Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Gender influence in assessing sports potential in shaping the image of the Lublin brand

Bloch Michał, Romanowski Robert, Romanowski Bartosz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

|

z. 219

89--106

EN

Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to identify and evaluate the factors influencing the creation of Lublin's sports image that are significant for women and men. The study addresses two research questions: (1) Which factors contributing to Lublin's sports potential are crucial for shaping its image depending on gender? (2) What is the hierarchical importance of dimensions that constitute Lublin's sports image according to the opinions of women and men? Design/methodology/approach: The study utilizes Anholt's Hexagon City Brands framework. Data necessary to determine the hierarchy of key factors affecting the creation of Lublin's sports image were collected through an online survey (CAWI) administered to 204 residents of Lublin. Opinions were gathered on the six dimensions of the city brand hexagon: presence, place, potential, pulse, people, and conditions. The study tests three hypotheses: (H1) The hierarchy of factors determining the sports image of the city differs by gender; (H2) The dimension of presence contributes most significantly to shaping Lublin’s sports image among men; (H3) The dimension of pulse contributes most significantly to shaping Lublin’s sports image among women. The second hypothesis is conditioned by considering the results of the sports teams in the presence dimension, while the third hypothesis is based on the consideration of residents' sports activities. Findings: The study reveals minor differences in the hierarchy of factors determining the sports image of Lublin in the opinions of women and men. The most significant dimension for the city, as rated by both genders, is pulse (with an average score of 4.05; 4.09 for women and 4.01 for men). The second strongest dimension is conditions (with an average score of 4.01; 4.10 for women and 3.92 for men). Following dimensions are ranked in order of average ratings: potential (3.63; 3.71 for women and 3.56 for men), presence (3.42; 3.42 for women and 3.43 for men), place (3.14; 3.24 for women and 3.07 for men), and people (2.97; 2.94 for women and 3.01 for men). Thus, Hypothesis H1 is accepted as the hierarchy of factors shaping the sports image of Lublin differs significantly by gender, with conditions and pulse being the most important dimensions for women and men respectively. Hypothesis H2 is rejected, as the most critical dimension shaping the sports image of Lublin for men is not presence but pulse. Similarly, hypothesis H3 is also rejected, as the most important dimension shaping the sports image of Lublin for women is conditions rather than pulse as hypothesized. If hypothesis H3 were subjected to falsification, assuming that both pulse and conditions are important for women, it could be accepted in this revised form. Practical Implications: The findings of this study provide a basis for formulating practical recommendations concerning the development of Lublin's sports infrastructure, as these factors are rated as the most important for the city. There is also a need to cautiously avoid promoting sports clubs exclusively as city landmarks, as their operational ratings heavily depend on the current situation in their respective leagues. Furthermore, the authorities of Lublin should focus on attracting high-ranking sports events, both national and international, as they enjoy high approval from both genders, bring visibility to the city, boost the local economy, and help distinguish Lublin among other Polish metropolises. There is also a need for greater involvement of city authorities in the creation and development of sports infrastructure and promotion of sports activities in the city. Originality/Value: This article presents an original study concerning the potential use of sports in shaping a city’s image. Its originality lies in the novel application of Anholt's City Brand Hexagon for a selected set of factors (representing city’się identity) perceived by respondents to contribute to the image of the city.

2

Factors influencing customers’ purchasing decisions in the foodservice market, taking into account the moderating effect of customers’ gender

Czernyszewicz Eugenia, Król Jolanta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

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z. 215

35--50

EN

Purpose: This study aims to determine the influence of selected attributes on customers' purchasing decisions in the food service market, considering the moderating effect of customers' gender. Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted in 2023 on a group of 262 economically active Generation Y people using catering establishments in one of the large cities of eastern Poland. The research tool was a survey questionnaire and the research method used was a diagnostic survey. Findings: This study confirmed the moderating effect of gender on the frequency of attendance at different types of catering establishments, the identification of organoleptic characteristics that characterise a high-quality meal, the evaluation of the fulfilment of expectations regarding the food ordered, the perception of the manifestation of hygiene principles in the establishment, and the opinion that the maintenance of cleanliness in the establishment influences the quality of the meals offered. Research limitations/implications: The survey was conducted among customers of catering establishments in only one major city in Poland. The respondents' characteristics included economically active people of Generation Y and their gender. Therefore, conducting similar research among people representing other generations, such as Generation Z or millennials, would be advisable. In addition, the scope of this research could be broadened to include issues related to the specific circumstances of eating in catering establishments, particular expectations regarding the organoleptic qualities of meals, and hygiene issues. Practical implications: Investigating the key factors influencing customers' choice of catering establishments can help businesses understand customers' perceptions of key factors when choosing an establishment and create appropriate marketing strategies to attract existing and potential customers and outperform competition. Social implications: Given the complex phenomenon of eating out, our study extends our understanding of the relative importance of criteria to customers when choosing a type of dining establishment. Originality/value: The survey results are an important contribution to understanding the opinions of catering establishments and the purchasing behaviour of consumers using these establishments, particularly concerning perceptions of hygiene compliance and the quality of food served, the frequency and purpose of visits, and the type of catering establishments chosen.

