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EN
A general classification of facility layout criteria, including the planning approach, material handling configuration, department area, layout generation approach, metaheuristic approach, and layout evaluation approach has been achieved through numerous reviews of facility layout. Based on dynamic planning approach research, the companies and industries as significant users of the facility layout, necessitate a more detailed and exhaustive review of the layout optimization (re-layout) strategy. However, that review remains incomplete. This paper aims to fill the gap between the industry's practical needs and existing research on dynamic planning facility layout by conducting a literature review to identify various facility layout criteria and factors categorized by industry layout type, providing companies with clearer guidance for their layout decisions. A reference that provides a comprehensive analysis of the relevant characteristics, methods, and factors in determining layout types will be helpful to decision-makers as a strategy in facility layout. This literature review analyzed 44 articles from the Scopus database between 2014 and 2024. These articles were selected through a screening process from 1278 articles using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method which has proven effective in obtaining key articles on specific research topics. The results of this review present a classification of facility layout criteria based on layout type in industries complemented by the development of a checklist as an initial screening tool for the industry to optimize the layout. Further, it enhances the theoretical advancement of the dynamic planning approach by identifying areas for future investigation.
2
Content available Od diagnozy do świadomej strategii
PL
Obecne wymagania dla przemysłu w Europie są bezprecedensowe: regulacje środowiskowe, zielony ład, opłaty klimatyczne, globalna konkurencja, presja na optymalizację kosztów. W tym kontekście, efektywne utrzymanie ruchu przestaje być jedynie funkcją wsparcia, a staje się strategicznym filarem sukcesu przedsiębiorstwa.
EN
Increasing energy efficiency will be crucial to achieving the climate goals laid out in European Union directives. This is particularly true for industries whose share of heat and energy consumption, with Poland as an example, is about one-third of the total. This challenge entails implications both for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, especially CO2, and for maintaining the competitiveness of EU industry on the global market. This article presents the basic principles and application of an Energy Management System – EMS – in industrial processes, together with the monitoring of Key Energy Performance Indicators – KPIs – as a tool for making informed investment decisions to improve the energy efficiency of companies and industrial processes. An attempt is made to present the situation in Poland in terms of the energy situation, with a focus on the automotive industry as an example.
EN
Culture - this is what remains when you forget everything you have learned. S. Lagerlof Purpose: In the cognitive space of the article, an important and significant social challenge arises, which is the preservation of cultural heritage in transformed post-industrial areas. Methodology: the theses presented in the article were verified using the following methods: literature review, critical analysis of literature, analysis and comparison of documents and an example of good practices. Result: the literature research confirms that the protection of cultural heritage is an important factor in socio-economic development. By preserving and using cultural heritage, the economic, cultural and social value of transformed post-industrial areas can be increased. Originality: The literature research confirms that the protection of cultural heritage is an important factor in socio-economic development. By preserving and using cultural heritage, the economic, cultural and social value of transformed post-industrial areas can be increased.
EN
Purpose: the aim of the work is to study the impact of selected economic factors on the level of gross salaries in the industry sector in Poland in the years 2005-2020. Design/methodology/approach: in the first stage of the research, the Pearson linear correlation between the average gross salary in industry and the adopted variables was examined. Then, a multiple regression model was created, which aims to indicate which of the adopted variables best explain the development of the average gross salary in industry. Findings: the construction of the econometric model allowed us to indicate that the factors that best explain the average gross salary in industry are the average gross salary in the economy and the volume of domestic demand. Research limitations/implications: there are many alternative models that may lead to different results by subsequent authors of scientific papers. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct further research to identify the factors shaping gross salaries in industry. Originality/value: the article raises an important topic regarding economic factors affecting the level of salaries in industry. The existing literature lacks research specifically focused on salaries in the industry.
6
Content available Law aspects of the industrial property management
EN
Industrial property rights are exclusive rights that provide a monopoly on the use of specific goods, resulting from national, regional or international regulations. Industrial property can be protected by: patents granted for inventions. protection rights for utility models. Industrial property objects of enterprises protected by law are following: inventions, utility models, industrial designs, trademarks, geographical indications and topographies of integrated circuits. Authors presents legal solutions and case studies on selected enterprises presenting the issues of industrial property rights protection. Paper contains also analysis of statistical data on industrial property application procedures and recommendations for enterprises that concern industrial property safety management related to conditions of industry 4.0.
