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1

Piany luminescencyjne – opracowanie technologii autorskiej

Majsiak Lena, Mazurczyk Wiktoria

Szkło i Ceramika

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2025

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R. 76, nr 3

47--55

PL

Opisana technologia pian luminescencyjnych jest wynikiem połączenia dwóch indywidualnie opracowanych technologii. Autorskie szkliwa luminescencyjne umożliwiają wytwarzanie obiektów ceramicznych stosowanych jako alternatywne źródło światła, zaś piany ceramiczne to materiały o właściwościach dźwiękochłonnych, podlegające wielokrotnemu recyklingowi. Wykonanie wspólnego tworzywa podyktowane było celem uzyskania kombinacji właściwości obu tych autorskich materiałów i poszerzenia tym samym obszaru badań i możliwości przyszłych zastosowań. Niniejszy artykuł przybliża specyfikę zagadnień związanych z luminescencją i pianami ceramicznymi oraz opisuje wspólnie opracowaną technologię i towarzyszącą jej drogę badawczą.

EN

The described luminescent foam technology is the result of combining two individually developed technologies. Luminescent glazes enable the production of ceramic objects used as an alternative light source, while ceramic foams are materials with sound-absorbing properties that can be recycled multiple times. The realization of a joint material was motivated by the goal of combining the properties of both original materials and thus expanding the area of research and possibilities for future applications. This article introduces the specifics of issues related to luminescence and ceramic foams and describes the collaboratively developed technology and the accompanying research path.

2

Formation of concavities on the ends of parts manufactured on CNC skew rolling mills

Pater Zbigniew, Bulzak Tomasz, Tomczak Janusz, Shu Xuedao, Xia Yingxiang

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 25, no. 1

art. no. e8, 2025

EN

This study investigates the problem of concavity formation on the ends of parts manufactured on CNC skew rolling mills. Numerical modeling and Taguchi method were used to determine the effects of the main parameters of skew rolling (i.e., forming angle, skew angle, reduction ratio, temperature, steel grade, dimeter ratio, velocity ratio) on the depth of concavities formed on the product ends. The simulations showed that the only parameter to have a significant impact on the concavity depth was the reduction ratio. The FEM results were then used to establish equations for calculating concavity depth and allowance for excess material with concavity. For more universality, the established equations took into account the billet diameter. The experimental validation showed high agreement between the numerical and the experimental concavity depths.

3

Experimental aeroacoustic studies of selected three types of helicoidal resonators

Łapka Wojciech, Jakubowski Piotr

Vibrations in Physical Systems

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2024

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Vol. 35, nr 1

art. no. 2024102

EN

The paper presents experimental studies of selected three types of helicoidal resonators carried out on an aeroacoustic laboratory stand with the use of pink noise and a duct terminated with a reverberation chamber. The same ratio s/d = 1.976 is considered for three numbers of helicoidal turns n = 0.671, n = 0.695 and n = 1.0. The results of the acoustic attenuation performance depending on the air flow velocity were compared in relation to the numerical tests carried out, which resulted in a decrease in resonance frequencies with an increase in the air flow velocity. The measurements were carried out with a high resolution of the FFT spectrum in order to illustrate the changes in the acoustic attenuation performance as accurately as possible. One-third octave bands of flow noise studies were also carried out.

4

Krajowe laboratorium sieci i usług PL 5G: kierunki badań i perspektywy rozwoju techniki 5G/6G

Bęben Andrzej, Sosnowski Maciej, Jóźwiak Witold, Woźniak Józef, Gierłowski Krzysztof, Hoeft Michał, Natkaniec Marek, Boryło Piotr, Belter Bartosz, Furmann Maksymilian, Schauer Patryk, Falas Ł., Wawrzyński A., Michalski Igor, Więcek Dariusz

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2024

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nr 4

33--42

PL

Artykuł przedstawia unikatową infrastrukturę badawczą PL 5G opracowaną w ramach projektu „Krajowe laboratorium sieci i usług 5G wraz z otoczeniem” oraz kierunki badań dotyczących techniki 5G oraz przyszłej sieci 6G. Laboratorium umożliwia prowadzenie praktycznych eksperymentów, w środowisku zbliżonym do warunków sieci operatorskiej, dotyczących rozwoju techniki 5G/6G, a także szerokiego spektrum jej zastosowań w środowiskach terenowych, tj. morskim, lotniczym, przemysłowym czy miejskim. Przedstawiono również przykładowe eksperymenty wykorzystujące rozważaną infrastrukturę.

