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1

Mimetite precipitation on Pb-clinoptilolite: an effective approach for arsenate removal from water

Stępień Ewa, Manecki Maciej, Bajda Tomasz

Mineralogia

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2025

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Vol. 56, iss. 1

44--51

EN

This short communication proposes a novel approach to arsenate remediation using in situ precipitation of mimetite [Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl], a sparingly soluble mineral phase with an apatite structure. The Pb²⁺ source was provided by a lead-modified zeolite (clinoptilolite) loaded with approximately 70 g Pb/kg. It was reacted with arsenate (50 mg As/L) and chloride (20 mg Cl/L) at initial pH values of 2 and 7. Mimetite crystallized on and in the vicinity of zeolite due to the reaction of Pb(II) desorbed from zeolite with arsenate and chloride ions present in aqueous solution: 5Pb2+ desorbed from zeolite +3AsO3-(4) contamination +Cl-supplied extra =Pb5(As)4)3Cl precipitated. Mimetite formed rapidly resulting in efficient arsenate sequestration. At pH 7, arsenate removal reached 99.88% after 24 hr, with minimal lead release (<0.02 mg/L). These results demonstrate that lead-modified clinoptilolite is a promising material for a coupled sorption–precipitation mechanism which provides an effective strategy for arsenic immobilization in contaminated aqueous systems.

2

The harnessing of natural zeolite for adsorption of methylene blue active substances from carwash wastewater: A kinetic and isotherm study

Kharabsheh Raha M., Bdour Ahmed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 26, nr 1

186--195

EN

The removal of surfactants from wastewater is critically important, particularly in Jordan, which is the third-most water-scarce country in the world. Jordan is rich in natural zeolite, a highly absorbent material, making it ideal for removing liquid-solid contaminants like surfactants from wastewater. This study investigates the adsorption capacity of zeolite to remove Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS) from carwash wastewater (CWW) using batch-sorption experiments. Various parameters, including zeolite dosage, contact time, and temperature, were tested to evaluate their impact on the sorption process. he results demonstrate that natural zeolite achieved a maximum removal efficiency of 93.02%, with optimal performance at pH 6.8. Dosages of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 grams were tested, revealing that increased zeolite dosage, longer contact times, higher temperatures, and lower initial concentrations enhanced removal efficiency. The best removal efficiency for SDBS-MBAS was achieved within a 30-minute mixing time. At a dosage of 1 gram, the adsorption coefficient rose from 6.3% to 23.5% as temperature increased from 25°C to 45°C, indicating an endothermic process. The adsorption was found to be endothermic, spontaneous, and irreversible. Additionally, adsorption isotherm models, including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Pseudo-second-order, were applied to analyze the adsorption behavior. The Langmuir model provided the best fit, while the Freundlich model showed the highest error values. Error analysis confirmed the validity of the Pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models for describing the adsorption kinetics.

3

Zastosowanie klinoptylolitu do usuwania kolistyny z wody

Olearczyk Monika, Kwaśny Justyna

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

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2025

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Nr 4

10-20

PL

Farmaceutyki poprzez różne źródła, np. ścieki szpitalne, ścieki z gospodarstw domowych, weterynarie oraz przemysł farmaceutyczny, przedostają się do wody powierzchniowej i gruntowej. Dzieje się tak m.in. dlatego, że powszechne metody oczyszczania wody i ścieków nie są w stanie całkowicie wyeliminować substancji farmaceutycznych z wody. Długotrwałe przebywanie farmaceutyków w wodzie niesie za sobą poważne konsekwencje dla ludzi, zwierząt oraz roślin. U zwierząt są przyczyną: zwiększonej śmiertelności, zaburzeń hormonalnych, uszkodzenia narządów wewnętrznych, lub niewydolności nerek. U roślin zakłócają syntezę białek, a u ludzi prowadzą do zwiększenia odporności na dane leki i w konsekwencji do stosowania ich wyższych dawek. Jedną z metod stosowanych do usuwania farmaceutyków z wody jest adsorpcja. W niniejszej pracy przeprowadzono adsorpcję siarczanu kolistyny z roztworów wodnych za pomocą naturalnego adsorbentu klinoptylolitu. Zbadano wpływ dawki adsorbentu, czasu adsorpcji oraz stężenia kolistyny na efektywność usuwania farmaceutyku z wody

