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1

Using artificial intelligence in sustainable manufacturing – a case study of Northwood Pallets Producer LLC

Włodarczyk Katarzyna, Górska Agata

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie

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2025

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Nr 92

23--35

EN

The article focuses on one of the modern technological tools – artificial intelligence (AI) and its use in an enterprise that operates in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. The aim of the study is to assess the use of artificial intelligence in the operations of a manufacturing company. The article is based on the experience of the Polish company Northwood Pallets Producer LLC (a manufacturer of wooden packaging). A comparison of three key areas shows the synergistic impact of AI on the production process at Northwood, visible from material analysis, through thermal protection of the product, to energy control. The company has not only implemented AI, but built it into its sustainable strategy, strengthening the existing pillars of its operations, i.e. through increased material efficiency, a focus on more favourable low-emission indicators, energy savings, reduced operating costs, and improved product quality, not only by introducing new solutions, but also by including these solutions in the product description and. Thus, the example of Northwood Pallets Producer LLC shows how integrating artificial intelligence in sustainable production processes can lead to improvements in operational efficiency, cost reductions and support for the sustainable development strategy.

PL

Artykuł koncentruje się na jednym z nowoczesnych narzędzi technologicznych – sztucznej inteligencji (AI) – oraz jej wykorzystaniu w przedsiębiorstwie działającym zgodnie z zasadami zrównoważonego rozwoju. Celem badania jest ocena wykorzystania AI w działalności przedsiębiorstwa produkcyjnego. Publikacja została opracowana na podstawie doświadczeń polskiej firmy Northwood Pallets Producer sp. z o.o. (producenta opakowań drewnianych). Porównanie trzech kluczowych obszarów pokazuje wpływ AI na proces produkcyjny w Northwood, widoczny od analizy materiałowej, poprzez ochronę termiczną produktu, po kontrolę energetyczną. Firma nie tylko wdrożyła AI, ale także wbudowała ją w zrównoważoną strategię, wzmacniając dotychczasowe filary swojej działalności, tj.: zwiększoną efektywność materiałową, skoncentrowanie się na korzystniejszych wskaźnikach niskoemisyjnych, zaoszczędzoną energię, poprawę jakości produktu nie tylko poprzez wprowadzenie nowych rozwiązań, ale również poprzez uwzględnienie zastosowanych rozwiązań w opisie produktu oraz obniżenie kosztów operacyjnych. Tak więc przykład Northwood Pallets Producer sp. z o.o. pokazuje, że integracja sztucznej inteligencji w zrównoważonych procesach produkcyjnych może prowadzić do poprawy efektywności operacyjnej, redukcji kosztów i wsparcia strategii zrównoważonego rozwoju.

2

Corporate social responsibility versus sustainable production in the process of implementing eco-innovations

Zuzek Dagmara K.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2025

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z. 222

683--692

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to assess investments made to-date in the field of innovations introduced within the sector of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) located in the Małopolskie voivodeship, including environmental initiatives. Methodology: The research was conducted at the turn of 2023 and 2024. At the first stage of the research the selection of enterprises was intentional, namely, small and medium-sized enterprises that carried out their business in the Małopolskie voivodeship. Then enterprises were selected on a random basis (350 respondents). A statistical analysis of the results was made. The obtained results were subjected to a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparisons tests, with a significance level of 0.05. Tukey’s post-hoc tests allowed for a detailed analysis of the means by identifying statistically homogeneous groups. Confidence intervals for the means of the examined traits were calculated, assuming a confidence level of 0.95. The calculations were performed using the Statistica 13.1 statistical software package (StatSoft Inc., USA). Findings: The results of the research confirmed that the SMEs are hardly interested in introducing eco-innovations (approx. 5% of respondents). The most frequent barriers that hinder environmental initiatives among the respondents included: insufficient financial resources and inexperience. Other responses included: lack of knowledge and qualified personnel. Originality/value: The research on eco-innovations is a necessary activity in order to increase competitiveness of enterprises from the SME sector. An innovative approach to the analysis of this issue becomes necessary for current and future research in this field. The above is confirmed by the presented research.

