sił w linach nośnych. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów kontrolnych sił w siedmiu ze 120 dźwigarów dachowych prowadzone od 1971 roku obejmujące również wyniki najnowszych badań przeprowadzonych w 2021 roku. Na podstawie prezentowanych wyników omówiono historię zmiany sił w dźwigarach od oddania obiektu do użytkowania do chwili obecnej oraz poziom bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji dachu w obecnym stanie.

EN

The paper briefly describes the history and construction of the Sports and Entertainment Hall Spodek in Katowice. A little more attention was paid to the roof structure and the technology of its implementation. The structure of the roof rope-rod girder as well as the tensioning and force control system in the lifting tendons are presented in detail. The paper presents the results of control measurements of forces in seven out of 120 roof girders carried out since 1971, including the results of the latest research carried out in 2021. On the basis of the presented results, the history of changes in the forces in the girders from the commissioning of the facility to the present day and the safety level of the roof structure were discussed.

13

Wybrane metody diagnostyczne spoza obszaru klasyki badań niszczących i nieniszczących. Stale dla transportu i energetyki. Degradacja materiału elementu i jego struktury początkowej w zakresie SHM, NDT

Żurek Zbigniew Hilary

Napędy i Sterowanie

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2022

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R. 24, nr 11

60--76

PL

Badania materiału konstrukcyjnego, jak stal i jej stopy, prowadzone są na etapie końcowym ich wytwarzania, etapu produkcji, i w cyklach eksploatowania. Katastrofy, które miały miejsce w historii, zapoczątkowane były brakiem doskonałego projektowania, pomniejszaniem masy i współczynnika bezpieczeństwa, a także defektami struktury materiału o wymiarach nanometrycznych, nieleżących blisko powierzchni, a mających wpływ na współczynnik działania karbu. Opisy stosowanych przez autora metod badawczych i diagnostycznych zawarto w poniższym opracowaniu.

14

Investigating the causes of stope instability at Golden Valley Mine

Sabao Ashley Ruvimbo, Munemo Prosper, Kolapo Peter

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2022

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Vol. 21, iss. 2

128--140

EN

The study is based on mining operations that are concentrated in a ground exposed to flooding with varying stope dimensions. Stope stability was assessed in the four stopes, which resembled the mine’s different ground conditions using the stability graph complemented by the equivalent linear over break slough (ELOS) stability approach. The stability graph showed that the stopes in rock masses exposed to flooding fell in the potentially unstable and caving zones whereas the ones that were not affected by flooding fell in the stable zones. The ELOS approach showed that mining the previously flooded rock masses resulted in high over-breaks in the stopes despite them having smaller hydraulic radii. Therefore, it was deduced that although stope extension plays a part in the over-breaks experienced in different stopes, it is not the main cause of the overall stope instability. The results confirm the supposition that over-break is largely controlled by pore pressure than it is by blast induced stresses. Continuous implementation of the old support systems was no longer compatible with the state of the ground conditions. Hence, the mine should implement 6 × 8 m pillars, which have an acceptable factor of safety against failure.

15

Landslide stability analysis with the use of the design of experiments method – case study of souk ahras, Algeria

Charef Nouar, Mezhoudi Issam, Boumezbeur Abderrahmane, Harrat Nabil

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2022

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no. 4

137--150

EN

In the northeast of Algeria, Souk Ahras area is known for the severity and spread of landslides, especially in Mechroha and Zaarouria municipalities. Stability analysis of landslides in these areas depends on the calculations of safety factor according to several parameters (physical, mechanical, geological…). The aim of this study is to investigate the parameters affecting the safety factor using the design of experiments (DOE) method, central composite design (CCD) and response surfaces methodology (RSM). These methods use parameter modeling and optimization to discuss a solution of landslide hazard by developing models of safety factor (Fs) considered as response. The other parameters adopted as input independent factors are geotechnical physical and mechanical parameters such as: the dry and wet unit weight (γd, γh), the water content (w), the plasticity and liquidity limits and the plasticity index (WL, WP, IP), the percentage of fine elements Ff (%) < 0.08 mm), the cohesion C and the internal friction angle (Phi). Obtained results show high correlations with a regression coefficient R2 of 0.88 and 0.93 in the two cases study and the predicted factor of safety model fit best to those obtained in the analytical and numerical modeling procedure. The final model is applicable to give reliable results on the safety factor of landslides.

16

Reliability-Based Assessment of Galloping Instability of Thin-Walled Steel Beams

Nguyen Huu Anh Tuan

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2022

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Vol. 32, no. 2

23--35

EN

Galloping instability relating to cross-wind vibrations can be found in flexible and lightly damped structures. In the present paper, the reliability of a thin-walled steel beam in maintaining its galloping stability was examined using a probabilistic approach. The analysis considered random variation in the cross-sectional geometrical properties of the beam, the material elastic modulus, the structural damping and the wind speed. A large number of Monte Carlo simulations were performed with normal and Gumbel distributions applied to the random variables to determine the probability distribution function of the safety margin. The limit state is considered violated when the wind speed exceeds the onset wind velocity of galloping, resulting in the aerodynamic damping being greater than the structural damping. It was shown by a conventional codified safety factor method that the beam was robust enough for galloping stability. By contrast, the probability-based assessment revealed that the beam failed to achieve the target reliability index in case the coefficient of variation of wind speed was greater than 5%. The analysis results suggested that the code-satisfied slenderness of the beam should be reduced by a factor of 1.5-1.7 under the action of wind speed with a coefficient of variation in the range 30-40%.