EN

The article presents the unique infrastructure of the National Laboratory for Advanced 5G Research (PL 5G) and the research directions for beyond 5G and future 6G systems. The laboratory enables practical experiments in an environment similar to the operator's network regarding the development of 5G/6G technology and a wide range of its applications in maritime, aviation, industrial, and urban environments. We also present some exemplary experiments to illustrate infrastructure capabilities.

5

Study on failure modes and calculation method of the cast steel joint with branches in treelike structure

Chen Feng, Sun Yun, Sun Shuxuan, Song Da, Liu Yangbing

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 70, nr 1

589--604

EN

The treelike structure links members and transfers loads via its solitary cast steel joint with branches. Therefore, the joint’s bearing capacity significantly affects the treelike structure’s stability, security, and economics. This paper utilized experimental verification and numerical modeling to examine the mechanical behavior of cast-steel joints with branches in the treelike structure under various loading conditions. Then, researchers investigated the failure process and mechanism of joints, and the three most common failure modes were outlined. Furthermore, the researchers proposed the bearing capacity calculation formula based on the common failure modes. The results show that the three common failure modes of the cast-steel joints with branches under different loading conditions are the failure in the joint core area under the axial load, the failure in the main pipe compression side under eccentric load, and the failure in the compression side of the single branch pipe root when the single branch pipe is under the uneven load. The suggested empirical calculation method can serve as a reference point for similar engineering practices design.

6

Zależność wartości współczynnika przepływu C od grubości kryzy z wlotem stożkowym

Golijanek-Jędrzejczyk Anna

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 11

20--25

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań numerycznych i eksperymentalnych pięciu kryz z wlotem stożkowym o współczynniku przewężenia  równym 0,24, o grubości od 2,5 mm do 31 mm (każda ścięta skośnie pod kątem 45°) umieszczonych w wodnej instalacji hydraulicznej przy przepływach laminarnych i turbulentnych. Uzyskane rezultaty potwierdziły, że wraz ze wzrostem grubości (w badanym zakresie liczb Reynoldsa od 1690 do 14430) tego typu kryzy wartość współczynnika C dąży do wartości 0,9.

EN

This paper presents the results of a numerical and experimental study of five conical inlet orifices with a reduction ratio  equal to 0.24, with thicknesses ranging from 2.5 mm to 31 mm (each bevelled at 45°) placed in a hydraulic system with water medium in laminar and developed turbulent flows. The results confirmed that as the thickness increases (in the range of Reynolds numbers studied, from 1690 to 14430) of this type of orifice, the value of the C -factor tends to be 0.9.

7

Evaluating experimental activities in Czech chemistry textbooks: A critical analysis

Špísová Klára, Rusek Martin

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology

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2023

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R. 28, NR 1-2

93--104

EN

This study analysed the nature and integration of experimental activities in Czech lower-secondary chemistry textbooks which are currently in use. Focusing on four dominant textbook series (published since 1990’s), and one recently (2019) published and certified, it investigated the offered types of student activities, their cognitive demands, placement in the educational process, and inquiry levels. The findings reveal two distinct groups of textbooks based on the quantity of experimental activities. Some textbooks align with traditional teaching methods, emphasising teacher-led demonstrations, while others attempt a balance between safety concerns and student engagement. However, a general lack of focus on higher-order cognitive skills and inadequate scaffolding for scientific process skills development was found. The results showed future research should investigate the impact of experimental activities on student outcomes, highlighting the need for more modern approaches in chemistry education.