3

Association between gender and opinion about smart city

Misiak-Kwit Sandra, Fernando K. Shihan D., Mierzejewska Anna, Wiścicka-Fernando Małgorzata

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

|

z. 220

7--19

EN

Purpose: The paper aims to provide new insights into the opinions of women and men about selected smart city areas. Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted using CATI and CAWI methods, involving respondents from two Polish cities — Szczecin and Koszalin. The survey assessed participants' opinions of various aspects of smart cities through the analysis of four chosen areas. The analysis is based on quantitative data, where Chi-square test for independence was utilised. Findings: In Szczecin, the first hypothesis yielded significant relationships, indicating that the opinions of specific smart city areas are indeed influenced by residents' gender. In contrast, the data from Koszalin revealed two significant relationships, indicating that opinions may be more susceptible to gender-based variations. Research limitations/implications: A limitation of the study is that it is based solely on respondents from two cities, which may restrict its generalizability to other regions. The study is a pilot study. Future research could consider diverse locations, additional demographic factors, and an in-depth analysis of the relationship between gender and subjective opinions on various areas of smart cities. Practical implications: The findings of the study may be utilized by city managers in designing urban spaces that more effectively meet the diverse needs of women and men. Such an approach can contribute to increased acceptance of initiatives and greater resident satisfaction. Social implications: Incorporating a gender perspective into urban planning promotes more inclusive and informed decision-making, contributing to the development of spaces that meet the needs of all residents, thereby strengthening social cohesion and supporting sustainable development. Originality/value: The study provides an innovative perspective on the diverse perceptions of urban innovations by women and men, contributing to the literature on urban space management from a gender perspective and residents' quality of life.

4

Gender imbalances in e-work environments: a transnational data analysis

Caganova Dagmar, Sliva Ales, Beno Michal

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2025

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Vol. 31, No. 2

24--37

EN

E-work came to the fore as a strong equalizer when women started participating increasingly in this work environment due to the dismantling of geographical barriers and the absence of their physical presence in the workplace. In post-COVID workplaces, the participation of employees in duties and the distribution of duties among employees reappeared. The main objective of this study is to examine the status quo of the modern workplace from the workforce’s point of view in terms of gender equality. The authors analysed the gender imbalances in e-work environments in Austria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. A quantitative analysis based on primary data obtained through a Microsoft Forms Survey was carried out in this study. In consequence, the following research question was explored: Can e-work lower gender imbalances? Six hypotheses were formulated, and three (H1, H2 and H4) were confirmed. It was found that the e-workforce does not take gender into account, and this view is held significantly more often by men, by employees aged 22-27 and by employees from Austria. It is held in terms of fair play in being in the remote work environment and that it is the quality of the work that matters. Females agree significantly more often with the statement that the modern work environment entails an equal call for all genders. Work has changed in many ways, but gender imbalance persists. Serious nation-to-nation differences in gender imbalances, including in e-work environments, persist globally, with some countries, in our study Austria, making notable improvement, while, as our study shows, others, like the Czech Republic and Slovakia, lag behind. But full gender parity has not been reached yet.

PL

Praca elektroniczna zyskała na znaczeniu jako silny czynnik wyrównujący szanse, gdy kobiety zaczęły coraz częściej uczestniczyć w tym środowisku pracy dzięki zniesieniu barier geograficznych i braku konieczności fizycznej obecności w miejscu pracy. W miejscach pracy po pandemii COVID ponownie pojawiła się kwestia udziału pracowników w wykonywaniu obowiązków i podziału obowiązków między pracowników. Głównym celem niniejszego badania jest zbadanie status quo współczesnego miejsca pracy z punktu widzenia pracowników pod kątem równości płci. Autorzy przeanalizowali nierówności płci w środowiskach pracy elektronicznej w Austrii, Czechach i na Słowacji. W ramach badania przeprowadzono analizę ilościową opartą na danych pierwotnych uzyskanych za pomocą ankiety Microsoft Forms. W rezultacie zbadano następujące pytanie badawcze: Czy praca elektroniczna może zmniejszyć nierówności płci? Sformułowano sześć hipotez, z których trzy (H1, H2 i H4) zostały potwierdzone. Stwierdzono, że pracownicy zdalni nie uwzględniają kwestii płci, a pogląd ten jest znacznie częściej podzielany przez mężczyzn, pracowników w wieku 22-27 lat oraz pracowników z Austrii. Wynika to z przekonania o zasadach fair play w środowisku pracy zdalnej oraz o tym, że liczy się jakość pracy. Kobiety znacznie częściej zgadzają się ze stwierdzeniem, że nowoczesne środowisko pracy wymaga równego traktowania wszystkich płci. Praca zmieniła się pod wieloma względami, ale nierówności płci nadal istnieją. Poważne różnice między krajami w zakresie nierówności płci, w tym w środowiskach pracy elektronicznej, utrzymują się na całym świecie, przy czym niektóre kraje, w naszym badaniu Austria, odnotowały znaczną poprawę, podczas gdy inne, jak Czechy i Słowacja, pozostają w tyle. Jednak pełna równość płci nie została jeszcze osiągnięta.

