Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Attributes of modal choice in an industrial-based urban area: A case study on Savar Paurashava

Fahim Ashraf Uddin, Alam Md. Khorshed, Salim Md. Adnan Arif, Bhuiyan Md. Al-Fahad

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

|

2023

|

Vol. 8, No. 1

63--72

EN

Road transportation does an excellent job of connecting Savar's inner and outer areas, but it might be difficult for commuters to decide which mode of transportation to employ because residents of Savar come from a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds. It is necessary to do in-depth research on the characteristics of people in the study region who choose different modes of transportation to achieve the goal of selecting a certain mode for their travel. Where a person lives can have a significant impact on their typical patterns of travel behavior. People who live closer to the center of things have access to a wider variety of amenities than those who live further away, and as a consequence, their travel patterns are distinct from one another. The study's findings indicate that several factors, including income, age, gender, and vocational qualities and goals, influence a commuter's preferred method of transportation. When it comes to selecting a mode of transportation, the most predictable factors to take into account are trip time and cost. After conducting research, it was found that most excursions are made from this place to Motijheel, Tejgaon, and Savar Export Processing Zone for their services, businesses, and jobs, respectively.

2

An empirical study of air transport demand forecast in Nigeria

Nwaogbe Obioma R., Monday Adebayo, Wokili-Yakubu Huwa

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

|

2023

|

Vol. 8, No. 1

6--23

EN

The study aims to estimate the air travel demand forecast for domestic passengers' travels in Nigeria from 2002-2016. Data resourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria, the National Bureau of Statistics, and the Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria. The study utilized a multiple regression model using a Stata-Graphic software solver to analyze the data. From the analysis, the result shows that there is a significant relationship between the explanatory variable (passengers) and unexplanatory variables National Disposable Income, Population, Average Airfare, Gross Domestic Product, Exchange Rate, Total Expenditure, and Crude oil price, accounted for adjusted R of 93.624% relationship with demand for domestic air travel of passenger. The R-square statistic shows that the fitted model explains the variability in the number of passengers (NPAX), which is 96.8124%. The Hypothesis testing reveals that National Disposable Income and Airfare have a strong statistically significant relationship with the demand for domestic air travel with a P-value of 0.0013. Mores, a statistically significant relationship exists between National Disposable Income, Average airfare, and Crude oil price with P-values of 0.0017 and 0.0445, respectively. Furthermore, a forecast of the number of passengers and average airfare was carried out using ARIMA (1,0,0) model, which made available the future predicted values for the number of passenger movements and average airfare for the next 10-12 years to come. Thus, the study recommends that stakeholders in the air transport sector should work towards improving the capacity and infrastructure to accommodate the growth of air travel demand for domestic air travel in Nigeria. Policy implications were made on regulating the sector by having a good pricing policy to control the air fare for the industry.

3

The Sustainable Development Paradigm

Ogryzek Marek

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 17, no. 1

5--18

EN

The article discusses the evolution of the concept of sustainable development and briefly discusses its definition. The study, based on Polish and foreign literature sources, uses the method of literature analysis with elements of inductive reasoning. This is a review article, whose aim is to present both positive and critical approaches to the idea of the sustainable development of space.

4

Modular distributed models of production systems: a Petri nets based approach

Davidrajuh Reggie, Krenczyk Damian, Skolud Bożena

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

|

2023

|

Vol. 71, nr 2

art. no. e144621

EN

Modeling and simulation are key performance analysis and control techniques to optimize decision-making as well as design and operate complex production systems. They are also indicated as one of the technological pillars of modern industry and IT solutions supporting the implementation of the roadmap toward Industry 4.0 in the areas of digital transformation and automation. In the context of the required rapid transformation of today’s enterprises, it becomes extremely important to look for solutions that allow the use of the existing infrastructure, information, and energy, so as to minimize the negative impact of new technologies and the transformation process itself on the environment. The article presents an approach to modeling large and complex production systems with the use of distributed Petri net models allowing the use of the possessed IT infrastructure as consistent with the idea of sustainable development in the activities of enterprises. This eliminates two major problems that render traditional models unusable. The first is related to the difficulties in analyzing and verifying models of enormous size and infinite space of states. The second is related to the required computing power, if such analyzes are to be performed on one computing unit, which would force the producers to replace the IT infrastructure. For this purpose, modular Petri nets are introduced. Other benefits of modularization, such as smaller components that can be independently analyzed, are also presented in the paper. The proposed modular Petri net has been implemented in the proprietary GPenSIM software. The paper is complemented by a practical example of industrial modeling of production systems with automated guided vehicles (AGVs) using the Modular Model with Intelligent Petri Modules.