3

Analiza emisji gazów cieplarnianych w polskiej mleczarni

Wróbel-Jędrzejewska Magdalena, Włodarczyk Ewelina, Przybysz Łukasz

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2025

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T. 79, nr 7

36--39

PL

Analiza śladu węglowego produkcji wyrobów mleczarskich pozwala na ocenę wpływu tej branży na środowisko i wskazanie obszarów wymagających optymalizacji. Celem badania było określenie emisji gazów cieplarnianych (GHG) w procesie produkcji mleka i jego przetworów w polskim zakładzie przemysłowym. Dokonano analizy produkcji, wyznaczono kluczowe parametry procesów oraz zastosowano odpowiednią metodę zbierania danych. Stwierdzono, że każdy proces produkcji ma swój udział w całkowitym śladzie węglowym (CF). CF produkcji nabiału wynosił 0,37 kg CO2eq/kg. Główne źródło emisji GHG stanowiło zużycie gazu ziemnego i energii elektrycznej, a każde z nich odpowiadało za około 40% całkowitych emisji. Monitorowanie i redukcja śladu węglowego to istotny krok w kierunku zrównoważonego rozwoju sektora mleczarskiego oraz dostosowania do międzynarodowych regulacji środowiskowych.

EN

Analysis of the carbon footprint of dairy product manufacturing allows for an assessment of the industry’s impact on the environment and identification of areas requiring optimization. The aim of the study was to determine greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the production of milk and dairy products in a Polish industrial plant. Production was analyzed, key process parameters were determined, and an appropriate data collection method was used. It was found that each production process contributes to the total carbon footprint (CF). The CF of dairy production was 0.37 kg CO2eq/kg. The main source of GHG emissions was the consumption of natural gas and electricity, each of which accounted for approximately 40% of total emissions. Monitoring and reducing the carbon footprint is an important step towards the sustainable development of the dairy sector and adaptation to international environmental regulations.

4

A sustainable product in view of technical parts and components of a means of agricultural transport

Niewiadomski Przemysław, Merkisz-Guranowska Agnieszka

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 123

227--244

EN

This study includes research whose main goal was to answer the question of the mandatory features of a sustainable product and the level of their fulfilment in view of the manufacturing process of parts and technical subassemblies of a means of agricultural transport. With reference to the objective formulated in this way, preliminary criteria were established that were then subjected to a comprehensive analysis and breakdown (determining the significance from the research perspective). In the next stage, within the theoretical and design layer - following literature review and expert research - a research tool in the form of an evaluation sheet was created. At the empirical level, a thorough evaluation of the implementation of deliberately selected propositions serving as the global foundation of the concept of the sustainable product manufacturing process was performed (the holistic approach). The investigation was conducted among selected manufacturers of parts and technical subassemblies of means of agricultural transport (agricultural machinery sector). At the onset of the research work, the conceptual model of the thesis was constructed, according to which the surveyed enterprises are focused on individuals (working environment), natural environment and economics (including minimizing waste throughout the product life cycle), which is a prerequisite as far as a sustainable product is concerned.

5

Implementation of sustainable development goals at a manufacturing enterprise through RES energy optimisation. Case study of Northwood company

Włodarczyk Katarzyna, Górska Agata

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 194

635--647

EN

Purpose: The objective of the paper is to present and evaluate the realization of Agenda 2030 as well as the implementation of the EU goals concerning sustainable development through energy optimisation at Northwood manufacturing enterprise. Design/methodology/approach: For the purpose of accomplishing the assumed goal first of all selected aspects of the literature of the subject on sustainable development issues, energy optimisation and enterprise competitiveness were presented. The next step entailed a case study analysis of Northwood company operations. In the presented case study energy optimisation activities were demonstrated. Findings: Implementation of RES energy optimisation at Northwood company has significantly affected the company’s development, increasing the quality and number of fulfilled orders at substantially reduced costs of electrical energy. The incorporation of sustainable development goals in the company’s process also indicates positive results. Practical implications: The results of the analysis are a signal to all institutions and individuals, including managers, people managing production companies, that for the purpose of a company’s development it is worth using modern tools and implementing sustainable development goals, which include, inter alia, energy optimisation through the employment of a company’s own photovoltaic plant. Originality/value: The article can be an example and inspiration for similar enterprises.