5

Non-standard forms of employment and the need for stability – the perspective of working women in Poland

Bąk-Grabowska Dominika, Cierniak-Emerych Anna, Dziuba Szymon, Grzesik Katarzyna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 201

37--47

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to empirically verify the scope to which women in Poland work in non-standard forms, as well as assessment of these forms in comparison to standard forms, taking into account satisfaction of the need for employment stability. Design/methodology/approach: The article presents the results of quantitative research conducted using the CAWI technique. The research was conducted on a representative sample of 1000 economically active Polish citizens. Findings: The research results show that on the labour market in Poland, working in non- standard forms of employment affects both women and men to a similar degree. In comparison to non-standard forms of employment, standard forms are considered to better satisfy the interests of employees. From the perspective of working women in Poland, work in standard forms better satisfies the need for employment stability. Research limitations/implications: The research was conducted in Poland, therefore the results do not take into account forms of employment specific to other countries. There is a need to conduct research in this regard that would take into account the effect of factors that appeared after the study period. Going forward, it would also be necessary to take into account factors that will impact on the labour market, for example changes in legal provisions. Practical implications: Taking into consideration the needs of employees is in line with the concept of sustainable human resources management. Ensuring employees work in stable conditions may be linked with greater investment by employers in their development and building their long-term employability, as well as having a positive impact on their well-being. Originality/value: The research results are based on a representative sample that takes into account age and gender, contributing to knowledge on the use of non-standard forms of employment in Poland in relation to research results published by the Central Statistical Office (GUS). Demonstration of the lack of differences between women and men in assessing the fulfilment of employee needs, including the need for employment stability, points to a tendency towards the blurring of differences between the functioning of women and men on the labour market.

6

Employment insecurity as an example of psychosocial risk at work - analysis of gender differences

Sadłowska-Wrzesińska Joanna, Nejman Żaneta, Fiderer-Urbaniak Magdalena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 200

389--402

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to identify the feelings related to the development of automation, robotization and artificial intelligence, taking into account potential gender differences in the examined area. Design/methodology/approach: The goal was achieved by using theoretical analysis of the problem and empirical research. Empirical research was conducted in 2023 using an own survey in the Greater Poland Voivodeship among employees of various industries (n = 189). Findings: There are no significant differences between genders in feelings towards the development of artificial intelligence in the work environment. The results of the analysis of our own research did not confirm the fears and anxieties reported in the literature on the subject. Research limitations/implications: Due to the pilot study being conducted, certain limitations may be the small sample and the specificity of the industry and positions held (the study was conducted primarily on a group of so-called knowledge workers and administrative employees). Practical implications: Women feel a greater need for legal regulations regarding artificial intelligence than men, and they also show a more positive attitude towards the development of technology and artificial intelligence. It is worth using these conclusions when planning the implementation of new technologies in the company. Social implications: AI technology is developing at an unprecedented pace, opening up unlimited possibilities for people and significantly impacting their personal and professional lives. The lack of significant gender differences in the approach to modern technologies allows us to refute some gender stereotypes. Originality/value: While the issue of psychosocial occupational risks has been the subject of many studies and analyzes for years, the problem of gender differences in the discussed area constitutes a significant research gap.

7

Selected antropometric characteristic of swimmers vs . kinematics of the swimming start

Rudnik Daria, Fonseca Pedro, Soares Susana, Colomina Raúl Arellano, Fernandes Ricardo J., Vilas-Boas João Paulo, Rejman Marek

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2024

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nr 3(88)

25--44

EN

We researched for relationships between selected anthropometric parameters of the elite swimmers and their performance considering the biomechanical structure of the swimming start as well as preferred back plate position. The study group consisted of 13 female and 14 male swimmers. First, anthropometric measures were obtained with a 3D scanner (Mephisto EX-PRO, 4D Dynamics Bvba, Belg). Subsequently, participants performed a kick-start. An instrumented starting block and four video cameras were used to collect kinematic data of the starts. The footage was analyzed using SIMI Motion software. Then Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated. Athletes of both sexes with greater body height and longer upper limbs preferred to position the back plate further from the front of the starting block (r > 0.5). The duration of the push-off phase decreased with increasing body height and lower limb length (r = 0.64; r = 0.68). Males with higher body mass and longer upper limbs covered a longer distance during the flight phase (r = 0.75; r = 0.58). In the female group, a positive correlation was shown for torso length and flight time and distance (r = 0.67; r = 0.74). Males with higher body mass had shorter total start time (r = -0.67). Conscious individual choice of the starting position can result in an improvement in the quality of the swimming start. The obtained results allow for monitoring and evaluation of the individual technique of the swimming start and thus improve the training process.