5

The role of green competencies for the sustainability manufacturing grow: preliminary research

Graczyk-Kucharska Magdalena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2022

|

z. 159

105--117

EN

Purpose: The EU’s guidelines exert an important influence on companies aiming to accelerate the implementation of green measures and minimise their negative environmental impacts. The objective of this paper is to define the key categories of green organisations and green competences whose development can accelerate the implementation of green processes in companies. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the literature review, a semi-structured qualitative research questionnaire was developed and a pilot study was conducted on four large manufacturing companies. Findings: A list of categories of activities linked to green organisations was developed and key components of green competences were defined. It was shown that performance-related managerial competences are the most important components of green competences for the companies. It was also pointed out that the categories that are the components of green 19 organisations are important and that the degree to which they are met has been increasing over time in recent years. Research limitations/implications: The pilot study was conducted with middle and senior 22 level representatives of four manufacturing companies. Its conclusions will be used to continue the research with a larger sample. Practical implications: The results of the study will allow companies to better adapt to the challenges of sustainability and green organisations. Key green competences and an emphasis on their development in the companies will allow more green organisation areas to be achieved more quickly. Social implications: The development of green organisations has a direct influence on minimising the negative environmental impacts and thereby improving the quality of life for everyone in society. Originality/value: Based on the analysis of the literature, it can be stated that there is no clear definition of green organisations while the variety of measures and their nomenclature in the area of sustainability is extensive. Research in that area contributes to the development of the science of management and quality and represents an important new field of research. This paper is meant for researchers and practitioners as well as HR representatives who work with the issue of green competences and green organisations.

6

The need of supervision and control over transport of slaughter animals as the part of growing awareness of animal rights and sustainable development

Budzik Anna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2022

|

z. 158

95--119

EN

Purpose: The article presents issues related to the transport of slaughter animals in terms of sustainable development and during the time of increased interest in animal rights. The aim of the article is to analyze the functioning of transport companies involved in the transport of animals. The first part of the article presents issues related to animal welfare, which is part of the concept of sustainable development. Particular attention was paid to the issue of welfare during the transport of farm animals to the slaughterhouse. Methodology: The article presents the results of the Supreme Audit Office on the transport of animals, which were carried out in 1998, 2003, 2005 and 2017, and the results of inspections belonging to the tasks of the Veterinary Inspection in the Silesian Voivodeship in 2019 and 2020.Then the author presents her research results. The survey was conducted among the owners of enterprises handling the transport of slaughter animals in the Silesian Voivodeship and among drivers and guards of these enterprises. 94 business owners and 92 drivers transporting animals participated in the study. Chi-square tests were used to show the relationship between the variables Findings: On the basis of the conducted research, it was found that the control system is conducive to the enforcement of the law in the field of transport of animals for slaughter in enterprises. Originality/value: In the context of sustainable development, the subject of animal welfare is being increasingly regarded as essential. Ensuring animal welfare is now the key issue for public opinion, livestock farmers, animal rights organizations, entrepreneurs, transport companies and slaughterhouses. The awareness of people related to publicizing animal abuse is increasing, and we as consumers also have a right to know how animals were treated on farms and during transport.

7

Innovation and sustainability as a crucial trend in energy sector project management – literature review

Jarosz Szymon, Sołtysik Mariusz, Zakrzewska Małgorzata, Włodyka Karol, Mesjasz Czesław, Kozłowski Artur