6

Unveiling critical innovation factors in sustainable coffee production: a Colombian perspective

Ramirez-Zuñiga Eyder James, Castro-Silva Hugo Fernando, Velásquez-Pérez Torcoroma, Garcia-Cruz Ehidy Karime

Production Engineering Archives

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2024

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Vol. 30, Iss. 4

431--441

EN

The coffee sector stands as a cornerstone of Colombia's economy, ranking third in the nation's export portfolio. Despite the Colombian coffee esteemed global reputation, it has yet to fully exploit its potential for diversification into differentiated products. Present agroindustrial paradigms emphasize trade and sustainable, efficient agricultural practices, under-scoring the imperative for innovation across production, marketing, and distribution channels. This study aims to pinpoint the pivotal innovation factors within coffee farm production processes. To this end, a sample of 66 coffee farms was selected through simple random sampling. Drawing from the 2018 Oslo model, innovation types associated with sustainable specialty coffee certifications were delineated. Within this framework, seven fundamental factors emerged for investigation: economic, social, environmental, production, knowledge, technology, and change management. Through cluster analysis, it became evident that eco-nomic, environmental, knowledge, technological, and change management factors are in-dispensable for fortifying the coffee industry.

7

China’s energy – sustainable strategies

Mazur-Włodarczyk Katarzyna, Misiurski Przemysław, Haładewicz-Grzelak Małgorzata, Karaś Elżbieta, Kolańska-Płuska Joanna

Economics and Environment

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2024

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No. 2

art. no. 656

EN

The article refers to two issues within the semantic field of the concept of ‘wenming’ – i) civilising with Chinese characteristics and ii) relating to the subject of energy - CO2 production in China. One of the dimensions of the concept of ‘civilising’ and the importance of sustainable production and consumption issues in the context of the deepening environmental degradation outlined our goal, which is to present the relationship between the civilised and the sustainable with Chinese characteristics as well as to analyse the level of CO2 pollution. The effect of the above is an attempt to explore the Chinese perception of wenming and to identify regions which are closer to the idea of eco-civilisation. Three variables were adopted for the analysis: i) CO2 emissions, ii) population in a given region, and iii) GDP in a given region. The analysis distinguished four clusters - groups of regions emerging from the dendrogram. Clusters that were isolated using the Ward method can contribute to more precise solutions to fight CO2 emissions and conduct a more appropriate policy related to the possibilities and needs for the production of energy from renewable sources.

PL

Artykuł odnosi się do dwóch zagadnień z pola semantycznego pojęcia „wenming” – i) ucywilizowania o cechach chińskich oraz ii) tematyki energii – produkcji CO2 w Chinach. Jeden z wymiarów koncepcji cywilizowania oraz znaczenia zagadnień zrównoważonej produkcji i konsumpcji w kontekście pogłębiającej się degradacji środowiska nakreślił nasz cel, którym jest przedstawienie relacji między tym, co cywilizowane, a tym, co zrównoważone o chińskiej charakterystyce oraz analiza poziomu zanieczyszczenia CO2. Efektem powyższego jest próba zgłębienia chińskiego postrzegania ucywilizowania i zidentyfikowania regionów bliższych idei eko-cywilizacji. Do analizy przyjęto trzy zmienne: i) emisje CO2, ii) ludność w danym regionie oraz iii) PKB w danym regionie. W analizie wyróżniono cztery klastry – grupy regionów wyłaniające się z dendrogramu. Klastry wyodrębnione metodą Warda mogą przyczynić się do bardziej precyzyjnych rozwiązań w walce z emisjami CO2, do pro-wadzenia bardziej odpowiedniej polityki związanej z możliwościami i potrzebami produkcji energii ze źródeł odnawialnych.