EN
Increasing energy efficiency will be essential to achieving the climate goals laid out in Euro-pean Union directives. This is particularly true for industries, whose share of heat and energy consumption, using Poland as an example, is about one-third of the total. This challenge has implications both in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly CO2, but also for main-taining the competitiveness of EU countries' industries in the global market. Implementation in industrial processes of energy management systems - EMS, monitoring energy key perfor-mance indicators - KPI, is a tool for making informed investment decisions, in increasing en-ergy efficiency of enterprises and industrial processes. There is the Industrial Energy Manage-ment System (IEMS), which focuses on energy efficiency in industrial processes, the Building Energy Management System (BEMS) for buildings, such as commercial buildings, and the Home Energy Management System (HEMS), which is becoming increasingly popular for residential users and small properties. The concept of measuring, or rather calculating, the Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) of a man-ufacturing process is derived from the broader concept of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in general. The PCF is expressed in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) equivalent units, or CO2-eq. The essence of the PCF calculation is a multi-faceted approach to addressing the sources of GHG emis-sions, from the acquisition of raw materials, their processing with tools and the energy supplied to the process, through the supply chain and transport to the customer. Each of these stages generates a cost in the form of greenhouse gas equivalent (GHG) emissions to the environ-ment, and the sum of these costs is the present carbon footprint (PCF). Typically, the majority of a product's PCF comes from the extraction and pre-processing of the raw material itself.
PL
Postęp, który przez ostatnie dekady opierał się na paradygmacie nieustannego wzrostu, produkcji, sprzedaży, wynagrodzeń kadry menadżerskiej oraz poszukiwaniu tanich rynków produkcji i zarabianiu na dystrybucji - dynamicznie i głośno odchodzi do przeszłości. Dzieje się tak głównie za sprawą rewolucji powodowanej odchodzeniem od tradycyjnych gałęzi przemysłu ku technologiom opartym na metalach ziem rzadkich.
EN
This study examines the impact of industrial water consumption by calculating the Water Footprint (WF) of major industrial products produced in Jordan. The WF assessment considers the entire supply chain, which is divided into the blue and grey WF, using chain-summation and stepwise accumulative approaches. A total of 28 industrial subsectors were analyzed, and comprehensive data was collected from diverse statistical databases for the period 2011–2013. The information covered various aspects including water consumption quantities, wastewater generation amounts, industrial production quantities, and additional relevant data obtained from industry surveys, environment surveys, and economic statistics provided by the Department of Statistics of Jordan. The results indicate that the mining of chemical and fertilizer minerals subsector had the highest blue WF at 13,517 m3 /kg, while the highest grey WF was found for the refined petroleum products subsector at 1,193 m3 /kg. Conversely, the lowest blue WF was observed in the chemical products subsector, and the lowest grey WF in the rubber products subsector. The average internal blue and grey WFs for the year 2011 were 733 m3 /kg for blue water and 202 m3 /kg for grey water. In 2013, these averages were 915 m3 /kg for blue water and 108 m3 /kg for grey water. This study reveals notable trends in industrial water consumption, providing valuable insights for policymakers in Jordan, highlighting the need for sustainable water management practices and informing strategies to address water scarcity and pollution issues in the industrial sector.
PL
Celem niniejszego opracowania jest przeanalizowanie wpływu zużycia wody w przemyśle poprzez obliczenie śladu wodnego (WF) dla głównych produktów przemysłowych wytwarzanych w Jordanii. Ocena WF obejmuje cały łańcuch dostaw, który jest podzielony na niebieski i szary WF, przy użyciu metod sumowania łańcuchowego i stopniowej akumulacji. W ramach badań przeanalizowano łącznie 28 podsektorów przemysłowych, a kompleksowe dane zebrano z różnych baz statystycznych za okres 2011–2013. Informacje te obejmowały różne aspekty, w tym ilości zużywanej wody, ilości generowanych ścieków, ilości produkcji przemysłowej oraz dodatkowe istotne dane uzyskane z ankiet przemysłowych, ankiet środowiskowych i statystyk ekonomicznych dostarczonych przez Departament Statystyki Jordanii. Wyniki wskazują, że podsektor wydobycia minerałów chemicznych i nawozowych miał najwyższy niebieski WF wynoszący 13 517 m3 /kg, podczas gdy najwyższy szary WF, wynoszący 1193 m3 /kg, odnotowano w podsektorze rafinacji produktów naftowych. Najniższy niebieski WF wykazano dla podsektora produktów chemicznych, natomiast najniższy szary WF odnotowano w podsektorze produktów gumowych. Średni niebieski i szary WF w roku 2011 wynosił odpowiednio 733 m3 /kg dla wody niebieskiej i 202 m3 /kg dla wody szarej. Natomiast w 2013 roku te średnie wynosiły 915 m3 /kg dla wody niebieskiej i 108 m3 /kg dla wody szarej. Przeprowadzone badania ujawniają znaczące trendy w zużyciu wody przez przemysł, jak również dostarczają cennych informacji dla decydentów, podkreślając potrzebę zrównoważonych praktyk zarządzania wodą oraz wskazując strategie na rozwiązanie problemów związanych z niedoborem wody i zanieczyszczeniem w sektorze przemysłowym.