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2022

|

z. 157

173--194

EN

Purpose: Project management is a universally recognized methodology for business and project activities. Organisations are increasingly using project activities to achieve strategic benefits. It is purposed to optimize the time, human and financial resources, without deviating from the planned quality of the final product of the project and while maintaining the principles of sustainability. The energy sector is no exception. The purpose of this paper is to determine trends in energy sector project management. Design/methodology/approach: To present the research concerning project management in energy sector innovations the literature review process was carried out. The analysis of keywords, abstract, and on this basis further deeper analysis of scientific texts allowed to identify trends in project management in the energy sector. There is a research gap in research summarizing trends in the description of the issue of project management in the energy sector. Findings: The literature analysis presented indicates that the interest of scientists is largely directed towards sustainable projects in the energy sector. This has to do with global trends not only in the energy sector but in every sector of the economy. Energy project management should continue to focus on becoming more sustainable, especially when more and more organizations are aware that their strategy should include ecological sustainability, such as eco-innovation and environmental innovation. Originality/value: It is one of the few scientific texts that touches on the problem of project management in the energy sector. In terms of implications, studies have shown that particular emphasis should be placed on the aspects of project teams creating sustainable innovations for the sector, as well as neutralizing the carbon footprint of the project teams themselves.

8

Distributed ledger technology for supply chain and public governance as a response for sustainability issues

Zaczyk Mateusz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2022

|

z. 156

539--555

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to systematize the problems faced by modern supply chains and problems observed in the field of public governance, as well as to indicate solutions to these problems based on the currently developing Distributed Ledger Technology. Design/methodology/approach: The purpose of the article was achieved based on a thorough analysis of contemporary scientific articles and a number of industry reports, as well as websites of institutions involved in the development of DLT with particular emphasis on Blockchain technology. Moreover, two case studies on DLT implementation were presented. Findings: A number of problems have been identified related to the sustainable development of supply chains and societies. They can be systematized by taking into account the concept of the triple bottom line. There are DLT solutions that emphasize sustainable development. Examples of such solutions are described in the article. Research limitations/implications: (if applicable) If research is reported on in the paper, this section must be completed and should include suggestions for future research and any identified limitations in the research process. Practical implications: The use of DLT-based systems in supply chain management and in public management solves specific problems. The article shows how the architecture of DLT systems contributes to the increase in the transparency of the supply chain or public service. Moreover, the article indicates that the implementation of blockchain solutions contributes to increasing the trust in the supply chain management and public governance. Social implications: Described examples of DLT application show a number of benefits for society in terms of pro-ecological behavior, as well as in terms of security of data flowing through the public services system, which is often the subject of public concern. Originality/value: The originality of the article is to emphasize the importance of DLT for shaping sustainable development and to present the described technology as a way to reduce the negative impact of problems identified in the area of both supply chain management and public governance.

9

Digitization of business activities and human resources orientation on sustainable consumption and production

Okręglicka Małgorzata

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2022

|

z. 159

317--326

EN

The main aim of the paper is to study the impact of the level of digitization of business activities on the human resources orientation on sustainable consumption and production (SCP) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach: During the research process, a survey was conducted among 140 SMEs in Poland at the beginning of 2020. The multiple regression model was built to find the link between the variables. Findings: Statistical analysis indicated that digitization did not have a clearly positive impact on employees’ orientation towards SCP. Among the analysed variables, negatively correlated relationships appeared, especially in the area of the digitization of contacts with the customers. Research limitations: As limitations, it can be pointed the managerial approach during survey research, limited research group, as well as the study period excluding pandemic time. Originality/value: The novelty of the research manifests itself in in the fact that the research problem was applied to the small and medium-sized enterprises, instead of to corporations.

10

Przyczynek do przeminięcia z wiatrem

Majcher Jerzy

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

|

2022

|

R. 90, nr 12

4--8

PL

Autor felietonu nie kieruje motta osobowo, ale zwraca uwagę na przewagę narracji tzw. „głównego nurtu”, której dominantą jest kolor zielony. Nie należy antagonizować też różnych technologii wytwarzania energii elektrycznej, głównie tych które w nieprawidłowy sposób nazywane są „odnawialnymi”, ponieważ energia co do fizycznej zasady odnawialna nie jest z racji chociażby podstawowego prawa sprawności energetycznej. Co najwyżej można mówić o wykorzystaniu do wytwarzania niektórych jej naturalnych źródeł energii, takich jak m.in.: Słońce, ruch powietrza i powstającego wiatru oraz ruch wody, zaliczanych administracyjne do źródeł bezemisyjnych, bo z pewnością nie odnawialnych.