8

Development of insert-bearing waste dies in the circular blanking application

Budiarto H.A., Islameka M., Mahmudah A., Diratama M.Y.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 128, nr 2

58--67

EN

Purpose: The research aims to develop insert dies utilising waste-bearing material and assess their quality for circular blanking applications. Through the study, the viability of waste bearing as a material for insert dies will be evaluated, focusing on its effectiveness in the blanking process. The goal is to contribute to sustainable manufacturing practices by repurposing waste materials and optimising their performance in metalworking applications. Design/methodology/approach: The design methods used in this study are VDI (Verein Deutscher Inginieuer) 2222 and ISO 14006. The research encompasses composition testing, material characterisation, and the fabrication of test equipment using dies made from waste bearings. The methods are employed to evaluate product quality, focusing on cutting performance and service life. Findings: The experiments demonstrated that waste-bearing material exhibits properties like SKD 11, making it a viable alternative for insert dies. The cutting process yielded minimal burrs, indicating its effectiveness. Additionally, implementing waste bearing resulted in a substantial cost savings of 57.7%. The findings suggest that waste bearing holds promise as a sustainable and cost-effective material for insert dies in metalworking applications. Research limitations/implications: One limitation of this study is the requirement of two waste bearings to produce the same output as SKD 11 before requiring grinding. Therefore, future research should focus on optimising the durability and lifespan of waste-bearing insert dies through improved design and maintenance strategies. Developing tools and methodologies to streamline the maintenance process of dies will be crucial for maximising the efficiency and effectiveness of using waste-bearing material in industrial applications. Practical implications: The production of almost the same cutting quality from the use of bearing waste and SKD 11 opens opportunities for small business enterprises in Indonesia in the tool-making and mould and dies fields to use this material as an alternative material. It is due to uncertain market conditions, which cause the price of SKD 11 to increase yearly. Originality/value: The paper presents the original finding that waste-bearing material can serve as a viable alternative for insert dies in metalworking applications. The observation reveals that the burr height generated by waste bearing is comparable to that of SKD 11, despite SKD 11 still outperforming waste bearing in terms of lifetime durability. The value of the paper lies in its contribution to sustainable manufacturing practices by identifying waste bearing as a potential material for insert dies, thus offering cost-saving and environmental benefits to industries involved in metalworking processes. Additionally, it highlights the need for further research to enhance the longevity of waste-bearing insert dies, thereby expanding their applicability in industrial settings.

9

Wpływ nowoczesnych technologii wykorzystywanych w Przemyśle 4.0 na zrównoważoną produkcję

Grzebita Anna Stefania, Cichowicz Michał

Przegląd Techniczny : Gazeta Inżynierska

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2023

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nr 10

25--27

PL

W artykule przedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania nowoczesnych technologii stosowanych w Przemyśle 4.0 wpływających na zrównoważoną produkcję. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na tech nologie takie jak: sztuczna inteligencja, uczenie maszynowe, Internet Rzeczy, robotyzacja, technologie chmurowe, druk 3D, oraz techniki wizji maszynowej (m. in. rzeczywistość rozszerzona i wirtualna). Omówiono też wpływ nowych technologii na ochronę środowiska, ekonomię oraz społeczeństwo, bazując na koncepcie Tripple Bottom Line.

EN

This paper tackles possibilities of using modern technologies applied in Industry 4.0 on sustainable production. Discussed technolo gies include: artificial intelligence, machine learning, Internet of Things, robotics, cloud computing, 3D printing and machine vision techniques (including augmented and virtual reality). It also discusses those elements in the context of environment, economy and society.

10

Etyczne i zdrowe trendy w produkcji żywności w 2023 roku

Stachnik Marta

Kierunek Spożywczy

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2023

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Nr 1

29-32

PL

Zrównoważony rozwój to przyszłość produkcji żywności. Konsumenci domagają się zdrowszych, etycznych i ekologicznych opcji. 2023 zapowiada się jako rok kolejnych innowacji, rozwoju rynku alternatywnych źródeł białka oraz cyfryzacji łańcucha dostaw.

11

Managing of responsible consumption and sustainable production enterprises in the glocalization conditions

Tepliuk Mariia, Sahaidak Mykhailo, Petrishyna Tetiana, Fokina-Mezentseva Katerina, Fomenko Boris, Vasyliev Igor