EN

Pharmaceuticals are released into surface and ground water through various sources, such as hospital sewage, household sewage, veterinary medicine and the pharmaceutical industry. This is because common water and sewage treatment methods are not able to completely eliminate pharmaceutical substances from water. Long-term presence of pharmaceuticals in water has serious consequences for humans, animals and plants. In animals, they cause: increased mortality, hormonal disorders, damage to internal organs, or kidney failure. In plants, they disrupt protein synthesis, and in humans, they lead to increased resistance to given drugs and, consequently, to the use of higher doses. One of the methods used to remove pharmaceuticals from water is adsorption. In this work, adsorption of colistin sulfate from aqueous solutions was carried out using the natural adsorbent clinoptilolite. The effect of the adsorbent dose, adsorption time and colistin concentration on the efficiency of removing the pharmaceutical from water was examined.

4

HDPE/hydroxyapatite/zeolite composite – characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity

Appusamy Anandha Moorthy, Lakshmanan Senthil Kumar Kallippatti, Chinnappan Balaji Ayyanar, Subramaniyan Madheswaran

Polimery

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2024

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Vol. 69, nr 9

500--507

EN

The HDPE/HA/zeolite (65/30/5) composite was obtained by injection molding. Hydroxyapatite (HA) was synthetized using microwave technique. FT-IR showed the presence of hydroxyl and phosphate functional groups. The structure was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) revealed the presence of O, Ca, P, C, Na, Cl, and Mg. The composite showed improved tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness compared to pure HDPE. In vitro cytotoxicity studies were conducted using L929 cells line. The tests showed 94% viability and 6% toxicity of cells.

PL

Metodą formowania wtryskowego otrzymano kompozyt HDPE/HA/zeolit (65/30/5). Hydroksyapatyt (HA) otrzymano techniką mikrofalową. Badania FT-IR wykazały obecność grup funkcyjnych hydroksylowych i fosforanowych. Strukturę badano za pomocą dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej (XRD) i skaningowego mikroskopu elektronowego z emisją polową (FESEM). Analiza rentgenowska z dyspersją energii (EDAX) wykazała obecność O, Ca, P, C, Na, Cl i Mg. Kompozyt wykazał większą wytrzymałość na rozciąganie, wytrzymałość na ściskanie i twardość w porównaniu z czystym HDPE. Badania cytotoksyczności in vitro przeprowadzono przy użyciu linii komórkowej L929. Testy wykazały 94% żywotności i 6% toksyczności komórek.

5

Chitosan with the addition of zeolite and ZnO nanoparticles as a new antibacterial agent

Safaei Mohsen, Mobarakeh Mohammad Salmani, Mozaffari Hamid Reza, Wong Ling Shing, Fallahnia Nima

Polimery

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2024

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Vol. 69, nr 10

559--567

EN

Chitosan/zeolite/ZnO nanocomposites with different contents of components were obtained using the Taguchi method. Based on the conducted studies, optimal conditions for the synthesis of the nanocomposite (7.5 mg/mL chitosan, 0.2 mg/mL zeolite and 9 mg/mL ZnO) with the best antibacterial properties (no growth of S. mutans) were established. Spectroscopic, microscopic, thermal, and antibacterial methods were used to characterize the nanocomposite and its components in relation to S. mutans biofilm. The chitosan/zeolite/ZnO nanocomposite can be used as an effective antibacterial compound in various applications due to its structural and antibacterial properties.

PL

Metodą Taguchi otrzymano nanokompozyty chitozan/zeolit/ZnO o różnej zawartości chitozanu, zeolitu i ZnO. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań ustalono optymalne warunki syntezy nanokompozytu (7,5 mg/mL chitozanu, 0,2 mg/mL zeolitu i 9 mg/mL ZnO) o najlepszych właściwościach przeciwbakteryjnych (brak wzrostu bakterii S. mutans). Do scharakteryzowania nanokompozytu i jego składników w odniesieniu do biofilmu S. mutans zastosowano metody spektroskopowe, mikroskopowe, termiczne i przeciwbakteryjne. Nanokompozyt chitozan/zeolit/ZnO może być stosowany jako skuteczny związek antybakteryjny w różnych zastosowaniach ze względu na swoją strukturalne i właściwości antybakteryjne.