11

Funkcje i znaczenie mikrosieci w systemie elektroenergetycznym

Burek Krzysztof

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

|

2022

|

R. 90, nr 5

8--13

PL

W artykule opisano: funkcje, strukturę i znaczenie budowania mikrosieci w systemie elektroenergetycznym z punktu widzenia stabilności, rosnącej podatności na awarie zasilania, ograniczenia poboru energii z dużym śladem CO2. Wprowadzenie do struktur sieciowych magazynów energii oraz technologii wodorowej stanowi ważny kierunek rozwoju i wzmacniania dystrybucyjnych sieci energetycznych średniego i niskiego napięcia. Dodatkowo opisano przykład zastosowania mikrosieci dla zakładu komunikacji miejskiej, który wpisuje się w elementy transformacji energetycznej kraju w aspektach elektromobilności.

EN

The article describes the functions, structure and importance of building a microgrid in the power system from the point of view of stability, increasing susceptibility to power failures, limitation of energy consumption with a large CO2 footprint. The introduction of energy storage and hydrogen technology into the grid structures is an important direction for the development and strengthening of medium and low voltage distribution power networks. In addition, an example of the use of microgrids for a public bus depot plant was described, which fits into the elements of the country’s energy transformation in aspects of electromobility.

12

Trade Openness, Foreign Direct Investment and Sustainable Agriculture in Africa

Ju Ping, Anser Muhammad Khalid, Osabohien Romanus, Ochuba Onyinye, Ahuru Rolle Remi, Ashraf Junaid

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 1

246--255

EN

This study applied a panel data of 37 African countries in examining the impact of trade openness and foreign direct investment on sustainable agriculture towards the attainment of the United Nation (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially, SDG-2, with the aim of ending extreme hunger, achieve food security and improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. Data for the study was sourced from the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) and World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank, for the period 2005 – 2019. To control for endogeneity, the study engaged the system Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The result shows that FDI and trade openness have significant negative impact on agricultural sustainability in Africa. This result implies that, increase in FDI may decrease agricultural sustainability by 0.00294%, while increase in trade openness may lower agricultural sustainability by 0.430066 %. Therefore, the study concludes that while trade openness is negative, policy to raise local production towards export promotion should be encouraged. In addition, FDI should be encouraged to augment local employment and investment towards increasing output and productivity in the Africa region.

PL

W artykule wykorzystano dane panelowe z 37 krajów afrykańskich w badaniu wpływu otwartości handlu i bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych na zrównoważone rolnictwo i osiągnięcie Celów zrównoważonego rozwoju ONZ, zwłaszcza SDG-2, który ma za zadanie wyeliminowanie skrajnego głodu, osiągniecie bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego oraz promowanie zrównoważonego rolnictwa. Dane do badania pochodzą z Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) oraz World Development Indicators (WDI) Banku Światowego i obejmują lata 2005-2019. W celu kontroli endogeniczności w badaniu wykorzystano system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). Wyniki pokazują, że Bezpośrednie Inwestycje Zagraniczne (FDI) i otwartość handlu mają znaczący negatywny wpływ na zrównoważony rozwój rolnictwa w Afryce. Wynik ten implikuje, że wzrost FDI może obniżyć zrównoważenie rolnictwa o 0,00294%, podczas gdy wzrost otwartości handlu może obniżyć zrównoważenie rolnictwa o 0,430066 %. Z tego wynika, że chociaż otwartość handlu jest negatywna, należy zachęcać do polityki zwiększania produkcji lokalnej w kierunku promocji eksportu. Ponadto należy zachęcać do FDI w celu zwiększenia lokalnego zatrudnienia i inwestycji w celu zwiększenia produkcji i produktywności w Afryce.

13

Sustainable Development and Sustainable Science. Where We Came From, Where We Are Now and Where We Are Heading? Part I: The History of the Concept

Drastichová Magdaléna

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 2

7--18

EN

This work focuses on the origin, the history and milestones that led to the conceptualization of sustainable development (SD). Not only is the concept of SD broad, but it is often used interchangeably with the more general (but sometimes also more specific) concept of sustainability. The concept of SD is analysed based on its development and relationships with sustainability and related scientific (theoretical) and practical concepts. The rationale behind this work lies in clarifying the meaning of SD, including the concept of sustainability, and, on the basis of this, identifying the main ways of moving closer towards the aims of SD, including quality of life and wellbeing. The limitations of the concept are identified and summarized, as are the alternatives to SD and sustainability. The rationale behind this work lies not only in the clarifying of the SD concept, but also in the normative evaluation of this concept in relation to the wellbeing and quality of life of the Earth’s population for an infinite time period, while maintaining the supply of ecosystem services which the planet provides, taking into account that these resources are not only a source of people’s wellbeing, but are essential for people’s survival in general. Hence this work includes an in-depth sophisticated consideration of the SD concept based on its historical development, with a focus on the most crucial milestones, as well as normative assessments of the concept resulting from this knowledge.