PL

W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę określenia wpływu wybranych cech antropometrycznych pływaków najwyższej klasy sportowej na skuteczność wykonania skoku startowego w aspekcie biomechanicznym oraz preferowanym przez nich ustawieniem tylnego panelu platformy startowej. Grupę badawczą stanowiło 13 kobiet oraz 14 mężczyzn. Pomiary antropometryczne wykonano w oparciu o obraz z skanera 3D (Mephisto EX-PRO, 4D Dynamics Bvba, Belgia). Do zebrania danych opisujących kinematyczną strukturę „kick-startu” wykorzystano: platformę startową, cztery kamery video oraz urządzenie nadające sygnał startu umożliwiające jednocześnie synchronizację elementów toru pomiarowego a także komputer wraz z dedykowanym oprogramowaniem. Zebrany materiał filmowy został poddany analizie wykorzystując oprogramowanie SIMI Motion System (SIMI Reality Motion Systems GmbH, Niemcy). W celu określenia zależności pomiędzy rozpatrywanymi parametrami wykonano analizę korelacji Pearsona. Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały, że sportowcy obu płci charakteryzujący się większą wysokością ciała oraz dłuższym ramieniem preferują ułożenie panelu tylnego dalej od przedniej krawędzi platformy startowej (r > 0.5). Czas odbicia od platformy startowej wydłużał się wraz z wzrostem wysokości ciała oraz długości kończyny dolnej (r = 0.64; r = 0.68). Mężczyźni o większej masie ciała i dłuższym ramieniu pokonywali dłuższy dystans podczas fazy lotu (r = 0.75; r = 0.58). Pływacy o wyższej masie ciała potrzebowali mniej czasu na pokonanie dystansu 15 m od linii startu (r = -0.67). Uzyskane wyniki ujawniły zbiór cech antropometrycznych mogących mieć istotny wpływ na skuteczność pływackiego skoku startowego. Istnieją przesłanki by sądzić, że świadomy wybór pozycji startowej w oparciu o indywidualny profil antropometryczny zawodnika może skutkować poprawą jakość techniki wykonania kolejnych elementów skoku startowego. W tym sensie uwzględniając specyfikę profilu cech antropometrycznych zawodnika można zindywidualizować proces monitorowania potencjału sportowego, zobiektywizować ocenę wykonania poszczególnych elementów techniki wykonania skoku startowego a tym samym usprawnić proces treningowy.

8

The role of gender as an independent determinant of entrepreneurship (evidence from Poland)

Jegorow Dorota, Przyłuska-Schmitt Judyta, Szigetvári Tamás, Bučková Jaroslava

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 176

169--184

EN

Purpose: The issue of gender in analyzes concerning entrepreneurship is part of numerous items, most of which focus on showing the worse situation of women, often equated with discrimination. Qualitative analyzes are often directly linked to a clear predominance of men in the population of entrepreneurs. This study is of a theoretical-cognitive nature. By emphasizing the prevailing gender discrimination, structural inequalities, and lack of consensus within the scientific community, the article contributes to the ongoing discussion on women's entrepreneurship and the challenges they face. The quantitative nature of the study aims to determine the ratio of women to men engaged in entrepreneurial activities during the social, economic, and political changes that have taken place in Poland over the past three decades. The research problem was embedded in the conception of natural differences between the number of women and men as entrepreneurs wherein the criteria of sustainable development, with convergent entrepreneurial intentions of both sexes. Design/methodology/approach: The study is theoretical and cognitive in nature. The article uses statistical tools in benchmarking and regression to present a quantitative pattern of entrepreneurship in Poland. The quantitative analysis was preceded by a review of the literature. Findings: The obtained results indicate that the quantitative structure of the self-employed in terms of gender is quasi-constant. The dominance of men in the population of entrepreneurs does not change over time, and it remains in constant relative relation to the number of women entrepreneurs, regardless of changes in the external environment. Similar arrangements apply to entrepreneurs' decisions regarding liquidation, suspension, and resumption of economic activity. Research limitations/implications: The completed study has limitations related to the adopted time limit of the public reporting system. Research limitations are also present in quantitative terms that ignore the context. Practical implications: In practical terms, they constitute a considerable incentive to revise the formulated EU development strategies and the programs implemented as part of public policies that influence the Polish economy. he obtained results are part of the literature that undermines the effectiveness of interventionism, in this case related to the creation of preferences for women. Social implications: The gender issue in entrepreneurship is important. However, too often these issues are presented in public debate, where the arguments are belief, not science. The article is an important voice in current global discussions on inequality, including discrimination. Originality/value: The obtained results are supplemented by quantitative research on entrepreneurship, considering the gender of the entrepreneur. The applied research approach in the area of quantitative material and statistical tools is innovative.

9

Mobile buying bahavior during the Covid-19 pandemic –the case of Poland

Fernando Kelaniyage Shihan Dilruk, Misiak-Kwit Sandra

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 173

131--143

EN

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to understand the mobile buying behavior of Polish respondents in terms of the number of transactions per month during the Covid-19 pandemic time. The respondents' gender and place of residence were taken into consideration as chosen socio-demographic characteristics. Design/methodology/approach: The field survey method was applied to collect the primary data. Descriptive and inferential statistics that include the matched-pair test, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and the chi-square test of independence were applied for the primary data analysis. Findings: According to the chi-square test of independence, such socio-demographic characteristics as gender, place of residence, women’s place of residence and men’s place of residence in relation to mobile buying behavior are independent. The results of the matched-pair test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test in the large and medium cities show that there is a significant difference in the average number of mobile shopping transactions per month before and during pandemic time. Research limitations/implications: The authors suggest conducting the same analysis with a larger sample size to generalize the phenomena. Practical implications: In order to stay competitive on the market, enterprises should constantly develop mobile distribution channels. Moreover, while communicating with a mobile shopper, enterprises can create similar messages, despite the gender and / or place of residence of the receivers. Originality/value: The findings will be helpful to FMCG-related marketing decision-makers and mobile shopping-related app developers.