6

Effect of metakaolin and zeolite as cement-reducing additives on the properties of ecological cement composites

Gołaszewska Małgorzata, Gołaszewski Jacek

Materiały Budowlane

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2024

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nr 9

18--25

EN

In the study, the effects of metakaolin MK and zeolite Z on cement paste and mortar properties were determined. Blends with different proportions of MK and Z were introduced instead of cement in amounts of up to 40%. It was found that the MK/Z blends delayed the setting time, reduced the amount of hydration heat released and reduced the consistency of the mortars, decreased the early and 28-day strength, with little effect on the 90-day strength, and reduced the shrinkage of the mortars. The intensity of the above-mentioned effects increases with an increase in the amount of MK/Z blend and/or an increase in the amount of Z in the blend. The synergistic effect resulting from the simultaneous introduction of MK and Z is not considerable, but by appropriately selecting the proportions of the MK/Z mixture, the properties of cement and cement composites can be modified and the amount of clinker or cement can be significantly reduced without affecting the strength.

PL

W badaniach określono wpływ metakaolinu MK i zeolitu Z na właściwości zaczynów i zapraw cementowych. Mieszaniny o różnych proporcjach MK i Z wprowadzono zamiast cementu w ilości do 40%. Stwierdzono, że opóźniają one czas wiązania, zmniejszają ilość wydzielonego ciepła hydratacji i pogarszają konsystencję zapraw, zmniejszają wytrzymałość wczesną i 28-dniową, w małym stopniu wpływają na wytrzymałość 90-dniową oraz zmniejszają skurcz zapraw. Intensywność wymienionych efektów zwiększa się wraz ze wzrostem ilości mieszaniny MK/Z i/lub ilości Z. Efekt synergii wynikający z jednoczesnego wprowadzenia MK i Z nie jest duży, ale odpowiednio dobierając proporcje mieszaniny MK/Z, można korygować właściwości cementu i kompozytów cementowych i bez pogorszenia ich wytrzymałości znacznie zmniejszyć ilość odpowiednio klinkieru lub cementu.

7

The Use of Granular Activated Carbon and Zeolite as an Adsorbent to Reduce the Concentration of Phosphate, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Total Suspended Solid in Laundry Wastewater

Nasir Felicia Naila, Titah Harmin Sulistiyaning

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 4

170--183

EN

The growth of the laundry business increases every year along with population growth, however the laundry waste produced is generally thrown straight into the drain and flows into water bodies without prior treatment. The threshold limits for laundry wastewater quality standards for phosphate content, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solid (TSS) are 10 mg/L, 250 mg/L and 100 mg/L respectively based on East Java Governor Regulation No. 72 of 2013. Disposing of laundry waste directly in large quantities into water bodies can have negative effects on the ecosystem in water bodies and water pollution problems. This research aims to determine the efficiency of using GAC and zeolite adsorbents in reducing phosphate, COD and TSS levels in laundry liquid waste. Based on the impact that can pollute water bodies, it is necessary to process laundry liquid waste. One of the processing methods used is the adsorption method, the adsorption process is carried out using granular activated carbon (GAC) and zeolite with a batch system. This research uses liquid wastewater samples from laundry businesses. The variations used in this research are the adsorbent mass, and contact time. The results obtained from this research include Scanning Electron Microscope test results and the percentage reduction in phosphate, COD and TSS levels using GAC and zeolite adsorbents in batch systems. The research results show that the optimum adsorbent mass is 12 grams of adsorbent mixed with GAC and zeolite with a contact time of 150 minutes with a percentage reduction in phosphate levels of 57.14%, a percentage reduction in COD levels of 63.11% and a percentage reduction in TSS levels of 53.11%. The phosphate, COD and TSS values of laundry liquid waste after processing with adsorbent mass, adsorbent composition and optimum contact time are 6.5 mg/L and 383.5 mg/L and 84.5 mg/L.