14

Storytelling for Behavior Change: Use of Folktales for Promoting Sustainable Behaviors

Mitra Soumita, Sameer Ahmed

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 2

243--247

EN

Our Earth has been entangled in different adverse effects resulting from the excessive human interference into the territory of nature. The habit of extracting and consuming indiscriminately is moving them to a situation, where their own future generation would not be able receive benefits of the natural resources. It has also been recognized that human action is perhaps the most significant contributor to this. And therefore, a proper equilibrium, i.e., sustainable development, could only be achieved by bringing about a change in human behavior in general. We explore the possibility of using indigenous knowledge for encouraging sustainable behaviors. We propose a model for behavior change through storytelling by using folktales. We argue that folktales serve three functions – epistemic, motivational, and ethical – which make them potent tools for promoting sustainable behavior. We conclude by pointing out limitations and suggestion for future research.

15

Natural Resources in Function of Sustainable and Competitive Toursim Development of the EU Countries

Stanišić Tanja, Milićević Snežana, Krstić Bojan

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 1

64--70

EN

Natural resources are the base of tourism development and competitive position in the tourism market of many tourist destinations. At the same time, the issue of their use in the function of tourism development is very complex and must be based on the idea of sustainability. The paper examines the importance of natural resources for the competitiveness of tourism in the European Union (EU). The aim of this paper is to consider the relationship of natural resources and tourism competitiveness in the EU countries, as well as to identify countries of good practice, but also countries that require improvement of natural tourism attractions and their activation in function of competitive and sustainable tourism development. In accordance with the defined aim of the research, correlation and cluster analysis are applied in the paper. The results of the research can benefit the creators of tourism development policy, because they enable the selection of indicators of availability and attractiveness of natural resources that can be improved, as well as countries in which special attention should be paid to more successful tourism valorization of natural resources.

PL

Zasoby naturalne są podstawą rozwoju turystyki i pozycji konkurencyjnej na rynku turystycznym wielu destynacji turystycznych. Jednocześnie kwestia ich wykorzystania w funkcji rozwoju turystyki jest bardzo złożona i musi zgodna z ideą zrównoważonego rozwoju. Artykuł analizuje znaczenie zasobów naturalnych dla konkurencyjności turystyki w krajach Unii Europejskiej (UE). Celem niniejszego artykułu jest rozważenie relacji zasobów naturalnych i konkurencyjności turystycznej w krajach UE, a także wskazanie krajów dobrych praktyk, ale także krajów, które wymagają zmian w traktowaniu przyrodniczych atrakcji turystycznych i ich aktywizacji w funkcji konkurencyjnej i zrównoważonej rozwój turystyki. Zgodnie z wyznaczonym celem badań w pracy zastosowano analizę korelacji i skupień. Wyniki badań mogą przynieść korzyści twórcom polityki rozwoju turystyki, ponieważ pozwalają na dobór wskaźników dostępności i atrakcyjności zasobów przyrodniczych, które można poprawić, a także krajów, w których należy zwrócić szczególną uwagę na skuteczniejszą waloryzację turystyczną zasobów naturalnych.

16

Feminist Mining: A Step Towards Sustainable Mininig in India

Singh Priya, Behura Ajit Kumar

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 1

235--245

EN

Economic growth and development with least harm to the environment is one of the biggest challenges for the human. Mining which is considered to be the most inherently unsustainable industry, is at the same time, plays key role in the development process in India and across Globe. It occupy primary position in the supply chain, contributing to the foreign direct investment, exports, government taxes, GDP (National Income) and provide huge labour employment. This paper studies industrial elimination of women, prolong industrial patriarchy, impetuous production, rising demand pressure has added to the quadrupling problems of land degradation, disposal of over burden/waste discharge, deforestation, pollution(air, water, and noise), and damage to forest flora and fauna, occupational health hazards and extreme global environmental damage in a rapid, continuous manner. These continuous and multi-layered problems are giving us reason to re-visioning steps, where we went wrong. Theoretical foundation of eco-feminism traces that negligence and suppression of women in general and in the mining industry, is one of the probable cause that hit environment fiercely. With this in mind, this paper suggests theory of eco-feminism into male centric mining industry as a perspective which is more likely to lead to industrial sustainability, making it more responsible and may provide pro-environmental solutions to the industry. This feminist concept extending it from individualistic level into mining organisations proposes as one of the alternative to combine ecology and commerce to envision sustainability.