PL
Nowy switch zapewnia wysokie parametry i dużą niezawodność w środowisku przemysłowym. Red Lion, producent innowacyjnych technologii, zapewniających organizacjom przemysłowym dostęp do danych oraz ich łączenie i wizualizację, ogłasza wprowadzenie na rynek niezarządzanego switcha Ethernet N-Tron NT116, zaprojektowanego do zastosowań wymagających niezawodnej pracy w aplikacjach krytycznych w trudnych warunkach przemysłowych.
11
Content available remote Key Factors Influencing Mobile Banking Adoption in Saudi Arabia
EN
The introduction of mobile banking has revolutionized traditional financial practices, enhancing efficiency, customer experiences, and business models globally. Despite these advancements, mobile banking adoption remains low in Saudi Arabia. This paper seeks to fill this gap by examining the significance of factors that either drive or hinder adoption. We propose a novel model integrating factors from the DeLone and McLean (D&M) model and factors from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model, complemented by additional factors. Quantitative data was collected through online questionnaire from a diverse sample of Saudi banking customers, supplemented by qualitative insights from customer interviews. Findings revealed that net benefits, compatibility, facilitating conditions, and trust positively influence adoption, while literacy levels and digital skills pose barriers. Our study offers a significant theoretical contribution by synthesizing multiple models and enriches understanding of mobile banking adoption, aiding future research and industry decision making.
EN
The paper provides an analysis of the impact of the values of cutting tool inclination strategies and angles measured in the parallel and perpendicular to feed direction, radial depth of cut and feedrate on the surface roughness. The workpiece was made of the AISI H13 steel, hardness 50 HRC, and was machined using a ball-nosed end mill with CBN edges. The research methodology involved experiments conducted based on the Taguchi orthogonal array, optimization of parameters with the use of Taguchi method and process modelling using neural networks. Thanks to the use of neural networks, the analyses were performed for various levels of machining efficiency, obtained as a result of different radial depths of cut and feedrates. In order to obtain mathematical models well-describing strongly nonlinear impact of the cutting tool inclination strategies and angles, a separate neural network learned for each tool inclination strategy. The prediction of results was made using a set of neural networks. The analyses and experiments resulted in surfaces with very low Ra parameter of 0.16 μm and mathematical models with a good fit to the experimental data. Values of the cutting tool inclination angle that allow obtaining the surface of specific surface roughness were specified for various levels of machining performance.
EN
This study attempts to explain why the space in the centre of Katowice is formally called “The Market Square” even though the square itself no longer exists. Some archival documents and existing studies are analysed. The evolution of the market square in Katowice is presented against the background of historical and economic transformations, putting an emphasis on depicting valuable and interesting architecture that was irretrievably lost and replaced with entirely new urban fabric. Moreover, the article aims to show that the region of Upper Silesia does not only constitute industrial plants but also, created by the mixture of cultures and nationalities, other types of architecture, that was irretrievably lost. It was found out that the market is not actually the main square.
PL
Jak już pisaliśmy w lutowym numerze „Przeglądu Papierniczego”, polski rząd uruchomił program pomocy dla energochłonnych gałęzi przemysłu, związany ze znacznym wzrostem cen prądu i gazu [2]. W sierpniu br. ma być uruchomiona druga tura naboru. Kwota wsparcia to 5,5 mld PLN, a szacowana liczba firm uprawnionych do udziału – ok. 3000. Program ma złagodzić skutki wzrostu cen prądu i gazu, a tym samym utrzymać ciągłość działania zakładów produkcyjnych i zapobiec masowym zwolnieniom pracowników. W celu zwiększenia możliwości udziału dla firm, w procesie naboru rozszerzono kryteria związane z kodami PKD. Mianowicie, możliwość udziału otrzymały wszystkie firmy z sekcji B (górnictwo i wydobywanie) oraz C (przetwórstwo przemysłowe).
PL
Z powodu stale rosnących cen energii i transformacji energetycznej prowadzącej do zmniejszenia energochłonności, przemysł w Polsce stoi przed poważnym wyzwaniem. Na wzrost cen energii mają wpływ m.in. wojna w Ukrainie i odcięcie dostaw surowców (nie tylko energetycznych) z Rosji, a także pandemia Covid-19. W związku z taką sytuacją, UE podjęła stanowcze działania mające na celu znaczącą redukcję dostaw towarów z Rosji, a jednocześnie objęcie wsparciem najbardziej narażonych sektorów gospodarki.