10

Analysis of pedestrian characteristics crossing along roads

Asmael Noor M., Waheed Mohanned Q.

Transport Problems

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2023

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T. 18, z. 4

189--200

EN

Pedestrian crossing represents a substantial problem. In Iraq, there are no spaces marked specifically for pedestrians, which causes many conflicts between vehicles and pedestrians that lead to many accidents. The pedestrian death rate has increased recently due to the deficiency in adequate pedestrian infrastructure. However, to date, limited research has measured pedestrian behavior at crossing intersections in Iraq. There is a need to carry out in-depth studies to analyze crossing behavior to increase traffic efficiency and pedestrian crossing safety. Pedestrian crossing behavior is a serious issue to be addressed to provide adequate pedestrian facilities to enhance the pedestrian traffic environment. Road safety can be improved by locating crossing locations at the right locations and enforcing laws for pedestrian crossing. This study analyzes pedestrian crossing behavior in Baghdad City, Iraq, for four intersections at an unmarked crossing in the Central Business District (CBD) area. All required data were collected by video recording and a field questionnaire. Then, the data were extracted from video recordings and classified according to the selected variables. The period for observing the behavior was during the morning peak hours (November; time: 8:00 to 9:00 a.m.) for three days per week during normal conditions. This study examines pedestrian characteristics, vehicle/pedestrian flow characteristics, and traffic environment. Crossing patterns were followed for different gender and age groups. The finding reveals that the mean pedestrian speed is 1.33 m/sec. Also, males have a higher speed than females. The influences of age, gender, group size, and road width significantly affected pedestrian speed. The pedestrian speed decreased as pedestrian age increased. Gender and group size had significant effects on distinct crossing speeds. In addition, there is a weak significant correlation between pedestrian speed and selected variables. The study recommended specific marked places where a pedestrian must be located, and according to the pedestrian speed estimated in this study, a signal control for a pedestrian is recommended to be set up beside the street to organize the crossing with appropriate time for crossing safely.

11

Promoting Gender Equality and Awareness in the Vietnamese Mining Sector: Perceptions, Challenges, and Policy Recommendations

Pham Minh Hang, Pham Thi Luong, Nguyen Thi Hoai Nga, Pham Kien Trung

Inżynieria Mineralna

|

2023

|

no. 2, vol. 1

235--238

EN

Females in the industry nowadays have been offered many opportunities to develop their careers. However, the chances are not the same in different areas or sectors. This study investigated the perceptions and understanding of gender-related issues in the mining sector among potential young workers and industry experts in Vietnam. The study employs Oxfam's Gender Impact Assessment Guidelines for extractive industries and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women - CEDAW's Women's Economic and Social Rights Framework to assess gender-related issues in the mining sector. A survey of 207 students in Hanoi was conducted, besides focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with gender and mining experts. Findings reveal significant differences in knowledge and awareness of gender issues between students, emphasizing the need to integrate gender knowledge into specialized fields such as mining. In addition, professionals working solely in the mining sector demonstrated a lack of sensitivity to gender issues. Consequently, the study recommends capacity building, seminars, and exchanges to help mining professionals incorporate a gender perspective into their activities. Current policies exhibit gender neutrality, indirectly excluding women's participation and compromising men's safety in the mining sector. The study proposes policy recommendations for enhancing the protection of workers in the mining industry and promoting gender equality. These include incorporating gender perspectives into relevant laws, raising awareness of gender issues among policymakers and professionals, and increasing the mining sector's presence in the media to encourage youth to pursue careers in this field.

12

The impact of diversity on job performance: evidence from private universities in Egypt

Said Dina, Youssef Dina, El-Bayaa Nourhan, Alzoubi Yehia Ibrahim, Zaim Halil

Acta Innovations

|

2023

|

no. 49

17--30

EN

Employees from diverse backgrounds have been claimed to perform better; nevertheless, this link has been studied sparingly in the Egyptian setting. This paper addresses this gap by experimentally analyzing the link between employee performance and gender, educational background, and ethnic background. To investigate this link, a usable model was created, and data was collected from 269 academic staff members at private Egyptian institutions. PLS analysis was used, and the result revealed that educational and ethnic backgrounds have a positive effect on employees’ job performance whereas, the impact of gender background on employee’s job performance was found to be insignificant. Furthermore, the research findings disclose that the education and ethnic background of the employees mediates the relationship between employees’ job performance and gender diversity. Future research is yet to validate these results.