8

Experimental identification of the force and moment characteristic of symmetrically and non-symmetrically profiled annular seals

Kuhr Maximilian M. G., Pelz Peter F.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 6

art. no. e147062

EN

In modern turbomachinery, the performance and reliability is often limited by shaft vibrations induced by fluid film forces and moments of (i) plain or (ii) profiled annular seals. Therefore, these narrow annuli are mainly responsible for the overall system behaviour, i.e. safe operation and maintenance intervals. However, many studies focus only on the characteristics from the forces due to the translational motion, although the influence of the rotordynamic tilt and moment coefficients is well known. Therefore, these additional coefficients are much less researched. Especially, for profiled seals, the availability of reliable experimental data for validation purpose is rare. To overcome this fact, a test rig is operated at the Chair of Fluid Systems at the Technische Universität Darmstadt. The generic experiments presented here investigate the force and moment characteristic of plain, symmetrically profiled and non-symmetrically profiled annular seals within the relevant parameter range for turbulent flows in pumps. The investigations focus on the influence of the annulus length as well as the pressure difference across the annulus.

9

Experimental tests of laminated glass with embedded steel mesh subjected to in-plane loading

Kozłowski Marcin, Wasik Dominik

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

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2023

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Vol. 16, no. 3

77--88

EN

This article presents the issue of the in-plane post-breakage capacity of laminated glass elements. It presents the results of an ongoing research project that aims to develop novel reinforced, laminated glass elements with embedded steel woven mesh and increased post-breakage capacity. The research was focused on tensile strength tests in a custom-made experimental set-up. The tests were carried out on laminated glass samples consisting of two glass panes with 8, 10 and 12 mm thicknesses, bonded with an EVA Clear interlayer (3.04 mm thick). A total of 36 reference and reinforced samples were tested (6 series of 6 samples each). During the tests, an increase in load after glass breakage was observed for all samples, however, the samples reinforced with steel mesh showed much better strength in the post-breakage phase. It was found that the steel woven mesh embedded in laminated glass increases the post-breakage capacity by approximately 300% compared to the reference samples.

10

Krajobraz i jego ocena w ujęciu fenomenologicznym

Bonenberg Wojciech

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura Wnętrz

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2022

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Z. 8

31--41

PL

Artykuł ma charakter eksperymentu okazjonalnego prezentującego fenomenologiczne podejście do badań krajobrazu oraz przykład krytycznej ich oceny z punktu widzenia wartości, jakie badania te wnoszą do dyscypliny naukowej architektura i urbanistyka.

EN

The article has the character of an occasional experiment presenting a phenomenological approach to landscape research. Particular attention has been paid to the usefulness of such methodological instruments for assessing landscape context in architecture and urban planning

11

Model of the city

Słyk Jan

Przestrzeń i Forma

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2022

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nr 50

55--64

EN

The design and development of cities is the most complicated phenomenon in the domain of shaping space. It is the result of planned human activities related to land parcellation, building infrastructure, establishing safety rules, creating a friendly scale and aesthetics of public spaces. It is also the result of spontaneous processes that take place without strict control. It is influenced by economy, demography, environmental factors, as well as wars, conflicts, and competition between entities. In architecture, it is possible to build knowledge and competences by performing tests on a 1:1 scale. Although expensive and difficult, it sometimes brings the desired results and opens the perspective to new design techniques. In urban planning, the subject of creative activities is too complex to test final solutions. The time from design to implementation is too long to use your own experience even indirectly. The only way to test urban ideas in the conceptual phase is to create models. Both geometric and social features could be represented. The most perfect contemporary models attempt to comprise many processes of city functioning, including spontaneous activities conditioned by external and internal factors.

