Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Impact of the management of paid parking zones on the choice of transportation mode

Kaśkosz Karolina, Duma Marianna, Lemke Justyna

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2025

|

nr 84 (156)

83--93

EN

In an era of constantly changing needs and challenges posed by urban stakeholders and an increasing number of vehicles in the area, transport accessibility has started to play a key role. Shaping transport infrastructure in cities is one of the greatest challenges city managers have. In recent years, the introduction of paid parking zones (PPZs) has become an increasingly common solution. This paper aims to assess the impact of parking fees on the mode choice of users of urban spaces. As part of the research process, a systematic review of literature in the area outlined above and an analysis of transport accessibility in the selected area are carried out. This paper presents the results of a survey on the determinants of transport mode choices in the city of Szczecin. The results show that, despite high rates imposed by city authorities, users of urban spaces still choose to travel by car to their destinations and that parking fees do not have a real impact on modal shift. These results offer valuable insights for both drivers and local authorities in terms of creating transport accessibility for the final stage of this journey ‒ i.e., parking accessibility.

2

Zrównoważony rozwój na obszarach miejskich : przykład zrównoważonego miasta o chińskiej specyfice

Guziałowska-Tic Joanna, Mazur-Włodarczyk Katarzyna

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2025

|

T. 104, nr 9

912--917

PL

Przeprowadzone badania koncentrują się na analizie materiałów obejmujących zarówno teksty zindeksowane w bazach Web of Science i Scopus, jak również obszar literatury szarej, oraz obserwacji odbytych w marcu i kwietniu 2025 r. Przeprowadzone badania odnoszą się przede wszystkim do SDG 11 - Zrównoważone miasta i społeczności. Do głównych wniosków zaliczyć należy spostrzeżenie, że promocja zrównoważonego rozwoju w Chinach odbywa się głównie za pomocą plakatów społecznych, które wprawdzie nie zawierają odnośników bezpośrednich do SDG, jednak nawiązują treścią do wszystkich trzech filarów zrównoważonego rozwoju, a ponadto ukazują chińską specyfikę kulturową.

EN

The research focused on analyzing materials including texts indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, as well as gray literature, and observations conducted in March and April 2025. The research primarily addresses SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities. The main findings include the observation that sustainable development in China is promoted primarily through social posters, which, while not directly referencing the SDGs, nevertheless address all three pillars of sustainable development and reflect Chinese cultural specificity.

3

Evaluation of Post-Processing Kinematic (PPK) Accuracy in Urban Area in Turgutlu, Manisa, Türkiye

Pırtı Atınç, Yücel Mehmet Ali

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2025

|

Vol. 19, no. 4

119--138

EN

In recent years, global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have emerged as a prominent technology for geolocation applications and services in urban settings. Urban environments should also be classified under difficult situations. Densely populated metropolitan areas such as urban centers obstruct the receipt of GNSS signals; these obstacles often result in the congestion of line-of-sight (LOS) signals and give rise to the receipt of diffracted or reflected echoes (often known as the multipath phenomenon). PPK (post-processing kinematic) is a GNSS data-processing method that achieves high-accuracy positioning by correcting errors in raw positioning data. Post-processing is widely used in applications that require precise geospatial information, such as surveying, mapping, and UAV operations. This research aims to evaluate the accuracy of the PPK application method in urban areas. For this aim, surveys were carried out in Turgutlu’s province of Manisa on July 15, 2020, in Türkiye. The analysis compared the PPK surveys’ results with those that were obtained from static surveys. PPK is very effective in difficult situations, but we were likely to encounter certain accuracy problems. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that achieving urban surveys with an accuracy from ±1 cm to ±2 cm may not always be feasible due to the challenging circumstances that might result in moresignificant inaccuracies from ±10 cm to ±100 cm for both the horizontal and vertical components.