PL

Wzrost gospodarczy i rozwój przy jak najmniejszej szkodliwości dla środowiska to jedno z największych wyzwań dla człowieka. Górnictwo, które jest uważane za najbardziej z natury niezrównoważony przemysł, odgrywa jednocześnie kluczową rolę w procesie rozwoju w Indiach i na całym świecie. Zajmuje podstawową pozycję w łańcuchu dostaw, przyczyniając się do bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych, eksportu, podatków rządowych, wzrostu PKB (Dochodu Narodowego) i zapewnia ogromne zatrudnienie. Ten artykuł bada przemysłową eliminację kobiet, przedłużanie patriarchatu przemysłowego, gwałtowną produkcję, rosnącą presję popytową, która przyczyniła się do problemów degradacji gruntów, usuwania nadmiernego obciążenia / odprowadzania odpadów, wylesiania, zanieczyszczenia (powietrza, wody i hałasu) oraz szkód flory i fauny leśnej, zagrożeń dla zdrowia w miejscu pracy i ekstremalnych globalnych szkód środowiskowych w szybki i ciągły sposób. Te ciągłe i wielowarstwowe problemy dają nam powód do rewizji działań, w których popełniliśmy błędy. Teoretyczne podstawy ekofeminizmu dowodzą, że zaniedbania i represje wobec kobiet w ogólności i w górnictwie są jedną z prawdopodobnych przyczyn działań, które mocno uderzają w środowisko. Mając to na uwadze, niniejszy artykuł przedstawia teorię eko-feminizmu w przemyśle wydobywczym zorientowanym na mężczyzn jako perspektywę, która z większym prawdopodobieństwem doprowadzi do zrównoważonego rozwoju przemysłu, czyniąc go bardziej odpowiedzialnym i może zapewnić prośrodowiskowe rozwiązania. Ta feministyczna koncepcja, rozszerzająca ją z poziomu indywidualistycznego na organizacje górnicze, proponuje jako jedną z alternatyw połączenie ekologii i handlu w celu osiągnięcia zrównoważonego rozwoju.

17

Do the Outbreak of COVID-19 Influence the China Stock Market?

Ashraf Junaid, Gnahe Franck Edouard Gnahe, Huang Fei-Ming, Rizk Zeinab

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 2

59--68

EN

This study aims at the impact outbreak of COVID-19 influence Chinese currency and stock market over the period December 2, 2019, to January 04, 2021. The Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Homoscedastic approach captures the most common stylized fact about index returns (such as multivariate to capture the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchange). Our finding shows the explosive process and risk premium for the Shenzhen stock exchange (SSE) and Shanghai stock exchange (SZSE) index. And the standard deviation depreciation of the Chinese currency during the COVID-19 equivalent to 0.46% improved stock market return by 81% average returns. These results explain that high volatility of index returns is present in the Chinese stock market over the sample period. According to the analysis results, it can be concluded that the number of new cases and the number of recent deaths have a significant effect on the stock market, causing uncertainty in the sustainability.

18

Circular Economy as a Model of Achieving Sustainable Development

Roleders Viktoriia, Oriekhova Tetyana, Zaharieva Galina

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 2

178--185

EN

The essence of the concept of circular economy was determined. The processes of transition to a circular economy are analyzed, as a result of which three levels are distinguished: efficient use of materials; product life extention; smart production and use of products. The connection between the circular economy and sustainable development was implemented. The main business models of the circular economy are considered: Resources recovery, Sharing platforms, Product life extension, Product as a service, Circular suppliers. Strategies and tools of circular economy are developed. The world experience of waste utilization is considered.