8

The genesis and potential utilization of zeolite in the Moncongloe Area, Maros, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Nur Irzal, Taba Paulina, Idrus Arifudin, Irfan Ulva Ria, Sufriadin Sufriadin, Widodo Sri, Anas Aryanti Virtanti, Ardian Muhammad Ridha, Anjelina Adelia Dwirisa

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2024

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T. 40, z. 3

5--22

EN

In Moncongloe area, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, zeolite mineralization in porphyritic rhyolite and green tuff was identified occurred in a volcano-sedimentary sequence, members of the Miocene Camba Formation. This paper describes a recent study of the zeolite mineralization on the basis of field and laboratory data, which focused on its genetic aspects and potential utilizations based on its mineralogical and chemical characteristics. The laboratory works applied in this study include mineralogical analysis (petrography and XRD) and bulk chemical analysis (XRF for major oxides, ICP-OES and ICP-MS for trace elements). Microscopic and XRD studies indicate that the zeolite is a phillipsite type, which is associated with smectite, and was formed as an alteration product of the primary K-feldspar phenocrysts as well as fine crystalline ground mass and volcanic glass. The presence of phillipsite-type zeolite associated with smectite were also confirmed by the chemical compositions. The zeolite mineralization associated with smectite in the study area were formed by alteration process by hydrothermal fluid in alkaline seawater condition, during Late Miocene to Pliocene. So, it can be concluded that the hydrothermal alteration is occurred in that time range. The magma that forms the volcanic host rocks is an alkaline series magma, intermediate to acid in composition, and originates from subduction zone. The K-rich phillipsite-type zeolite in the study area can be used for, among other things: to remove lead from water, remove paraquat from wastewater, extract potassium from seawater, remove thorium from carbonate solutions, as catalyst in knoevenagel, as dietary supplementation for pets, to uptake ammonia in water, and for colorectal cancer therapy.

PL

Na obszarze Moncongloe w regencji Maros w prowincji Sulawesi Południowej w Indonezji zidentyfikowano mineralizację zeolitu w porfirowym ryolicie i zielonym tufie w sekwencji wulkaniczno-osadowej, należącej do mioceńskiej formacji Camba. W artykule opisano najnowsze badania mineralizacji zeolitu na podstawie danych terenowych i laboratoryjnych, które koncentrowały się na jej aspektach genetycznych i potencjalnych zastosowaniach w oparciu o jej właściwości mineralogiczne i chemiczne. Prace laboratoryjne zastosowane w tym badaniu obejmują analizę mineralogiczną (petrografia i XRD) oraz masową analizę chemiczną (XRF dla głównych tlenków, ICP-OES i ICP-MS dla pierwiastków śladowych). Badania mikroskopowe i XRD wskazują, że zeolit jest typem filipsytu, który jest związany ze smektytem i powstał jako produkt przemiany pierwotnych fenokryształów skalenia K, a także drobnokrystalicznej masy gruntowej i szkła wulkanicznego. Obecność zeolitu typu filipsytowego związanego ze smektytem została również potwierdzona przez skład chemiczny. Mineralizacja zeolitu związana ze smektytem na badanym obszarze powstała w wyniku procesu przemiany przez płyn hydrotermalny w alkalicznej wodzie morskiej, od późnego miocenu do pliocenu. Można zatem stwierdzić, że w tym przedziale czasowym nastąpiły zmiany hydrotermalne. Magma tworząca wulkaniczne skały macierzyste, to magma serii zasadowej, o składzie pośrednim do kwaśnego, pochodząca ze strefy subdukcji. Zeolit typu filipsytu bogaty w K na badanym obszarze może być stosowany m.in. do: usuwania ołowiu z wody oraz parakwatu ze ścieków, ekstrakcji potasu z wody morskiej, usuwania toru z roztworów węglanowych, jako katalizator w knoevenagelu, a także jako suplement diety dla zwierząt domowych, do wchłaniania amoniaku w wodzie oraz do terapii raka jelita grubego.

9

Optimization of Chromium Removal from Tannery Effluents with the Neonite Natural Zeolite

Barra-Hinojosa Julio, Marrufo-Saldaña Liliana, Salazar-Leiva Victor, Gómez-León Mónica, Solis-Veliz Jose