PL
Europejski sektor tektury falistej ma ambicję osiągnięcia neutralności klimatycznej najpóźniej do 2050 roku. Ambicja ta obejmuje pełny ślad węglowy sektora – konieczna jest więc współpraca z całym łańcuchem wartości. Aby wprowadzić sektor na wiarygodną ścieżkę prowadzącą do neutralności klimatycznej, FEFCO (Europejska Federacja Producentów Tektury Falistej) w ścisłej współpracy z członkami, opracowało mapę drogową neutralności klimatycznej.
PL
Celem artykułu jest naświetlenie problemów rozwoju europejskiego przemysłu obronnego oraz prób jego reformowania. Prezentowany tekst został opracowany na podstawie dokumentów Europejskiej Służby Działań Zewnętrznych, w strukturach, których funkcjonują między innymi: Sztab Wojskowy UE oraz Europejska Agencja Obrony. W 2017 roku powołano kilka instytucji, które miały na celu modernizację oraz integrację kilkuset rozproszonych europejskich przedsiębiorstw zbrojeniowych i wyposażenie ich w konkurencyjne technologie. Ważną rolę w tej dziedzinie odgrywają Europejski Fundusz Obrony oraz Roczny Skoordynowany Przegląd Obronny (CARD). W 2022 r. procesy integracyjne w dziedzinie obronności zostały przyspieszone z powodu agresji Rosji przeciwko Ukrainie, a także po przyjęciu nowej strategii bezpieczeństwa Unii Europejskiej zwanej „Kompasem Strategicznym”. Europejska Agencja Obrony opublikowała także rezultaty i wnioski CARD 2022.
EN
The aim of the article is to highlight the problems of development of the European defense industry, and the attempts to reform it. The presented text was prepared on the basis of documents of the European External Action Ser-vice, in the structures of which they function, and among others the EU Military Staff and the European Defense Agency. In 2017, several institutions were established to modernize and integrate several hundred dispersed European defense companies and equip them with competitive technologies. The European Defense Fund and the Coordinated Annual Review on Defense (CARD) play an important role in this area. In 2022, integration processes in the field of defense were accelerated due to Russia's aggression against Ukraine, as well as after the adoption of a new European Union security strategy called the Strategic Compass. The European Defense Agency has also published the results and conclusions of CARD 2022.
18
PL
Ostatnia dekada przyzwyczaiła odbiorców energii elektrycznej do systematycznego wzrostu cen. Na przestrzeni lat 2015-2019 średnia cena energii elektrycznej na rynku dnia następnego rosła ze średnio 151,70 PLN/MWh do 241,41 PLN/MWh, tj. o niemal 60% w ciągu 4 lat. Tempo wzrostu cen energii elektrycznej w drugiej dekadzie XXI stulecia, powodowane głównie trwającą na terenie całego Starego Kontynentu transformacją energetyczną, było odczuwalne w portfelach odbiorców, ale co do zasady przebiegało w mniej więcej stałym tempie.
EN
The presented work aims to show an alternative solution for replacing mineral resources used in producing geopolymers with waste materials with good thermal conductivity parameters and a stable structure. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, a material that is coal mine waste from the Wieczorek mine in Silesia was used to produce geopolymers. In the preparation phase of geopolymer foams, the ground and calcined material were combined with a 10M sodium silicate hydroxide solution and a foaming agent reinforced with hemp fibres. The curing process was carried out in a laboratory dryer at 75°C for 24 h. After 28 days after the preparation of the samples, the strength and thermal insulation properties were tested. Findings The tested effect of adding fibres on the mechanical strength of foamed geopolymers proves the strength improvement. The use of short hemp fibres increases strength compared to samples without reinforcement. Hemp fibre in 0.5% also reduced the thermal conductivity coefficient by almost 15%. Research limitations/implications Wastes generated during coal mining are interesting research material regarding their use as precursors in geopolymerisation. An important issue is to improve their preparation process from crushing to geopolymers' preparation phase. The chemical composition of shales is a limitation in their use on an industrial scale. Therefore, it is also recommended to test with various types of nano additives that can effectively affect the properties of the finished product. Practical implications The properties of coal waste from the Wieczorek mine in Silesia show its high potential for use in geopolymer synthesis. The use of the waste is ecological as well as economical, making the material competitive. Originality/value A novelty in the production of geopolymers is the production of porous materials using waste from the mining industry.
20
Content available Sustainable Industrial Development in Vietnam
EN
Vietnam is one of the countries with the highest industrial growth rate in the world. However, growing in the industry is based on the width factor and labour - intensive industries and assembly. The goal set out to 2030 is to turn Vietnam into a Middle-Income Country (MIC) with a modern industry that poses many challenges, requiring the industry to need stronger restructuring to improve competitiveness. competition and deeper participation in global value chains. From the analysis of the current situation of industrial development in Vietnam, the article identifies the limitations in the sustainable development of Vietnam's industry and gives orientations and solutions to promote the sustainable development of Vietnam's industry in the context of Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the digital economy.
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