4

Urban challenges and air quality in selected European cities

Szałata Łukasz, Derlukiewicz Niki, Mańkowska Dominika, Zwoździak Jerzy

Environment Protection Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 50, nr 3

61--75

EN

More than half of the world's population currently resides in urban areas. Therefore, cities must be part of the solution if the increasingly urbanized world is to successfully address environmental challenges such as climate change. Air pollution poses a significant health risk to Europeans. Due to urbanization, population growth, traffic congestion, industrial activities, energy generation, and inadequate urban planning connected to environmental solutions modern cities confront a range of complex challenges concerning air quality. Achieving the zero-pollution vision for 2050 demands further endeavors to diminish air pollution to levels deemed safe for health. This article examines the multifaceted obstacles that modern cities encounter, with a particular emphasis on the critical issue of air quality. The study aims to analyze low-emission solutions aimed at improving the state of air quality in selected European cities. The study assessed changes in the concentrations of NO2, O3, PM 10, PM2.5 and benzo(a)pyrene in chosen European cities between 2013–2022 offering a comparative analysis of air quality challenges and solutions across selected cities. The value of the analysis lies in its ability to draw conclusions from current European urban trends related to air quality improvement and to develop a comprehensive set of recommendations tailored for policymakers.

5

Blue-green infrastructure of a regenerative city

Bernaciak Anna, Bernaciak Arnold, Fortuński Bartosz

Economics and Environment

|

2024

|

No. 4

art. no. 978

EN

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing blue-green infrastructure (BGI) in urban environments, particularly within regenerative cities. It addresses how BGI initiatives can align with urban sustainability goals, especially in densely developed areas where traditional infrastructure practices often hinder the integration of new ecological solutions. The study employs a narrative literature review and case studies to identify and categorise formal-legal, organisational, and financial barriers to implementing BGI projects in urban areas. The analysis includes examining legal documents, scholarly articles, and real-world examples, providing insights into common obstacles and practical implications for urban planning. Findings reveal significant regulatory, technical, and administrative challenges to BGI implementation, particularly related to the inflexible nature of local planning regulations and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration. The paper outlines practical recommendations, such as adjusting local policies, enhancing stakeholder engagement, and valuing ecosystem services to facilitate BGI projects. While the study highlights existing challenges, further empirical research on the long-term impacts of BGI in various climatic and urban contexts is recommended.

PL

W artykule przeanalizowano rolę błękitno-zielonej infrastruktury (BZI) we wspieraniu rozwoju miast regeneratywnych, w których interakcja człowieka z naturą ma na celu odbudowę ekologiczną oraz zwiększenie odporności miejskiej. Poprzez narracyjny przegląd literatury oraz studia przypadków z praktyki administracyjnej zidentyfikowano kluczowe wyzwania w implementacji BZI. Przeanalizowano i opisano przeszkody prawne, organizacyjne, finansowe i technologiczne, zwracając szczególną uwagę na wpływ lokalnych regulacji planistycznych. Wyniki wskazują, że choć BZI może odpowiadać na potrzeby adaptacji klimatycznej i poprawiać jakość życia miejskiego, bariery prawne i proceduralne często utrudniają jej wdrażanie. Skuteczna implementacja BZI wymaga reform legislacyjnych, współpracy interdyscyplinarnej oraz zaangażowania społecznego. W pozostałych rekomendacjach wskazano na konieczność integracji BZI w politykach planowania przestrzennego, uwzględnienia wartości pozafinansowych w analizach opłacalności oraz wykorzystania zaawansowanych narzędzi geoinformacyjnych dla bardziej precyzyjnego planowania i projektowania nowoczesnych rozwiązań BZI.

6

Mortality of birds as a result of collisions with glazing on the example of building structures in Warsaw

Oglęcki Paweł, Żabicka Joanna Monika

Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej

|

2023

|

Nr 85

43--50

EN

Collisions between birds and buildings are a common phenomenon given the increasing anthropogenisation of the environment and the emergence of human settlements along traveling routes of species’ migration. Glass surfaces, which are increasingly frequently used in modern construction engineering, appear to be particularly dangerous in this aspect, as birds may not recognise them as obstacles even during the day. In this paper, the results of a study of collisions between birds and different types of buildings in the urban zones with low, medium and high proportions of green areas in buildings were analysed. The highest number of collisions was observed for buildings located near enclaves of vegetation, characterised by high biological diversity. The presence of distractors on the glazing had a significant impact on reducing the number of collisions.