19

Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater in Bhojpur District of Bihar, India: A Threat to Sustainability

Ranjan Avinash, Kumari Pammy

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 2

218--229

EN

Arsenic contamination of water is now a global problem. More than 100 countries, including India, are facing a high level of arsenic in the groundwater. There is a wide range of negative impacts of arsenic contamination on society and the economy, threatening sustainability in the contaminated areas. To examine the magnitude and effects of arsenic in the Shahpur block of the Bhojpur district, Bihar, India, we tested groundwater samples from many different locations. The household survey and personal interviews were conducted to find out the societal response to this problem. Sample testing results confirm that there is a high rate of arsenic contamination in the area. Our study found that; low education level of the area is hampering the sustainable solution of the problem. We came to know that people who are suffering from arsenic diseases are discriminated against the society. Further, we have also found that the economic burdens of arsenic contamination are more on the marginalized section of the community. Since crops are irrigated with high arsenic concentrated water, soil quality is degrading, responsible for poor agriculture output and economic loss. It has also been found that most of the mitigation measures employed are not sustainable in the long term. Awareness regarding arsenic toxicity is needed for the sustainable intervention of this problem. After examining all the mitigation measures, we concluded that rainwater harvesting and rooftop rain harvesting is the most sustainable and cost-effective measure to tackle this menace.

20

Sustainable energy supply management in the mechanical-engineering industry

Mikhno Inesa, Redkva Oksana, Udovychenko Viktoriia, Tsimoshynska Oksana, Koval Viktor, Kopacz Michał

Polityka Energetyczna

|

2022

|

T. 25, z. 4

39--54

EN

Increasing energy security in the face of rising energy demand and declining funding for fossil fuels has necessitated the diversification of energy supply and the shift to renewable energy. Sustainable management of energy supply is aimed at achieving a low-carbon intensity of production, especially in energy-intensive industries, including the mechanical-engineering industry. The article examines the possibility of shifting the current mechanical-engineering enterprise system and the technical, environmental and economic indicators of production to the new concept of the green economy, which will be an alternative to the further sustainable development of the industry. This article analyzes key approaches to energy conservation. An analytical model has been developed for calculating the energy risk of the mechanical-engineering enterprise and has built a context diagram of mechanical-engineering production, taking into account the environmental impact and the possibility of energy modernization, which allows the setting of strategic goals to ensure the sustainability of energy supply in the mechanical-engineering industry and develop the main principles of efficient enterprise activities in the context of increased risk. It has been proven that one of the criteria for increasing the profitability indicator is the adaptability of enterprises to external conditions and increasing alternative options for obtaining energy from our own autonomous sources.

PL

Coraz większe wymagania związane z bezpieczeństwem energetycznym, następujące w obliczu rosnącego zapotrzebowania na energię i malejącego finansowania paliw kopalnych, doprowadziło do konieczności dywersyfikacji dostaw energii i przechodzenia na nowe – alternatywne źródła energii. Zarządzanie dostawami energii w świetle wymogów zrównoważonego rozwoju ma na celu osiągnięcie niskiej emisyjności produkcji, zwłaszcza w branżach energochłonnych, w tym inżynierii mechanicznej – przemyśle maszynowym. W artykule przeanalizowano możliwość zmiany funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw z branży maszynowej w kierunku nowej koncepcji „zielonej gospodarki” oraz wpływ tych zmian na produkcję oraz powiązane z nią wskaźniki techniczne, środowiskowe i ekonomiczne. Może to stanowić alternatywę dla osiągania dalszego zrównoważonego rozwoju tej branży. W artykule przeanalizowano kluczowe podejścia do zarządzania źródłami energii. Opracowano model analityczny do obliczania ryzyka energetycznego przedsiębiorstwa z branży maszynowej oraz zbudowano diagram kontekstowy z uwzględnieniem wpływu na środowisko, jak i możliwości modernizacji energetycznej, dla określenia strategicznych celów i zapewnienia ciągłości dostaw energii, a także kluczowych zasad efektywnej energetycznie działalności w analizowanej branży, w świetle rosnącego ryzyka tych dostaw. Wykazano, że jednym z kryteriów poprawy wskaźników zyskowności staje się zdolność adaptacji przedsiębiorstw do warunków zewnętrznych oraz zwiększenie dostępu do alternatywnych źródeł energii, w szczególności własnych.