PL

Proces powstawania i rozwoju miast jest najbardziej skomplikowanym zjawiskiem w obszarze zagadnień przestrzennych. Jest wynikiem planowych działań człowieka dotyczących podziału gruntu na parcele, budowy infrastruktury, tworzenia zasad bezpieczeństwa, kreowania przyjaznej skali i estetyki wnętrz publicznych. Jest także rezultatem spontanicznych procesów toczących się bez ścisłej kontroli. Mają na nie wpływ ekonomia, demografia, czynniki środowiskowe, a także wojny, spory, rywalizacja podmiotów. W architekturze możliwe jest budowanie wiedzy i kompetencji poprzez wykonywanie prób w skali 1:1. Choć kosztowne i trudne, przynosi niekiedy pożądane rezultaty i otwiera drogę ku nowym technikom projektowania. W urbanistyce, przedmiot działań twórczych jest zbyt złożony, aby testować gotowe rozwiązania. Czas upływający od projektu do realizacji jest zbyt długi, aby nawet pośrednio korzystać z własnych doświadczeń przy kolejnych próbach. Jedynym sposobem testowania rozwiązań urbanistycznych w fazie koncepcyjnej jest tworzenie modeli. Reprezentowane są w nich zarówno cechy geometryczne jak i społeczne. Najdoskonalsze współczesne modele starają się uwzględniać wiele procesów funkcjonowania miast, w tym również procesy spontaniczne uwarunkowane przez czynniki zewnętrzne i wewnętrzne.

12

Planowane krajowe laboratorium badawcze sieci i usług 5G wraz z otoczeniem

Burakowski Wojciech, Bęben Andrzej, Sosnowski Maciej, Więcek Dariusz, Michalski Igor, Woźniak Józef, Gierłowski Krzysztof, Hoeft Michał, Schauer Patryk, Warzyński Arkadiusz, Natkaniec Marek, Boryło Piotr, Binczewski Artur, Belter Bartosz, Furmann Maksymilian

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2022

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nr 4

110--115

PL

Przedstawiono koncepcję infrastruktury PL-5G pt. Krajowe laboratorium sieci i usług 5G wraz z otoczeniem. Laboratorium to będzie ważną infrastrukturą badawczą w kraju, która powinna w istotny sposób przyczynić się do ukierunkowania praktycznych badań dotyczących nowych generacji dla infrastruktur sieciowo-obliczeniowych Internetu. Laboratorium to będzie zlokalizowane w czterech miastach, tj. w Gdańsku, Krakowie, Poznaniu i Wrocławiu i będzie miało wspólny system sterowania eksperymentami. Korzystanie z laboratorium będzie zdalne, co umożliwi zespołom krajowym z innych lokalizacji efektywne korzystanie z jego zasobów. Przewiduje się, że będzie również wykorzystywane w procesie dydaktycznym realizowanym przez uczelnie techniczne. Termin zakończenia budowy laboratorium przewiduje się na koniec 2023 r.

EN

The paper describes concept of PL-5G infrastructure entitled: National laboratory of 5G networks and services jointly with measurement tools and applications. The laboratory will be important element for improving research on new generation infrastructure for the Internet. It will be located in 4 cities, i.e. in Gdańsk, Kraków, Poznań and Wrocław. Common control system will manage all running experiments. Access to the laboratory will be remote to allow all researchers from Poland for effective usage of resources. The laboratory will be also usable for improving didactic process in technical universities. The laboratory will be open at the end of 2023.

13

Biomechanika zderzeń. Podejścia, źródła informacji, eksperymenty, modelowanie

Wdowicz Daniel

Paragraf na Drodze

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2022

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Nr 3

9--23

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wybrane zagadnienia związane z metodami eksperymentalnymi i symulacyjnymi biomechaniki zderzeń. Podana została definicja biomechaniki zderzeń, jako szczególnej dziedziny na pograniczu nauk inżynierskich i medycznych. Przedstawiono koncepcyjny schemat działań związanych z prowadzeniem naukowych badań biomechanicznych. Omówione zostały pokrótce źródła wiedzy biomechanicznej, takie jak testy na zwierzętach, ochotnikach, zwłokach, manekinach oraz symulacje numeryczne. Dla każdego ze źródeł wiedzy wymieniono jego zalety oraz ograniczenia. Odnotowano, że chociaż badacze napotykają wiele wyzwań związanych z prowadzeniem eksperymentów i symulacji biomechanicznych, to istnieje duży potencjał w wykorzystaniu osiągnięć biomechaniki nie tylko w przemyśle, lecz także w rekonstrukcji wypadków.