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 2

41--53

EN

Chromium is the main constituent of the tanning salts used by tanneries for processing skins into leather, and considered as a pollutant in the effluents that this industry discharge. The present study aimed to evaluate the removal of chromium and other pollutants in effluents from the tanning industry applying the natural zeolite Neonite. Neonite is a commercially available zeolite, which was acquired from NEONITE S.A. Neonite was characterized through FTIR and XRD, identifying clinoptilolite as its main component. Treatment was applied to the samples of real effluents from the tanning stage or chromium bath (CB) and a composite effluent (CE), an experimental design was carried out for each effluent. The designs correspond to 32 factorial designs, the variables tested were the Neonite dosage (NE) measured in g/L, stirring time (StT) expressed in minutes and the pH of the sample, and the response variable was the residual chromium content (RCC). Statistical analysis was performed through R-software version 4.2.3 and included Box-Cox transformation and ANOVA to determine the main effects and the behavior of the response variable in relation to the applied model and its optimization by response surface. In CB, a removal above 95% was obtained for RCC, with optimization values at 32 g/L of NE and pH 7. In the CE, a removal of more than 98% was obtained for RCC and values higher than 60% for BOD, COD, TSS and Fats, being the optimal conditions 4.73 g/L of NE and 12.17 minutes of StT. These results demonstrate that the application of Neonite for the removal of chromium and other pollutants from tanning industry effluents has a great potential.

10

Optimisation in Water Absorption of Low Molarity Seawater and Zeolite Based Geopolymer Foam Reinforced with Nanocellulose

Chai Hua Tay, Norkhairunnisa Mazlan, Wayayok Aimrun, Basri Mohd Salahuddin Mohd, Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2024

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Vol. 69, iss. 2

553--562

EN

The aim of this study is to optimize the composition of geopolymer foam that leads to the highest water absorption. This study utilized Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to analyze the relationship between factors Seawater/Potassium Silicate (SW/KSil), Potassium Hydroxide/Potassium Chloride (KOH/KCl), Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate/Benzalkonium Chloride (SLES/BAC) and Hydrogen Peroxide/Nanocellulose (H2O2/NC) and its response, water absorption. The concentration of the alkaline solution is maintained at a low level of Molar Ratio (MR) 2.01-2.53 and 0.320 M to 1.620 M. It was found that all factors are significant with ρ-value < 0.05 except for KOH/KCl. The highest water absorption by geopolymer measured is 35%, in the middle range of all factors. Simple water immersion of 30 days shows no significant physical changes on the geopolymer, proving its rigidity under water.

11

Fabrication and Characteristics of Cast Aluminium – Mineral Particles Composite

Kargul Marcin, Borowiecka-Jamrozek Joanna Maria

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 5

75--89

EN

The paper presents the results of research on the production of cast composites based on aluminum alloys with a mineral filler with a porous structure. AlSi12 silumin and AlSi12 silumin with the addition of 3% magnesium (AlSi12-Mg3) were used as the matrix material, while particles of natural zeolite, expanded perlite and expanded clay with a size of 4 to 6 mm were used as the mineral filler. In order to increase the efficiency of the production process, the mineral particles have been covered with a sodium silicon solution with the addition of silicon powder. The coated particles were then heated at 400 °C for 1 hour to remove moisture from them. The prepared mineral particles were then placed inside a casting mold and flooded with liquid alloy at a temperature of 790 °C. The obtained composites were subjected to macroscopic observations and analysis using computed tomography (CT). Phase analysis was also performed to determine the phase composition of the obtained composites. In order to determine the mechanical and physical properties, the obtained composites were subjected to compressive strength tests and density measurements. As a result of the research, it was found that the use of the AlSi12-Mg3 alloy and coating in the form of a solution of sodium silicate and silicon powder allows for the most effective production of composites. The low density of the produced composites, combined with their favorable structure and strength properties, suggest the possibility of use as light products transferring compressive stresses, as well as energy-absorbing products.

12

Development o the Design of an Experimental Adsorber and Optimization of its Gas-Dynamic Parameters

Mykhailiuk Vasyl, Dzienniak Damian, Kryzhanivskyy Yevstakhiy, Deineha Ruslan, Stetsiuk Roman, Uhryński Andrzej, Rokita Tomasz