PL

Kolizje ptaków z budynkami są zjawiskiem powszechnym ze względu na postępującą antropogenizację środowiska i powstawanie osiedli ludzkich wzdłuż tras migracji gatunków wędrownych. Szczególnie niebezpieczne w tym aspekcie wydają się być powierzchnie szklane, coraz częściej stosowane w nowoczesnym budownictwie, gdyż ptaki mogą nie rozpoznawać ich jako przeszkód nawet w ciągu dnia. W niniejszej pracy przeanalizowano wyniki badań kolizji ptaków z różnymi typami budynków w strefach miejskich o niskim, średnim i wysokim udziale terenów zielonych w zabudowie. Największą liczbę kolizji zaobserwowano dla budynków zlokalizowanych w pobliżu enklaw zielonej roślinności, charakteryzujących się dużą różnorodnością biologiczną. Obecność elementów rozpraszających na szybach istotnie wpływała na spadek liczby kolizji.

7

Zieleń na osiedlach deweloperskich

Osiak Aleksandra, Kasińska-Andruszkiewicz Agnieszka

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura Wnętrz

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2023

|

Z. 15

261--280

PL

Występująca tendencja do zagęszczonej zabudowy na terenach miejskich, zwiększająca się liczba mieszkańców miasta, jak również wzrastająca świadomość mieszkańców o konieczności ochrony zdrowia środowiskowego wskazują na potrzebę poszukiwania rozwiązań alternatywnych i innowacyjnych dotyczących zieleni miejskiej. Inwestycje zaliczane do tej grupy to zielone dachy, zielone ściany, parki kieszonkowe, parklety, których realizacja pozwoli na zwiększenie biologicznie czynnej powierzchni w mieście i może stanowić niezbędny element infrastruktury miejskiej przyczyniający się do podniesienia komfortu życia społeczności zamieszkujących miasto. W pracy omówione zostaną: zagadnienie zieleni miejskiej w przestrzeni publicznej na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych na istniejących osiedlach deweloperskich oraz jej wpływ, na jakość życia w mieście. Tereny zielone w przestrzeni miejskiej pełnią istotną funkcję, gdyż poprawiają standard życia mieszkańców miasta, przy stałym rozwoju aglomeracji miejskiej. Powstają ogrody dachowe, elewacje zielone, skwery, bulwary, pareczki, zieleńce przy budynkach mieszkalnych, jak również w okolicach obiektów o innych funkcjach. Tereny zieleni miejskiej w przestrzeni publicznej są obecnie istotnym składnikiem jej struktury. Tworzą szczególną przestrzeń społeczną, o funkcji rekreacyjnej, wypoczynkowej. Poprawiają komfort klimatyczny, przeciwdziałając miejskiej wyspie ciepła, stają się schronieniem dla owadów, ptaków i innych zwierząt.

EN

Increased development in urban areas and the increasing number of city residents, as well as the growing awareness of residents about the need to protect environmental health, indicate the need to look for alternative and innovative solutions regarding urban greenery. The implementation of green roofs and green walls will allow to increase the biologically active area in the city. It can be an essential element of urban infrastructure contributing to the improvement of the living comfort of communities living in the city. In the article, I will discuss urban greenery in public space on the basis of existing development estates, and their impact on the quality of urban life. Green areas in the urban space play an important role, as they improve the standard of living of the city's inhabitants, with the continuous growth of the urban agglomeration. Roof gardens, green elevations, squares, boulevards, small parks, green areas next to residential buildings, as well as in the vicinity of other facilities, improve the quality of human life. Urban green areas in public space are now an important component of its structure and create a special social space.

8

Zapotrzebowanie na wodę w nawadnianiu podsiąkowym terenów zieleni miejskiej w parkach Bydgoszczy, Grudziądza, Torunia i Włocławka zależnie od scenariusza przewidywanych zmian klimatycznych

Rolbiecki Stanisław, Rolbiecki Roman, Kuśmierek-Tomaszewska Renata, Żarski Jacek, Łangowski Ariel