Acta Innovations

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2023

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no. 48

75--91

EN

The article discusses important issues related to lean production and consumption, providing the author's perspective on the factors and initiatives necessary for their implementation. The paper emphasizes the importance of each stakeholder's role in sustainable development. The agricultural market is analysed, and general steps for implementing a Sustainable Development Strategy are proposed, including simulations of sales and pricing policies after the introduction of sustainable development aspects. With the world's population growing and resources declining, there is a need to meet increasing demand while also conserving water resources, agricultural land, and promoting environmentally friendly labour practices. To achieve this, countries must adopt innovative approaches to responsible consumption and sustainable production, particularly in light of the socio-economic impact of COVID-19. Therefore, it is essential to develop an innovative model of sustainable consumption and production. COVID-19 has become a catalyst for socio-economic change, highlighting the adaptability of countries to change and the necessity for effective restoration and implementation of sustainable production and consumption models. This article explores the management of responsible consumption and sustainable production enterprises in the context of glocalization. It analyses the impact of global trends and local contexts on businesses striving for sustainable development. The article emphasizes the role of leadership, strategic planning, and the implementation of effective management practices in achieving these goals. The authors examine various models and approaches to managing responsible consumption and sustainable production, including concepts of green manufacturing, circular economy, and corporate social responsibility. They consider advanced practices and initiatives in these areas that are already successfully implemented by large and small enterprises. The article also investigates the influence of glocalization on enterprise management. Glocalization is defined as the convergence of global and local factors influencing businesses. It highlights the need for enterprises to adapt their strategies and operations to the specific cultural, social, and environmental contexts in which they operate, while also addressing global challenges related to responsible consumption and sustainable production.

12

The role of green competencies for the sustainability manufacturing grow: preliminary research

Graczyk-Kucharska Magdalena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 159

105--117

EN

Purpose: The EU’s guidelines exert an important influence on companies aiming to accelerate the implementation of green measures and minimise their negative environmental impacts. The objective of this paper is to define the key categories of green organisations and green competences whose development can accelerate the implementation of green processes in companies. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the literature review, a semi-structured qualitative research questionnaire was developed and a pilot study was conducted on four large manufacturing companies. Findings: A list of categories of activities linked to green organisations was developed and key components of green competences were defined. It was shown that performance-related managerial competences are the most important components of green competences for the companies. It was also pointed out that the categories that are the components of green 19 organisations are important and that the degree to which they are met has been increasing over time in recent years. Research limitations/implications: The pilot study was conducted with middle and senior 22 level representatives of four manufacturing companies. Its conclusions will be used to continue the research with a larger sample. Practical implications: The results of the study will allow companies to better adapt to the challenges of sustainability and green organisations. Key green competences and an emphasis on their development in the companies will allow more green organisation areas to be achieved more quickly. Social implications: The development of green organisations has a direct influence on minimising the negative environmental impacts and thereby improving the quality of life for everyone in society. Originality/value: Based on the analysis of the literature, it can be stated that there is no clear definition of green organisations while the variety of measures and their nomenclature in the area of sustainability is extensive. Research in that area contributes to the development of the science of management and quality and represents an important new field of research. This paper is meant for researchers and practitioners as well as HR representatives who work with the issue of green competences and green organisations.

13

Zrównoważona żywność – jakość „Od pola do stołu”

Sikorska Ewa, Samotyja Urszula, Dankowska Anna, Pawlak-Lemańska Katarzyna, Wójcicki Krzysztof (, Wold Jens Petter

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2022

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T. 76, nr 6

15--18

PL

Zrównoważony rozwój systemów żywnościowych powiązany jest z transformacją cyfrową przemysłu spożywczego, ułatwiającą przejście od gospodarki linearnej do gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym. Oparte na koncepcji przemysłu 4.0 systemy kontroli na wszystkich etapach łańcucha żywnościowego i wykorzystanie sztucznej inteligencji do analizy danych, powinny pozwolić na efektywne wykorzystanie surowców, optymalizację procesów, minimalizację ich negatywnego wpływu na środowisko i zapewnienie stałej jakości produktów. Wysoka jakość, uwzględnienie potrzeb konsumentów na etapie projektowania i rozwoju produktów zapewnią żywność o wysokich walorach odżywczych i sensorycznych, i przyczynią się do dobrostanu społeczeństwa i ograniczenia marnotrawstwa żywności. Jednym z wyzwań w przekształceniu przemysłu spożywczego zgodnie z koncepcją przemysłu 4.0 jest opracowanie metod kontroli jakości i ich implementacja w łańcuchu żywnościowym „od pola do stołu”. Prace w tym zakresie wymagają współpracy naukowców i praktyków z różnych dziedzin i są źródłem innowacji.