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 6

177--188

EN

Various technologies and equipment are used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For example, the method of adsorption is used to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from the smoke emissions of cement industries. In the adsorption process using zeolites, devices such as adsorbers are typically employed. Zeolites, a versatile group of aluminosilicate materials, are known for their high surface area and selective adsorption properties, making them effective for CO2 capture. The effectiveness of the adsorber depends on many factors, including its geometric dimensions and shape. Adsorbers with a central inlet flow have uneven gas distribution at the entrance to the adsorbent layer, which reduces their operational efficiency. To eliminate this disadvantage, various devices installed at the output of the adsorber inlet are usually used. Analysis of such devices shows that they do not provide maximum adsorption efficiency. To study the efficiency of zeolite operation for capturing carbon dioxide contained in the smoke gases of cement industries, the design of a laboratory adsorber is proposed featuring a cyclone and distribution device in its lower part. The cyclone prevents the adsorbent from being contaminated by drip fluid, which reduces the efficiency of the adsorption process in the gas, and the distribution device reduces the uniformity of gas distribution at the entrance to the adsorbent layer. This paper proposes a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and design of the distribution device, which was analyzed and modified to significantly increase the uniform distribution of gas at the entrance to the adsorbent layer. Compared with other designs of distribution devices, the proposed design is simpler and performs better under varying gas flow rates.

13

Projektowanie efektywnego katalizatora reakcji uwodornienia acetylenu do etylenu poprzez dobór prekursora i nośnika

Plis Anna, Kleszcz Mateusz, Samardakiewicz Bartłomiej, Rutkowski Rafał, Połczyński Piotr, Lewera Adam, Jurczakowski Rafał

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2023

|

T. 102, nr 11

1169--1176

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań selektywnego uwodornienia acetylenu w obecności katalizatorów zawierających pallad jako fazę aktywną. Jako nośniki zastosowano porowate matryce Al₂O₃ oraz mieszaniny Al₂O₃ i zeolitu Beta. W pracy zbadano także wpływ prekursora palladu, czyli kompleksów chlorkowych i azotanowych(III) palladu(II) na właściwości katalityczne otrzymanych materiałów. Badania katalityczne przeprowadzono w skali laboratoryjnej w reaktorze odzwierciedlającym proces przemysłowy. Najwyższą aktywność i selektywność katalizatora uzyskano w obecności katalizatora otrzymanego w wyniku adsorpcji kompleksów azotanowych(III) palladu(II) na nośniku Al₂O₃.

EN

Pd catalysts were obtained by impregnating chloride or nitrate(III) complexes of Pd(II) on Al₂O₃ or zeolite Beta or Al₂O₃ and zeolite Beta mixt. as supports. In a laboratory installation simulating an industrial process, catalytic tests were carried out in the reaction of selective hydrogenation of acetylene at a concn. of 4% vol. in ethylene. The highest activity and selectivity were achieved in the presence of a catalyst obtained by adsorption of Pd nitrate(III) complexes on an Al₂O₃ support.

14

Charakterystyka przyczepności prętów GFRP i BFRP do betonu z dodatkiem zeolitu i metakaolinitu

Urbański Marek, Woyciechowski Piotr, Szmigiera Elżbieta, Adamczewski Grzegorz, Sosnowska Edyta

Przegląd Budowlany

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2023

|

R. 94, nr 11-12

121--127

PL

Porównano zależności przyczepność-poślizg oraz mechanizmy zniszczenia dla betonu z dodatkami zeolitu i metakaolinitu w obecności prętów GFRP, BFRP i stalowych. Przyczepność prętów GFRP do betonu z dodatkiem metakaolinitu była o 50% większa niż do betonu zwykłego, natomiast przyczepność do betonu z zeolitem podobna. W przypadku prętów BFRP stwierdzono wzrost przyczepności o 7% dla betonu z metakaolinitem. Pręty BFRP miały większą przyczepność w stosunku do zbrojenia stalowego. Zmiana przyczepności prętów GFRP i BFRP była stopniowa, a poślizg był kilkukrotnie większy niż prętów stalowych.

EN

Bond stress-slip relationship and failure mechanisms for concrete with additions of zeolite and metakaolin in the presence of GFRP, BFRP and steel bars were compared. The bond strength of GFRP bars to concrete with the addition of metakaolin was 50% higher than to ordinary concrete, while the bond strength to concrete with zeolite was similar. In the case of BFRP bars, an increase in bond strength by 7% was found for concrete with metakaolin. BFRP bars had greater bond strength to steel reinforcement. The change in the bond stress of the GFRP and BFRP bars was gradual and the slip was several times greater than that of the steel bars.