13

Long-term emigration of Polish women from the perspective of motives and consequences in the professional field

Wesołowska Małgorzata

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

|

z. 159

475--488

EN

Purpose: Contemporary international migration more and more often concerns educated women who perceive emigration as an opportunity to improve their living conditions, earn higher wages, better use their competences or explore other cultures. The aim of this paper is to present long-term emigration of Polish women from the perspective of motives and consequences in the professional area. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative study in the form of a questionnaire survey was conducted on a group of 126 women, followed by 10 in-depth interviews. Findings: Most female respondents were motivated by several factors combining financial and living aspects or those related to self-development and curiosity about the world. Long-term emigration also had a significant impact on women's professional development. Almost half of the respondents improved their formal qualifications through studies or certified trainings confirming their language skills, specialisation or qualifications to perform a job. On the other hand, almost all respondents acquired new or developed their existing knowledge and skills by performing diverse and complex tasks, self-education, instructions from more experienced colleagues or internal training. Research limitations/implications: The main limitations of the research relate to the size of the sample, which, given the scale of Polish emigration, could have been larger. Social implications: Understanding the motives of long-term emigration of Polish women can help decision-makers create better public policies in order to create better conditions for personal and professional life. This will help to keep valuable human capital in the economy. Originality/value: The paper presents the current motives of long-term emigration of Polish women, which, as it has been shown, have changed over the last few decades. The added value of research on migration is also the demonstration of the impact of long-term emigration of women on their professional development.

14

Digital competences of generation Z in the area of work and professional development

Kowalczyk Elżbieta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 159

169--182

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to elaborate the structure of the concept of functional digital competences for young adults in the area of work and professional development, and to develop a tool for measuring it. Design/methodology/approach: Based on theoretical assumptions (Klimczuk et al., 2015; Nikodemska, 2016; Tarkowski et al., 2015) as well as empirical verification, the author elaborated a five-factor model of digital competences and a special questionnaire for measuring this concept was prepared. Author used such statistic methods as the EFA, the CFA, the Mann 12 Whitney U test, the Student’s t-test for independent samples, the Spearman’s rho correlation. Findings: The elaborated tool and model was validated and, in the majority, the socio 14 demographic factors (such: age, gender, education level, employability) affecting functional digital competencies were also statistically significant. Research limitations: the study include a relatively small research sample as well as its geographic scope was narrow – the research was conducted at a university of economics in Poland among a group where the school-to-work transition occurs smoothly, and the periods of education and work often overlap. The findings could also be affected by the situation related to the Covid-19 pandemic and the resulting major shift of the entire society to online activity. Practical implication: The results show the areas of competency deficiencies in Polish Z generation and could help, by special developing programmes, make them more competitive on the European young people's labour market. Social implication: The development of a society’s digital competences is crucial because in an information society they are the ticket to a successful career and a comfortable, high-quality life. Originality/value: The paper presents the new model and a dedicated measuring tool to assess digital competences of generation Z in the area of work and professional development. It’s addressed to educators, employers, and specialists elaborating programme of society’s digitalization.

15

Identification of the effects of neuro-linguistic programming techniques in managerial environment in the context of gender differences

Birknerová Zuzana, Benková Eva, Lajčin Daniel, Urbański Mariusz

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2022

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Vol. 26, No. 2

60--74

EN

The primary aim of the research was to find out statistically significant differences in the assessment of selected NLP techniques (representational systems, rapport, pacing, leading) by female and male managers who attended and did not attend an NLP course. The research used an NLPT questionnaire (neuro-linguistic programming techniques). The data were collected from 124 managers - 58 female and 66 male managers at all levels of management. The results show that the respondents who attended an NLP course evaluated the examined NLP techniques more positively. Gender differences and the interaction between gender and completion of the NLP course by assessing the NLP techniques were not confirmed. A statistically significant relation was identified only at a level of selected items of NLPT methodology. The study brought new findings in the research of measuring the NLP techniques’ effects in relation to gender and contributed to the knowledge and theory of NLP techniques in the context of gender differences in the managerial environment.

PL

Podstawowym celem badań było znalezienie statystycznie istotnych różnic w ocenie wybranych technik NLP (systemów reprezentacji, relacji, tempa, przywództwa) przez menedżerów i menedżerów, którzy uczestniczyli i nie uczestniczyli w kursie NLP. W badaniach wykorzystano kwestionariusz NLPT (neurolingwistyczne techniki programowania). Dane zebrano od 124 menedżerów - 58 kobiet i 66 mężczyzn menedżerów wszystkich szczebli zarządzania. Wyniki pokazują, że respondenci, którzy uczestniczyli w kursie NLP, lepiej oceniali badane techniki NLP. Różnice płciowe i interakcja między płcią a ukończeniem kursu NLP poprzez ocenę technik NLP nie zostały potwierdzone. Istotna statystycznie zależność została zidentyfikowana jedynie na poziomie wybranych pozycji metodologii NLPT. Badanie przyniosło nowe wyniki w badaniach pomiaru efektów technik NLP w odniesieniu do płci oraz przyczyniło się do poznania i teorii technik NLP w kontekście różnic płciowych w środowisku menedżerskim.

16

Public health management in a crisis situation: alcohol consumption in terms of socio-economic status

Gavurova Beata, Ivankova Viera, Kubak Matus

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 24, No. 1

80--95

EN

In order to strengthen public health management, the main aim of the study was to identify possible changes in alcohol consumption during the health crisis, classified according to the socio-economic status of the Slovak population. The research sample consisted of 506 respondents (33% males and 67% females), and data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed from 29th of April 2020 to 1st July 2020. A crosstabulation showed that alcohol consumption did not change in about half of the respondents, while the majority of the remaining respondents reported a decrease in alcohol consumption compared to those who reported an increase. Females were more stable in their drinking than males. Correspondence analysis showed that high-income males (2500 to 2999 EUR) were more likely to drink excessively. Conversely, high-income females reported much less alcohol consumption. Health care professionals should pay increased attention to alcohol consumption in vulnerable groups at risk of developing an addiction. The findings of this study provide valuable information for improving public policy management and for effective decision-making in public health.