EN

The sustainability of food systems is linked to the digital transformation of the food industry, which facilitates the transition from a linear to a circular economy. Based on the concept of Industry 4.0, control systems at all stages of the food chain and the use of artificial intelligence for data analysis should allow for the effective use of raw materials, optimization of processes, minimizing their negative impact on the environment and providing high-quality products. High quality, considering the needs of consumers at the stage of designing and developing products, will ensure food with high nutritional and sensory values, and will contribute to the well-being of the socjety and reduce food waste. One of the challenges in transforming the food industry into Industry 4.0 is the development of food quality control methods and their implementation in the food chain ‘from farm to fork’. Work in this field requires the cooperation of scientists and practitioners from various fields and is a source of innovation.

14

Zrównoważona produkcja rolno-spożywcza – wymagania prawne w celu przeciwdziałania zmianom klimatycznym

Wróbel-Jędrzejewska Magdalena, Włodarczyk Ewelina, Polak Elżbieta

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2022

|

T. 76, nr 9

8--14

PL

Scharakteryzowano zagadnienie zrównoważonej produkcji w kontekście ochrony klimatu. Przedstawiono możliwe działania zmniejszające negatywny wpływ na środowisko przemysłu rolno-spożywczego w wyniku poprawy efektywności procesów technologicznych. Wykazano, że branża ta pozostawia silny ślad środowiskowy. Dobrym narzędziem służącym do określenia wpływu produktu lub procesu technologicznego na środowisko jest tzw. ślad węglowy. Określenie aktualnych poziomów emisji f-gazów oraz działania prowadzące do zmniejszenia emisji tych gazów do środowiska naturalnego pozwolą sprostać celom polityki ochrony klimatu. Prawo międzynarodowe i krajowe jest sukcesywnie nowelizowane m.in. w zakresie kontroli poziomów emisji czynników chłodniczych (tzw. f-gazów) przez wykwalifikowane i certyfikowane podmioty.

EN

The issue of sustainable production in the context of climate protection was characterized. Possible measures to reduce the negative environmental impact of the agri-food industry by improving the efficiency of technological processes were presented. The industry has been shown to leaves a strong environmental footprint. A good tool for determining the environmental impact of a product or technological process is the carbon footprint. Knowing the size and reducing the amount of f gases emitted into the environment will help meet climate protection policy goals. International and national legislation are being successively amended, tightening the requirements to combat climate change, including the control of refrigerant emissions by qualified and certified personnel and companies.

15

The study of co-design in the area of manufacturing

Krawczyk-Dembicka Elżbieta, Urban Wiesław, Łukaszewicz Krzysztof

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 6

art. no. e143930

EN

The study is devoted to the co-design concept which is not widely studied in the manufacturing industry area. The concept is just practiced but not theorized and not investigated enough, although it greatly deserves it because of its perspectives and advantages potential in the technology changes era. This study aims to present an investigation of literature views on co-design in manufacturing operations, with the comparison to service literature where it is widely discussed; the study also aims at in-depth investigations of co-design occurrences in two industrial cases of product development to understand their nature and circumstances. In addition, the influence of Industry 4.0 technologies and their coexistence with the concept of sustainability will also be strongly taken into consideration in the empirical part of this study. The process of the individualized production of the industrial line for animal food packing and cardboard packaging production has been studied according to case study methodology. The study demonstrates that co-design could contribute to bettering the process of new product development and achieving products more accurate for the final users’ requirements. It goes hand in hand with one of the core ideas of sustainability, which is to have long-lasting products, exploited by the customer with a high level of satisfaction for a longer time. The study implies that the technologies of Industry 4.0 could support wider and more effective co-design exploitation by manufacturing entities.