EN

The aim of the article was to present an overview of experimental methods in impact biomechanics. The definition of impact biomechanics as a special branch combining engineering and medical sciences is provided, together with a conceptual scheme of biomechanics research in the pipeline. Various sources of biomechanical data are briefly described, such as animal testing, volunteer testing, cadaver and anthropomorphic test devices (dummy) testing and numerical simulations. Advantages and drawbacks of each of these information sources are discussed. Many challenges related to conducting biomechanical experiments and simulations are indicated. However, there is a great potential for utilizing the accomplishments of impact biomechanics not only in industrial applications, but also in the practice of road accident reconstruction.

14

Quantitative assessment of the influence of plasma hardfacing parameters on the metallurgical melting of an austentic steel coating with a substrate material made of C45 steel

Bazychowska Sylwia, Starosta Robert, Dudzik Krzysztof

Journal of KONBiN

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2022

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Vol. 52, iss. 3

27--51

EN

In this paper, based on a quantitative analysis of the parameters of plasma hardfacing of C45 steel with CastoMag 45554S wire, an optimisation of the hardfacing process parameters has been carried out. Experimental researches were carried out on the basis of an orthogonal plan, and the optimum hardfacing parameters, e.g.: intensity, voltage, wire feeding speed, were determined by the multiple regression method and the Taguchi method. It was found that the main current of the plasma arc had the greatest influence on the value of the fusion index. The highest S/N value was obtained for the following parameters: I = 120 A, U = 31 V, vn = 0.75 m/min, vd = 3.9 m/min, z = 12 mm.

PL

W oparciu o ilościową analizę parametrów napawania plazmowego stali C45 drutem CastoMag 45554S dokonano optymalizacji parametrów procesu napawania. Badania realizowano na podstawie planu ortogonalnego, a optymalne parametry napawania np.: natężenie, napięcie, prędkość podawania drutu zostały wyznaczone metodą regresji wielokrotnej oraz metodą Taguchi. Ustalono, że największy wpływ na wartość współczynnika wtopienia ma natężenie prądu głównego łuku plazmowego. Największą wartość współczynnika S/N uzyskano przy parametrach: I = 120 A, U = 31 V, vn = 0,75 m/min, vd = 3,9 m/min, z = 12 mm.

15

Digital image stabilization for the experimental verification of object motion trajectories

Piątkowski Tomasz

Journal of Automation, Electronics and Electrical Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 4, No. 2

23--30

EN

The article presents digital stabilization procedure of the image recorded with a camera performing unintentional spatial movement in relation to the scene. This method consists in carrying out translational and rotational transformations and scaling all frames in relation to the first frame, using the tools of the Matlab environment. The image stabilization procedure allows to effectively improve the image to make it suitable for the analysis of the tracked objects trajectories on the scene, observed from the camera located on the rotor drone.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono procedurę cyfrowej stabilizacji obrazu zarejestrowanego kamerą wykonującą niezamierzony ruch przestrzenny względem sceny. Metoda ta polega na przeprowadzeniu transformacji translacyjnej, obrotowej i skalowaniu wszystkich kadrów względem kadru pierwszego, wykorzystując narzędzia środowiska Matlab. Procedura stabilizacji obrazu pozwala skutecznie uzdatnić obraz, by nadawał się on do analizy torów ruchu śledzonych obiektów na scenie, obserwowanej z kamery umieszczonej na dronie wirnikowym.

16

The Use of GFRP Tubes as Load-Bearing Jackets in Concrete-Composite Columns

Abramski Marcin, Chmielnicki Błażej

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2022

|

Vol. 32, no. 2

96--117

EN

The paper presents the fields of applications of polymer composites in building structures. The use of composite glass fibre tubes is discussed in more detail. The laboratory methods used to test the mechanical properties of these pipes are presented. An original research program is presented, including six concrete-filled glass fibre tubes. The cylinders and columns made in this way were tested for their axial load capacity. Conclusions were formulated regarding the relationship between the load-bearing capacity of the test elements and their length, as well as the angle of glass fibres arrangement in the tube composite.

17

Science curiosities cabinet and the chemical showcase

Szydło Zbigniew A.