15

Synthetic zeolite derived from coal fly ash decorated with magnetic alginate bead: Application to detoxification of arsenic and vanadium

Swistun Eugeniusz, Sobczyk Maciej, Kumar Santhana Krishna, Tseng Wei-Lung, Bajda Tomasz

Mineralogia

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2023

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Vol. 54, iss. 1

18--30

EN

Heavy metal toxicity is highly demanding and challenging to clean up the pollutants. To recover the issues mentioned above, we propose a hydrothermal synthesis of zeolite (NaX-UP). Further surface modification by poly-ethylenimine (PEI) could turn to be amine-modified zeolite nanosheets (zeolite NSs) possessed plenty of hydroxyl and amino groups (Al-O, Si-O-Si, Si-OH and NH2) on their surface, decorated with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), that are enabled to bridge with inter and intramolecular hydrogen bonding an additionally electrostatic interaction might be a significant role. Further, this can be converted into magnetic bead crosslinking with sodium alginate immersed in an excess calcium chloride solution. The-as formed Fe3O4 NPs decorated amine modified zeolite alginate bead denoted to be (Fe3O4 NPs decorated @PEI-zeolite NSs alginate bead) upholding a significant advantage would aim to clean up the anionic pollutants are [As(V) & V(V)] from an aqueous solution.

16

Wpływ metakaolinitu i zeolitu na przyczepność prętów BFRP i GFRP do betonu

Krassowska Julita, Wolka Paweł

Materiały Budowlane

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2023

|

nr 10

6--10

PL

Celem przeprowadzonych badań jest ustalenie, w jaki sposób obecność metakaolinitu i zeolitu wpływa na przyczepność prętów zbrojeniowych do betonu oraz na jego wybrane właściwości mechaniczne. Próbki do badań przygotowano zgodnie z obowiązującą procedurą testu belkowego wg [1]. Otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły na analizę porównawczą próbek referencyjnych oraz zawierających metakaolinit i zeolit. Badania wykazały, że wprowadzenie do betonu aktywnego dodatku pucolanowego w postaci metakaolinitu i zeolitu powoduje zwiększenie wartości naprężeń przyczepności o ok. 20% w przypadku prętów szklanych GFRP i 15% bazaltowych BFRP, przede wszystkim w fazie zniszczenia.

EN

The aim of the conducted research is to determine how the presence of metakaolinite and zeolite affects the adhesion of reinforcing bars to concrete and selected mechanical properties. Test samples were prepared in accordance with the applicable beam test procedure according to [1]. The obtained results allowed for a comparative analysis of the reference samples and those with metakaolinite and zeolite. The research showed that the introduction of an active pozzolanic additive in the form of metakaolinite and zeolite into concrete leads to an improvement in adhesion stress values of approximately 20% for GFRP glass bars and 15% for BFRP basalt bars, especially during the failure phase.

17

Zeolites as catalysts: a review of the recent developments

Lesiak Paweł

Journal of New Technologies in Environmental Science

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2023

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Vol. 7, nr 2

65--73

EN

The article presents the latest solutions (period 2015-2023) regarding zeolites and zeolitic materials used as catalysts for chemical reactions. The use of zeolites, among others, was presented and discussed for the purification of gases and sewage, as a raw material for the production of cement, as a component of dressings for hard-to-heal wounds, for blood purification, for the purpose of controlled release of drugs, as molecular sieves, or for the protection of monuments. The use of zeolites as catalysts and the trends in their use for this purpose are discussed with particular emphasis.

18

Studies on Adsorption of Petroleum Products under Static Conditions

Sabadash Vira, Lysko Vitaliy

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 10

40--46

EN

This paper provides an overview of the adsorption of petroleum products, focusing on various aspects such as adsorbent types, mechanisms of adsorption, factors influencing efficiency, kinetics, equilibrium, practical applications, and environmental implications. It explores the properties and characteristics of adsorbents, including activated carbon, zeolites, clay minerals, silica gel, and others, highlighting their interaction with petroleum products. The article delves into the theories and mechanisms governing the adsorption process, discussing physical and chemical adsorption as well as the role of forces like van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions. The results of experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate the adsorption capacities of various adsorbents for petroleum products. The adsorption performance, kinetics, and equilibrium behavior of different adsorbents were analyzed, providing insights into their effectiveness in removing petroleum contaminants from aqueous solutions. The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium studies were explored through mathematical models like Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The practical applications of adsorption in the petroleum industry were discussed, including removing pollutants from wastewater, gas and diesel purification, and desulfurization. The environmental implications of adsorption technology in mitigating oil spills and reducing petroleum-related pollution were addressed. The conclusion emphasizes the significance of these studies in enhancing understanding, developing efficient solutions, and addressing environmental challenges associated with the petroleum industry. Ongoing research in this field aims to further improve adsorption processes for a more effective and sustainable approach.