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2023

|

nr I/1

169--186

PL

Celem pracy była próba oszacowania zapotrzebowania na wodę do nawodnień podsiąkowych terenów zieleni miejskiej w parkach czterech wybranych miast województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego (Bydgoszcz, Grudziądz, Toruń, Włocławek) w zależności od przewidywanych zmian klimatycznych. W opracowaniu uwzględniono dwa scenariusze: scenariusz RCP 4.5 zakładający wzrost stężenia CO2 do poziomu 540 ppm w roku 2100 i osiągnięcie wymuszenia radiacyjnego na poziomie 4,5 W⸱m-2 oraz scenariusz RCP 8.5 zakładający wzrost stężenia CO2 do poziomu 940 ppm w roku 2100 i osiągnięcie wymuszenia radiacyjnego na poziomie 8,5 W/m2 . Uwzględniono 3 wybrane dekady (dziesięciolecia) XXI wieku: 2021-2030, 2051-2060 i 2091-2100. Na podstawie przyjętych założeń oraz przeprowadzonych obliczeń stwierdzono, że największe ilości wody do nawadniania będą potrzebne w ostatnim dziesięcioleciu XXI wieku. Największe zapotrzebowanie na wodę wystąpi w lipcu, a następnie - w sierpniu. Wyższe potrzeby wodne terenów zieleni miejskiej - w porównaniu do scenariusza RCP 4.5 - (za wyjątkiem Grudziądza) stwierdzono w scenariuszu RCP 8.5. Spośród czterech badanych miast województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego, najniższe zapotrzebowanie na wodę wystąpiło w Grudziądzu, wyższe w Bydgoszczy, jeszcze wyższe w Toruniu, a najwyższe - we Włocławku. W dziesięcioleciu 2091-2100, wyrażone jako dopływ jednostkowy, zapotrzebowanie na wodę do nawadniania terenów zieleni miejskiej systemem podsiąkowym o zmiennym piętrzeniu w lipcu - odpowiednio dla scenariusza RCP 4.5 i RCP 8.5 w latach bardzo suchych (p=10%), wyniesie 1,19 i 1,19 dm3 s-1⸱ha-1 w Grudziądzu, 1,18 i 1,21 dm3⸱s1⸱ha-1 w Bydgoszczy, 1,23 i 1,25 dm3⸱s-1⸱ha-1 w Toruniu oraz 1,26 i 1,29 dm3 s-1 ha-1 we Włocławku.

EN

The aim of the study was to attempt to estimate the demand for water for upward irrigation of urban green areas in parks of four selected cities in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (Bydgoszcz, Grudziądz, Toruń, Włocławek) depending on expected climate changes. The study takes into account two scenarios: the RCP 4.5 scenario assuming an increase in CO2 concentration to the level of 540 ppm in 2100 and achieving radiative forcing of 4.5 W/m2 , and the RCP 8.5 scenario assuming an increase in CO2 concentration to 940 ppm in 2100 and achieving radiative forcing of level 8.5 W/m2 . Three selected decades (decades) of the 21st century are included: 2021-2030, 2051-2060 and 2091-2100. Based on the adopted assumptions and calculations, it was found that the largest amounts of water for irrigation will be needed in the last decade of the 21st century. The greatest demand for water will occur in July, and then in August. Higher water needs of urban green areas - compared to the RCP 4.5 scenario - (except for Grudziądz) were found in the RCP 8.5 scenario. Among the four examined cities in the KuyavianPomeranian Voivodeship, the lowest demand for water occurred in Grudziądz, higher in Bydgoszcz, even higher in Toruń, and the highest - in Włocławek. In the decade 2091-2100, expressed as a unit inflow, the demand for water for irrigation of urban green areas using a upward system with variable damming in July - for the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios in very dry years (p=10%), respectively, will amount to 1 .19 and 1.19 dm3⸱s-1 ha-1 in Grudziądz, 1.18 and 1.21 dm3⸱s-1 ha-1 in Bydgoszcz, 1.23 and 1.25 dm3⸱s-1 ha-1 in Toruń and 1.26 and 1.29 dm3⸱s-1⸱ha-1 in Włocławek.