17

Deep neural network and ANN ensemble for slope stability prediction

Gupta A., Aggarwal Y., Aggarwal P.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 116, nr 1

14--27

EN

Purpose: Application of deep neural networks (DNN) and ensemble of ANN with bagging for estimating of factor of safety (FOS) of soil stability with a comparative performance analysis done for all techniques. Design/methodology/approach: 1000 cases with different geotechnical and similar Geometrical properties were collected and analysed using the Limit Equilibrium based Morgenstern-Price Method with input variables as the strength parameters of the soil layers, i.e., Su (Upper Clay), Su (Lower Clay), Su (Peat), angle of internal friction (φ), Su (Embankment) with the factor of safety (FOS) as output. The evaluation and comparison of the performance of predicted models with cross-validation having ten folds were made based on correlation-coefficient (CC), Nash-Sutcliffe-model efficiency-coefficient (NSE), root-mean-square-error (RMSE), mean-absolute-error (MAE) and scattering-index (S.I.). Sensitivity analysis was conducted for the effects of input variables on FOS of soil stability based on their importance. Findings: The results showed that these techniques have great capability and reflect that the proposed model by DNN can enhance performance of the model, surpassing ensemble in prediction. The Sensitivity analysis outcome demonstrated that Su (Lower Clay) significantly affected the factor of safety (FOS), trailed by Su (Peat). Research limitations/implications: This paper sets sight on use of deep neural network (DNN) and ensemble of ANN with bagging for estimating of factor of safety (FOS) of soil stability. The current approach helps to understand the tangled relationship of various inputs to estimate the factor of safety of soil stability using DNN and ensemble of ANN with bagging. Practical implications: A dependable prediction tool is provided, which suggests that model can help scientists and engineers optimise FOS of soil stability. Originality/value: Recently, DNN and ensemble of ANN with bagging have been used in various civil engineering problems as reported by several studies and has also been observed to be outperforming the current prevalent modelling techniques. DNN can signify extremely changing and intricate high-dimensional functions in correlation to conventional neural networks. But on a detailed literature review, the application of these techniques to estimate factor of safety of soil stability has not been observed.

18

Optimization of heavy haul railway tunnel lining based on ultimate bearing capacity

Han Wei, Xiao Taoli, Shi Duanwen, Wang Yupeng

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 68, nr 4

493--511

EN

The optimization process of design parameters for composite lining of heavy haul railway tunnel is a key problem to be solved in tunnel engineering design. In order to put forward a better design scheme of composite lining for heavy haul railway tunnel, combined with field measurement and numerical simulation, the optimal working condition design is carried out by changing the thickness of shotcrete layer, the type of grid steel frame and the thickness of secondary lining. The influence of the above design parameters on the stress state of the composite lining is analyzed to obtain the optimal design parameters. Finally, the safety performance of the optimized lining is evaluated by the ultimate bearing capacity curve of the secondary lining section. The research shows that: 1) The optimal design parameters of the composite lining of the tunnel are the thickness of the shotcrete layer of 25 cm, the type of the grid steel frame of H180, the thickness of the secondary lining arch waist and the side wall of 40 cm and 35 cm respectively; 2) Different from the single-track heavy haul railway tunnel, the displacement value of the vault settlement of the double-track heavy haul railway tunnel is significantly greater than that of the inner convergence. Increasing the thickness of the shotcrete layer and changing the type of the grid steel frame have better effects on reducing the vault settlement, and have little effect on the inner convergence.

19

Analiza stateczności zapory ziemnej zbiornika Dzierżno Duże w warunkach filtracji nieustalonej

Sternik Krzysztof, Wolfram Eliza

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

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2021

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R. 77, nr 9-10

456--460

PL

Przeprowadzono analizę stateczności korpusu i podłoża zapory ziemnej. Wyznaczono wartości współczynnika stateczności w przypadku trzech wariantów zapory: bez przegrody przeciwfiltracyjnej, z przegrodą umiejscowioną w stopie skarpy odwodnej oraz z przegrodą w koronie zapory przy dwóch różnych poziomach piętrzenia zbiornika. Porównano wyniki obliczeń metodą elementów skończonych z wynikami uzyskanymi metodami równowagi granicznej.

EN

Stability analysis of the embankment dam and its substrate. Determination of the factor of safety for three embankment dam configurations: without an impervious barrier and with a barrier located at the upstream slope and in the crest of the dam. Two different flood surcharges taken into account. Comparison of calculation results by finite element method with results obtained by limit equilibrium methods.

20

Projekt EN 1997:202x Eurokod 7 Projektowanie geotechniczne

Bogusz Witold, Kłosiński Bolesław

Inżynier Budownictwa

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2021

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nr 2

29--34