16

Production and characterization of natural clay‑free green building brick materials using water treatment sludge and oak wood ash

Harja Maria, Gencel Osman, Sari Ahmet, Sutcu Mucahit, Erdogmus Ertugrul, Hekimoglu Gokhan

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, no. 2

art. no. e79, 1--14

EN

The experimental study investigates the feasibility of using two extensively waste (wastewater treatment sludge and oak wood ash) as raw materials in the manufacture of clay-free bricks. The wastes were characterized by particle-size distribution, chemical composition (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The oak wood ash replaced the water treatment sludge in different amounts (10-30 wt.%) in brick manufacture. The properties of clay-free green building brick were compared with the conventional bricks (obtained by standard methods). The properties depended of waste proportion. The 30 wt.% oak wood ash content achieved increase apparent porosity, with direct effect over water absorption and decreasing compressive strength. By replacing the water treatment sludge with oak wood ash, the CaO content increased, with negative effect over efflorescence on the surface; however, for 30 wt.% oak wood ash is below the imposed limits. Amounts of heavy metals in the leachates of fired samples are observed below the specified limits of the EPA (Environment Protection Authority). Additionally, the clay-free green bricks showed properties similar to the commercial bricks and improved thermal conductivity. The bricks containing 80 wt.% wastewater treatment sludge and 20 wt.% oak wood ash fulfilled standard requirements for clay masonry materials.

17

A Sustainable Journey of Handmade Paper from Past to Present: A Review

Jain Prerna, Gupta Charu

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2021

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Vol. 16, nr 2

234--244

EN

Paper is an excellent medium of expression and knowledge preservation and communication because of its writing, printing, and packaging abilities. It is a thin sheet or web-like structure made by a dilute suspension of cellulosic fibres. Handmade papermaking technology was mass accepted and considered a precious commodity before development of an industrialised wood- pulp based paper industry. This modern papermaking practice harms the environment as it uses enhanced natural resources (ample amount of water, trees as a primary source for wood pulp) and generates pollution due to release of harsh chemicals. This paper reviews the history and process of handmade paper manufacturing from past to present. Along with that, all the pillars of sustainability (environmental, economic, and social) in relation to the handmade paper industry are deep rooted since ancient times and very much relevant for the present era of sustainable development. Various kinds of cellulosic raw materials from plants (Paper mulberry, Kazo, Gampy, hemp, bamboo, banana, etc.) and other used materials (old rags, ropes, nets, newspapers etc.) with the chemical-free production process and products make this industry eco-friendly. Craft based, small scale and labour-intensive guild art gives it social strength; whereas an infinite product range having functional and decorative uses, as well as strong export potential of the industry gives it an economic strength. Due to the present need of sustainable production, waste minimisation, and circular economy, the handmade paper seems to very potential industry to recycle various kind of waste like weedy battles, textiles, tetra packs, currency, plastic etc. This paper is an attempt to review the journey of handmade papers, its recycling potential, various production processes, products, advantages and disadvantages of the industry from past to present.

PL

Papier jest doskonałym środkiem zachowania wiedzy oraz komunikacji ze względu na jego zdolności do pisania, drukowania i pakowania. Jest to cienka struktura przypominająca arkusz lub wstęgę wykonana z rozcieńczonej zawiesiny włókien celulozowych. Technologia ręcznego wytwarzania papieru była powszechnie przed rozwojem przemysłu papierniczego na bazie masy drzewnej. Ta nowoczesna praktyka papiernicza szkodzi jednak środowisku, ponieważ wykorzystuje ulepszone zasoby naturalne (duże ilości wody, drewno jako główne źródło miazgi drzewnej) i generuje zanieczyszczenie z powodu uwalniania agresywnych chemikaliów. W artykule dokonano przeglądu historii i procesu produkcji papieru czerpanego od przeszłości do współczesności. Wszystkie filary zrównoważonego rozwoju (środowiskowy, ekonomiczny i społeczny) w odniesieniu do przemysłu papieru czerpanego występowały już od czasów starożytnych i mają bardzo duże znaczenie dla obecnej epoki. Różne rodzaje surowców celulozowych z roślin (morwa papierowa, kazo, babka, konopie, bambus, banany itp.) i innych używanych materiałów (stare szmaty, liny, siatki, gazety itp.) z bezchemicznym procesem produkcyjnym czynią tę branżę przyjazną dla środowiska. Oparta na rzemiośle, drobna i pracochłonna sztuka cechowa daje jej siłę społeczną; mając na uwadze, że nieskończona jest gama produktów o funkcjonalnych i dekoracyjnych zastosowaniach, a także silny potencjał eksportowy przemysłu, zapewnia jej także mu siłę ekonomiczną. Ze względu na obecną potrzebę zrównoważonej produkcji, minimalizacji odpadów i gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym, papier czerpany wydaje się bardzo idealny do recyklingu różnego rodzaju odpadów, takich tekstylia, opakowania tetra, plastik itp. Ten artykuł jest próbą opisania historii papieru czerpanego, jego potencjału w zakresie recyklingu, a także omówienia różnych procesy produkcyjnych, produktów oraz zalet i wad tej branży.