9

Extracting Land Surface Albedo from Landsat 9 Data in GEE Platform to Support Climate Change Analysis

Barletta Carlo, Capolupo Alessandra, Tarantino Eufemia

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2023

|

Vol. 17, no. 6

35--75

EN

Land surface albedo is a relevant variable in many climatic, environmental, and hydrological studies; its monitoring allows researchers to identify changes on the Earth’s surface. The open satellite data that is provided by the USGS/NASA Landsat mission is quite suitable for estimating this parameter through the remote sensing technique. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the potentialities of the new Landsat 9 data for retrieving Earth’s albedo by applying da Silva et al.’s algorithm (developed in 2016 for the Landsat 8 data) using the Google Earth Engine cloud platform and R software. Two urban areas in Southern Italy with similar geomorphologic and climatic characteristics were chosen as study sites. After obtaining thematic maps of the albedos here, a statistical analysis and comparison among the Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 results was performed considering the entire study areas and each land use/land cover class that is provided by the Copernicus Urban Atlas 2018. This approach was also applied to the data after being filtered through Tukey’s test (used to detect and remove outliers). The analysis showed a very good correlation between the Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 estimations (ρ > 0.94 for both sites), with some exceptions that were related to some mis-corresponding values. Furthermore, the Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 outliers were generally overlapping. In conclusion, da Silva et al.’s approach appears to also be reasonably applicable to the Landsat 9 data despite some radiometric differences.

10

Influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the chemical composition of shallow groundwater in the city of Wrocław, south-west Poland

Trałka Marta, Błachowicz Marek, Buczyński Sebastian

Geologos

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2022

|

Vol. 28, No. 3

191--202

EN

Seen in the light of increasing anthropogenic impacts on the environment and a growing demand for potable water, pollution of groundwater is a very important issue, especially in large city areas. The present research includes analyses ofthe chemical composition at 109 measuring points in the Wrocław area, and of the spatial distribution of groundwater components with regard to land use, geological structure and hydrogeological conditions. Based on spatial analyses, it has been noted that changes depend mainly on land use and the kind of activity carried out in close proximity of water intake. Shallow groundwater in Wrocław is characterised by a great variability of main components. Factor analysis has made it possible to distinguish these components and determine the degree of their influence on the chemical composition of shallow groundwater in the entire study area. The current research demonstrates the high sensitivity of aquifers to pollution and emphasises the role of human activity in levels of groundwater pollution in urban areas.

11

A Comparison of Land Use Classifications in Urbanized Areas in Selected European Countries

Matuk Olga

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 15, no. 2

59--66

EN

The real estate cadastre is the primary source of information on land use. It re cords information related to the division of land into types based on the actual way of land use or development. The distinguished types of land use depend on many geographical factors, as well as historical and economic conditions. The study presents a comparison of the detail of land use classification registered in the real estate cadastre in areas functionally related to the urban areas of 9 European countries: Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Spain, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Germany and Poland. The research concerned the determination of the degree to which the classification of land use in urbanized areas is detailed, whether the studied European countries are characterized by the same number of distinguished classes of ob jects at different levels of detail, and what percentage are the distinguished classes of land use objects in urbanized areas in relation to all of the distinguished classes of objects land use at different levels of detail of classification. The study used legal acts regulating land use issues which have been made available in national languages by government institutions.

12

Short-term air pollution forecasting based on environmental factors and deep learning models

Arsov Mirche, Zdravevski Eftim, Lameski Petre, Corizzo Roberto, Koteli Nikola, Mitreski Kosta, Trajkovik Vladimir

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2020

|

Vol. 21

15--22

EN

The effects of air pollution on people, the environment, and the global economy are profound - and often under-recognized. Air pollution is becoming a global problem. Urban areas have dense populations and a high concentration of emission sources: vehicles, buildings, industrial activity, waste, and wastewater. Tackling air pollution is an immediate problem in developing countries, such as North Macedonia, especially in larger urban areas. This paper exploits Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models with Long Short-Term Memory units to predict the level of PM10 particles in the near future (+3 hours), measured with sensors deployed in different locations in the city of Skopje. Historical air quality measurements data were used to train the models. In order to capture the relation of air pollution and seasonal changes in meteorological conditions, we introduced temperature and humidity data to improve the performance. The accuracy of the models is compared to PM10 concentration forecast using an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The obtained results show that specific deep learning models consistently outperform the ARIMA model, particularly when combining meteorological and air pollution historical data. The benefit of the proposed models for reliable predictions of only 0.01 MSE could facilitate preemptive actions to reduce air pollution, such as temporarily shutting main polluters, or issuing warnings so the citizens can go to a safer environment and minimize exposure.