PL

W celu wzmocnienia zarządzania zdrowiem publicznym, głównym celem badania była identyfikacja możliwych zmian w spożyciu alkoholu podczas kryzysu zdrowotnego, sklasyfikowanych według statusu społeczno-ekonomicznego ludności słowackiej. Próba badawcza składała się z 506 respondentów (33% mężczyzn i 67% kobiet), a dane zostały zebrane za pomocą ankiety internetowej rozprowadzanej od 29 kwietnia 2020 r. do 1 lipca 2020 r. Tabela krzyżowa wykazała, że spożycie alkoholu nie zmieniło się w około połowie badanych, podczas gdy większość pozostałych respondentów zgłosiła spadek spożycia alkoholu w porównaniu z tymi, którzy zgłosili wzrost. Kobiety były bardziej stabilne w piciu niż mężczyźni. Analiza korespondencji wykazała, że mężczyźni o wysokich dochodach (2500 do 2999 euro) częściej nadużywali alkoholu. Z drugiej strony kobiety o wysokich dochodach zgłaszały znacznie mniejsze spożycie alkoholu. Pracownicy służby zdrowia powinni zwracać większą uwagę na spożywanie alkoholu w grupach wrażliwych, zagrożonych uzależnieniem. Wyniki tego badania dostarczają cennych informacji na temat poprawy zarządzania polityką publiczną oraz skutecznego podejmowania decyzji w zakresie zdrowia publicznego.

17

Rola kobiet w miejskim i aglomeracyjnym transporcie publicznym

Suchorzewski Wojciech

Transport Miejski i Regionalny

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2020

|

nr 2

28--34

PL

Artykuł dotyczy roli kobiet jako pracowników przedsiębiorstw świadczących usługi w miejskim transporcie publicznym. Temat jest znaczący nie tylko z powodu nierównego traktowania kobiet. Aktualnym problemem sektora są kłopoty kadrowe, wynikające z ograniczonego obecnie zainteresowania mężczyzn pracą w branży, w tym na kluczowych stanowiskach (zarządzanie, obsługa klientów i prowadzenie pojazdów), na których kobiety się sprawdzają. Dokonano przeglądu sytuacji w Polsce i krajach Unii Europejskiej. Przedstawiono skrótowo wyniki dofinansowywanych przez UE projektów/badań WISE I i WISE II oraz informacje o działaniach innych podmiotów. W ostatnich latach w polityce unijnej oraz organizacji takich jak UITP i związki zawodowe podjęto wiele działań promujących i wspierających zatrudnienie kobiet w transporcie miejskim. Tematem związanym z rolą kobiet jest bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego. Wyniki badań dowodzą, że jedną z korzyści zatrudniania kobiet na stanowiskach kierowców autobusów i motorniczych jest zredukowane ryzyko powodowania wypadków. Nie oznacza to ograniczenia działań do tej grupy zawodowej. W wielu przedsiębiorstwach rośnie udział kobiet na stanowiskach kierowniczych. Jako czynniki wpływające pozytywnie na wzrost zainteresowania kobiet pracą w miejskim transporcie zbiorowym wymieniane są: umiejętność pogodzenia pracy i życia rodzinnego/ społecznego, zdrowie i bezpieczeństwo w miejscu pracy, kultura pracy, wynagrodzenie, perspektywy awansu i podnoszenia kwalifikacji.

EN

The article presents the role of women working in urban public transport companies. The topic is important not only because of unequal treatment of men and women in the sector. The current issue of the sector is the human resources problem, resulting from the currently limited interest of men in working in transport services including the key positions (management, customer service and driving) where women prove their quality and effectiveness. The current state in Polish companies and in other EU countries has been described . Among others, the findings of projects co-financed by the EU, such as WISE and WISEII have been described. Actions, taken by other organizations such as UITP and work associations, supporting and promoting of women employment in public transport sector have been discussed as well. Traffic safety is one of aspects taken into account. Research results show that one of the benefits of employing women as bus and motorists is a reduced risk of causing accidents. It does not mean that actions encouraging women to work in public transport are to be limited to attract them to this profession . In many companies the share of women on director/ manager position is growing. Aspects increasing attractiveness of women work in public transport companies that have been identified: ability to reconcile work and family/social life, especially concerning work organization, better workplace safety and security, culture of work, elimination of sector-based wage gap between women and men, remuneration, promotion and qualification prospects (vocational training).