18

Marnotrawienie żywności – gastronomia jako narzędzie edukacji konsumenta

Gramza-Michałowska Anna

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2020

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T. 74, nr 9

35--39

PL

W Europie marnuje się rocznie ok. 88 mln t żywności, przy czym restauracje stanowią drugie źródło marnotrawionej żywności na poziomie konsumpcyjnym, zaraz po gospodarstwach domowych. Do najczęściej wymienianych przyczyn tego procesu zaliczane są błędy w zarządzaniu zasobami przez producentów żywności i jej dostawców, a także przypadkowość jadłospisu w gospodarstwach domowych i gastronomii. Złożoność struktury organizacyjnej łańcucha żywnościowego spowodowała, że zarządzanie racjonalnym przepływem i zagospodarowaniem żywności stało się wyzwaniem – od pierwotnej produkcji po gospodarstwa domowe. Należy podkreślić, że zmniejszenie ilości marnotrawionej żywności i odpadów w gastronomii wymaga zdecydowanych zmian w sposobie jej funkcjonowania, w powiązaniu z akceptacją klientów i zwiększeniem ich udziału w aktywnym ograniczaniu marnowania żywności.

EN

In Europe, 88 million tons of food are wasted annually, with restaurants representing the second source of food waste at the consumption level, after households. The most frequently mentioned reasons for this process are included mismanagement errors by food producers and suppliers, as well as the randomness of the menu in households and restaurants. The complexity of the organizational structure of the food chain has made managing the rational flow and disposal of food a challenge, starting with primary production and ending with households. However, it should be noted that reducing the amount of food waste in gastronomy requires drastic changes in the way it operates, in connection with customer acceptance and increasing their participation in the active reduction of food waste.

19

Sustainable Improvements for Customized Platform Effectiveness in Garment Production

Ji Yong, Jiang Gaoming, Cong Honglian

Autex Research Journal

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2019

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Vol. 19, no. 4

355--362

EN

This study uses sustainable development theory to analyze China’s garment industry, which has been under pressure of high energy consumption, excess capacity and environmental pollution. The purpose of this work is to explore customized platform effectiveness on fashion design and production by the integration of clothing ceo-design (CED) and clothing life cycle evaluation. By cooperation and data analyses, garment companies come into being, which provides information for the study on customized platform effectiveness. Meanwhile, this paper begins with addressing the potential problems for fashion design, production and inventory management, making a distinction between garment virtual design (GVD)and personalized garment customization (PGC) and suggesting a useful computer-aided approach for fashion design and production process. The data and information were gathered from garment companies in China. This work presents the findings from case study research into sustainable improvements for fashion design and production in the garment industry; in this way, the level of customized platform may be compared and analyzed, which is a significant growth point of sustainable improvements for this research and practice domain.

20

Application of selected methods of industrial engineering in enterprises in the context of sustainable production

Fidlerová H., Mĺkva M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Quality. Production. Improvement

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2018

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No. 2 (9)

71--91

EN

Application of methods and tools of industrial engineering is from our experience often disconnected from the strategy and core activity of the company and this influences the possibility to get synergic effect for entrepreneurship and for all stakeholders including environment and future. For capturing the synergies, it is imperative to implement system approach on the all levels of management and to create innovative environment. Objective of papers is twofold. Firstly, it gives a comprehensive overview of the most used methods and tools in industrial engineering to improve quality and effectiveness in context the sustainable development. Secondly, it gives a deep insight in application of before introduced methods in companies in Slovakia featuring discussions on cross-disciplinary cutting policy issues from the management perspective, such as economical, environmental and societal impact on the stakeholders and environment.