13

An extensive analysis of online restaurant reviews: a case study of the Amazonian Culinary Tourism

Fernandes Junior Luiz Carlos Silva, Silva Junior Jorge, Jacob Junior Antônio, Lobato Fábio

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2020

|

Vol. 21

81--84

EN

Analyzing User-Generated Content present in social media has become mandatory for companies looking for maintaining competitiveness. These data contain information such as consumer opinions, and recommendations that are seen as rich sources of information for the development of decision support systems. When observing the state of the art, it was found that there is a lack of antecedents that address the analysis of online reviews of Brazilian restaurants. In this sense, the focus of this work is to fill this gap through a case study of Santar\'em city. The results show that professionals in this segment can use these analyzes in order to improve the user's experiences and increase their profits.

14

Detailed analysis of the gravitational effects caused by the buildings in microgravity survey

Loj Monika, Porzucek Slawomir

Acta Geophysica

|

2019

|

Vol. 67, no. 6

1799--1807

EN

Gravity (microgravity) research is more frequently carried out in urban areas, in close proximity to various types of buildings. It is necessary to take into account the gravity impact of these buildings on the measurements by calculating and factoring in the appropriate correction. The easiest method to calculate the corrections is to base them on simplified models of the buildings, approximated mostly by a rectangular prism. This paper presents an analysis of correction based on simplified models of six different buildings. It has been clearly demonstrated that density of a simplified model of a building or an element of the building is different from the average density, especially for gravity measurements inside the buildings. The research demonstrates that it is better to approximate the building with two or three rectangular prisms than with only one treated as a whole. However, the difficulty lies in determining the density of the lowest storey, the value of which diverges from the average density the most. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that in calculating building corrections simplified models of the buildings can be used, even for observation stations that are located in a close proximity to the buildings, as long as the conditions described in this article are met.

15

Realizacja głębokiego wykopu fundamentowego w zwartej zabudowie miejskiej na przykładzie Mogilska Office w Krakowie

Zajdel J.

Geoinżynieria : drogi, mosty, tunele

|

2018

|

nr 4

48--51

PL

Prowadzenie prac budowlanych w ścisłej zabudowie miejskiej wiąże się z wieloma ograniczeniami. W przypadku realizacji głębokiego wykopu na potrzeby obiektu Mogilska Office w Krakowie zastosowano tymczasową stalową konstrukcję rozparcia w dwóch poziomach, ograniczono zakres stropu rozporowego oraz zaproponowano nietypowy sposób posadowienia żurawi wieżowych.

EN

Conducting construction works in the compact built-up areas entails many restrictions. The construction of the Mogilska Office building required conducting deep foundation works - the author discuss implemented solutions and all of the taken actions. As he underlines, the optimal solution for such a project needs to chosen after completion of a thorough analysis. The most important task, from the designer’s point of view, would the assessment of the impact that the excavation may have on the neighbouring buildings.

16

Wpływ turystyki na zmianę funkcji przestrzeni miejskiej na przykładzie Krakowa

Tracz Mariola, Semczuk Marcin

Biuletyn Komitetu Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN

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2018

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No. 272

272--284

EN

The aim of the article was to determine the course of changes the urban space under the influence of tourism, on the example of selected areas in Cracow. A literature study, statistical data and field studies were used to explain the relationship between the growth of tourist movement and the development of the tourist space of this city. The impact of tourism on changes in public and private space use within Matejki Square and Pawia Street, in the neighbourhood of the historical zone (Old Town) and in the New Square at Kazimierz, was analysed. The conducted analysis showed three functional changes of the studied areas under the influence of the rapid tourist movement. They were transformed from residential-service to service-residential related to service of tourists (hotels, gastronomy, trade, entertainment). The urban space has been enriched with elements that increasing the tourist attractiveness of Cracow compared with other cities, for example, concerning spending free time (pubs, cafés, restaurants), and the new accommodation base near the city-centre. A lack of a zoning plan and development vision causes the helplessness of the local authorities in managing the tourist infrastructure development, which is reflected at the Kazimierz New Square.