18

Żywność projektowana dla kobiet oraz mężczyzn

Hilal Adonis, Pyl Natalia, Florowska Anna, Wroniak Małgorzata

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2020

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T. 74, nr 12

25--29

PL

Pomimo że kobiety i mężczyźni mają 95,5% identycznego DNA, charakteryzują ich odmienne nawyki żywieniowe oraz różna podatność na zachorowalność na choroby dietozależne, w związku z tym potrzebują w swoim pożywieniu innych składników odżywczych. Żywność, której celem jest zaspokojenie potrzeb kobiet lub mężczyzn, to nowa tendencja w polskim przemyśle spożywczym. Jednakże produkty przeznaczone dla płci nie są do końca nową kategorią, gdyż taka żywność jest od dawna dostępna w Stanach Zjednoczonych i niektórych krajach Europy Zachodniej. Producenci, projektując żywność przeznaczoną dla danej płci, kierują się różnymi motywami. Na rynku można wyróżnić dwie kategorie takiej żywności. Pierwsza ma na celu wyłącznie zainteresowanie konkretnych grup konsumentów i opiera się na stereotypach niekoniecznie związanych z potrzebami żywieniowymi danej płci. Natomiast druga grupa bazuje na autentycznych potrzebach żywieniowych oraz uwzględnia profilaktykę chorób dietozależnych, a nie na stereotypy społeczno-kulturowe przypisane każdej płci.

EN

Although women and men have 95.5% identical DNA, they have different eating habits and different susceptibility to the incidence of diet-related diseases, therefore they need different nutrients in their food to prevent these diseases. Food aimed to satisfy the needs of women and men is a new trend in the Polish industry. However, gender-dedicated products are not entirely a new food category, as such food has long been available in the US and some Western European markets. When designing gender-dedicated food, producers follow various motives. There are two groups of genderdedicated food on the market. The first one aimed to interest a specific group of consumers, based on stereotypes not necessarily related to the nutritional needs of each gender. The second group, on the other hand, is based on current nutritional and preventive needs, and not on socio-cultural stereotypes prescribed for each gender.

19

The influence of workplace spirituality on nepotism and favoritism in ASEAN regions

Khamis Kamarul Azman, Kaliappen Narentheren, Jermsittiparsert Kittisak, Omar Rusdi

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2020

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Vol. 22, No. 2

215--231

EN

Many business ethics researchers have focused on new methods and theories of research which contribute substantially to improve business standards and ethics globally. The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of the workplace spirituality (WPS) with its four components, such as transcendence, meaningful at workplace, compassion and mindfulness on nepotism and favoritism (N&F) in the ASEAN region. Data were collected from services sector employees employed in Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia through self-administered questionnaires. The data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0 and Smart PLS 3.0. This research results indicate that WPS has a negative and significant influence on N&F. Furthermore, transcendence, meaningful at workplace, compassion and mindfulness have a negative and significant impact on N&F. The result of the current study also indicates that gender has no moderating influence on the relationship between mindfulness and N&F. The current study provides empirical data from Asian countries to help policy makers and practitioners in the N&F process to eradicate corruption.

PL

Wielu badaczy zajmujących się etyką biznesową skupiło się na nowych metodach i teoriach badawczych, które znacząco przyczyniają się do poprawy standardów biznesowych i etyki na całym świecie. Celem tych badań jest zbadanie wpływu duchowości w miejscu pracy (WPS) z jej czterema komponentami, takimi jak transcendencja, znaczenie w miejscu pracy, współczucie i uważność na nepotyzm i faworyzowanie (N&F) w regionie ASEAN. Dane zebrano od pracowników sektora usług zatrudnionych w Tajlandii, Indonezji i Malezji za pomocą kwestionariuszy do samodzielnego wypełnienia. Analizę danych przeprowadzono przy użyciu SPSS w wersji 23.0 i Smart PLS 3.0. Te wyniki badań wskazują, że WPS ma negatywny i znaczący wpływ na NiF. Ponadto transcendencja, znacząca w miejscu pracy, współczucie i uważność mają negatywny i znaczący wpływ na NiF. Wynik obecnego badania wskazuje również, że płeć nie ma moderującego wpływu na związek między uważnością a NiF. Obecne badanie dostarcza danych empirycznych z krajów azjatyckich, aby pomóc decydentom i praktykom w procesie N&F w zwalczaniu korupcji.

20

The impact of leadership traits on human resource practices, gender and transformational leadership

Habeeb Fatima Jafar, Mostafa M. S., Altyar Ahmed Rakan, Ismail Wan Khiaruzzaman Wan, Md Nor Khalil

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2020

|

Vol. 21, No. 1

135--145

EN

The purpose lined with this study is to examine the links among the human resource practices along with transformational leadership, gender and leadership traits. The data were collected from the financial institutions of Iraq and analyzed by using the SEM. The results show that positive association among the human resource practices along with transformational leadership, gender and leadership traits. These findings are suitable for the employees of financial institutions along with the policymakers that they should develop the policies related to the practices of human resource that enhance firm performance.

PL

Celem niniejszego badania jest zbadanie powiązań między praktykami w zakresie zasobów ludzkich oraz przywództwa transformacyjnego, płci i cech przywódczych. Dane zostały zebrane od instytucji finansowych w Iraku i przeanalizowane za pomocą SEM. Wyniki pokazują, że pozytywny związek między praktykami w zakresie zasobów ludzkich a przywództwem transformacyjnym, płcią i cechami przywódczymi. Ustalenia te są odpowiednie dla pracowników instytucji finansowych wraz z decydentami, że powinni opracować polityki związane z praktykami zasobów ludzkich, które poprawią wyniki firmy.