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology

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2022

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R. 27, NR 1-2

79--103

EN

With the drastic reduction of the school chemistry teaching program in England in 1986, large quantities of apparatus and chemicals became redundant. The disused apparatus at Highgate School inspired the construction of a chemical showcase for pupils; this has encouraged pupils to develop a passion for chemistry. The idea of a “miniature museum” came from a visit to a local primary school in London, which had a beautiful science curiosities cabinet in one of its rooms. In both schools, sciences thrive, and are popular among pupils. Undoubtedly a display of assorted artefacts, which can be readily accessed by pupils, makes a significant impact on developing their interest in science. It is hoped that the story of these ventures will inspire teachers to make their own versions of these excellent and easily constructed educational facilities.

18

Study on Reclamation of CO2-hardened Sodium Silicate Used Sands by CaO Powder

Lu Jijun, Yang Lei, Qian Jiangbing, He Wei, Wang Huafang

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, iss. 3

99--106

EN

Aiming at the problems of wet reclamation consuming a lot of water, dry (mechanical) reclamation having wear and power consumption, this paper to find suitable reclamation reagents to reduce the influence of harmful substances in used sodium silicate sands. By comparing the reclamation effect of CaO, Ca(OH)2 and Ba(OH)2 reclamation powder reagents, it was concluded that CaO had the best reclamation effect. Through the single factor experiment, the influence of CaO on the reclamation effect was explored: 1. addition amount of CaO; 2. the additional amount of water; 3. reclamation time. The orthogonal results showed that the CaO reclamation effect was the best when the amount of CaO was 1.5%, the amount of sodium silicate was 4.0%, the amount of water added was 6.0%, and the reclamation time was 12.0h. In this experiment, 82.2% carbonate and 75.0 % silicate in used sands can be removed. The microscopic analysis of the reclamation sands was carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM); The surface was relatively smooth, without large area cracks and powder accumulation. Compared with the used sands, the instant, 24h ultimate, and residual strengths of the reclaimed sands were increased by 536.5%, 458.1%, and 89.8%, respectively, which was beneficial to the reclamation of the CO2 sodium silicate used sands.

19

Numerical and experimental study on forming preforms in a CNC skew rolling mill

Pater Zbigniew, Tomczak Janusz, Bulzak Tomasz, Walczuk-Gągała Patrycja

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, no. 1

art. no. e54, 2022

EN

This paper relates to a study on the formation of elongated preforms in a CNC skew rolling mill. First, a numerical analysis was performed to investigate forming processes for three different parts: a scraper, a connecting rod, and a hook. The shapes and dimensions of preforms were designed, and rolling and closed-died forging processes for producing these parts were simulated numerically. Distributions of temperature, effective strain and damage function were determined for rolled preforms. Loads and torques in the rolling process were measured. It was found that the forming process of preforms performed in a CNC skew rolling mill was characterized by relatively low force parameters in relation to the dimensions of formed parts. Numerical simulations of the forging process showed that all forged parts had the required shape, which indicates that the preforms were designed correctly. Following the numerical analysis, experiments were performed in which the preforms were rolled under laboratory conditions (in a scale of 1:2). Experimental results demonstrated that the rolled parts had no internal defects (cracks) and were characterized by high dimensional accuracy.

20

Hydrothermal alteration of chevkinite: insights from natural rocks and experiments

Macdonald Ray, Bagiński Bogusław

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2022

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Vol. 72, no. 4

413--421

EN

The contributions of the members of the Department of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Warsaw, to the study of the chevkinite-group of minerals (CGM) are described. The range of research topics includes: (i) geochemical and mineralogical studies of natural occurrences of the group, and attempts to relate their chemical composition to host lithology; (ii) detailed analysis of the hydrothermal alteration of CGM in various settings, with the aim of understanding element redistribution and the potential implications for ore formation. An ongoing series of high P-T experiments is providing quantitative information on the pressures, temperatures and melt water conditions under which the alteration assemblages have formed. Various spectroscopic techniques are being used to determine the structure of the CGM and to identify cation distribution in the structures.