19

Metals Removal from Contaminated Soil Using Electrokinetic Treatment – Effect of Different Permeable Reactive Barrier and Flushing Solution

Budihardjo Mochamad Arief, Ramadan Bimastyaji Surya, Safitri Rahayu Puji, Effendi Agus Jatnika, Hidayat Syarif, Paramitadevi Yudith Vega, Ratnawati Beata

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 2

19--27

EN

Metals pollution is often found in the immediate or neighboring areas of industrial or agricultural activities. This situation may significantly affect the environment, such as water, soil, and air pollution. Electrokinetic (EK) treatment is known to have higher efficiency for metals contaminated soil. However, the use of EK treatment is not widely as expected. This study employs EK treatment with different permeable reactive barriers and flushing solutions to remove Cd and Pb from agricultural soil. Soil pH, temperature, water content, electroosmotic flow, electric current, and metal concentration are calculated as responses to the EK treatment. Results showed that the EK treatments were effectively removed the metals from the contaminated soil. On the fifth day of the treatment, EK, which used activated carbon as PRB and citric acid as the chelating agent, removed a significant amount of Cd from the soil. Besides, the treatment using zeolite as PRB and citric agent as chelate can remove more than 90% of Pb after the sixth day of treatment. These results showed that PRB and chelating agents could effectively remove the metals from the contaminated soils.

20

Wytwarzanie przyjaznej dla środowiska, wysokowytrzymałej zaprawy naprawczej do renowacji obiektów zabytkowych

Tombulca Can, Çavuş Murat

Cement Wapno Beton

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2023

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R. 28, nr 3

194--205

PL

W pracy badano zaprawy naprawcze ze sztucznymi i naturalnymi dodatkami pucolanowymi do renowacji obiektów zabytkowych. Do zapraw wapiennych wprowadzono sztuczną pucolanę - popiół lotny wapienny klasy C oraz pucolanę naturalną w postaci zeolitu. Do przygotowania zapraw wykorzystano dwa różne rodzaje kruszyw: naturalny piasek rzeczny i cegłę łamaną. Łącznie wyprodukowano 18 zapraw, z czego dwie były zaprawami odniesienia. W pierwszej grupie zapraw badano popiół lotny będący główną pucolaną, w zaprawach z obu rodzajami kruszywa przy 20%, 40% i 60% zastąpieniu wapna popiołem. W drugiej serii zapraw jako zamiennika wapna zastosowano popiół lotny i zeolit w różnych proporcjach. W zaprawie odniesienia zastosowano samo wapno powietrzne. Po 28, 56 i 90 dniach dojrzewania zapraw oznaczono właściwości mechaniczne, fizyczne i skład fazowy. Porównując zaprawy z dodatkiem pucolany z zaprawami odniesienia, zauważono, że pucolany zapewniają znaczną poprawę właściwości fizycznych i mechanicznych zapraw naprawczych. O ile zaobserwowano znaczną poprawę właściwości fizycznych zapraw, w których jako jedyną pucolanę zastosowano popiół lotny, to właściwości mechaniczne były lepsze w zaprawach z zeolitem.

EN

In this study, repair mortars with artificial and natural pozzolan additives were produced for the restoration of historical buildings. Class C fly ash, an artificial pozzolan and zeolite the natural pozzolan, were substituted into these lime-based mortars. Two different aggregate types were used in the preparation of the mortars: natural river sand and crushed brick. A total of 18 batches of mortars were produced, two of which were reference batches. In the first group of batches, fly ash, which is the major pozzolan, was tested in both aggregate groups in 20%, 40%, and 60% ratios of lime substitution. In the second group of batches, fly ash and zeolite were used in different proportions as lime substitution. In the reference series, air lime was used alone. At the end of the 28, 56, and 90 days curing period, mechanical, physical properties, and phase composition of the mortars were determined. When the pozzolan-added mortars were compared with the reference mortars, it was observed that pozzolans provided significant improvements in the physical and mechanical properties of the repair mortars. While significant improvements were observed in the physical properties of the mortars where fly ash was used as the only pozzolan, mechanical properties were better in the mortars with zeolite.