17

Wykorzystanie oceny jakości akustycznej w zarządzaniu projektem redukcji hałasu drogowego

Paszkowski W.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2017

|

z. 113

355--364

PL

W artykule przedstawiono nowe podejście do zadań oceny i redukcji hałasu w środowisku zurbanizowanym zagrożonym źródłami hałasu drogowego. Zaproponowano włączenie do stosowanej obecnie ilościowej oceny zagrożenia hałasem w środowisku zurbanizowanym model jakości akustycznej. W szczególności, model ten uwzględnia subiektywne miary jakości dźwięku tj.: głośność, ostrość, chropowatość i siłę fluktuacji oraz ocenę dokuczliwości hałasu uzyskaną w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Zaproponowany sposób może być zastosowany w oszacowaniu inwestycyjnym ekranu akustycznego, na etapie jego projektowania.

EN

The article presents a new approach to the tasks of noise assessment and reduction in the urbanized environment of endangered road noise sources. It has been proposed to include the acoustic quality model into the quantitative noise assessment currently applied in the urbanized environment. In particular, this model takes into account subjective measures of sound quality, ie: loudness, sharpness, roughness and fluctuation strength and noise annoyance assessment obtained in laboratory conditions. The proposed way can be used in the investment evaluation of the acoustic barrier at the design stage.

18

Niepewność oceny podatności wód podziemnych na zanieczyszczenia dla obszarów miejskich na przykładzie warszawskiej dzielnicy Bielany

Krogulec E., Trzeciak J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 11/1

1090--1095

EN

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is an important environment management tool. In this study assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution was conducted by DRASTIC method in urban area, represented by the Bielany - district of Warsaw. The results of this study showed that 70% of the study area has medium or moderately high pollution potential and nearly 30% area has low and very low pollution potential. Two sensitivity tests were performed: the map removal sensitivity analysis and the single-parameter sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity analysis is defined as the evaluation of the effect of changes of input values on the output of the model, therefore, in order to reduce subjectivity of groundwater vulnerability assessment sensitivity analysis was performed for DRASTIC procedure. Both tests highlighted the role of the parameter „depth to water" in groundwater vulnerability assessment.

19

Rainwater Management in the Urban Landscape of Wroclaw in Terms of Adaptation to Climate Changes

Tokarczyk-Dorociak K., Walter E., Kobierska K., Kołodyński R.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 6

171--184

EN

Modern city development requires increasing investments in so-called green and blue infrastructure. Water deficits and frequent droughts are a motivation for the introduction of economic water management and rainwater retention. Urban areas, which are often intensively developed and sealed, have lost their natural ability to retain rainwater. This is often the cause of urban floods that occur as a result of intense rainfall events, the intensity of which exceeds the capacity of urban drainage systems. These problems are caused by low surface and soil retention. These negative phenomena force us to take certain actions related to urban hydrology, such as determining catchments in urban areas and capturing rainwater. Town and city management must also take into account the functional and aesthetic aspects with the aim to improve the life quality of residents. Rainwater management on site of the rainfall allows to combine sustainable water management with the creation of places characterized by high aesthetic and functional value. The paper outlines the policy of the city of Wrocław with respect to rainwater management and presents the proposed solutions for a selected street, large-surface parking lot and a city square. Calculating the rainfall amount correctly and then preparing a land management design allows to use rainwater in creating attractive recreation areas.

20

Projekt kaskady małych suchych zbiorników retencyjnych dla ochrony przed powodzią terenów miejskich

Antoszewski R., Jakubiec K., Witek K., Domagała M.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 1

126--134

PL

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę projektowania suchych zbiorników retencyjnych o pojemności około 100 tyś. m,sup>3, na obszarach silnie zurbanizowanych z przekształconymi antropogenicznie ciekami naturalnymi z licznymi wylotami kanalizacji deszczowej i dużymi uszczelnionymi powierzchniami spływu. W szczególności przedstawiono problematykę hydrologicznych podstaw projektowania w oparciu o dane meteorologiczne w zlewniach niekontrolowanych posterunkami wodowskazowymi ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dostępnych narzędzi komputerowego wspomagania modelowania procesów hydrologicznych (HEC-Hms, HEC-Ras) oraz dostępnych do wykorzystania modeli matematycznych i statystycznych opad-odpływ, tu praktyczne zastosowanie metody SCS-CN oraz modelu liniowego kaskady zbiorników Nasha do transformacji opadu efektywnego w odpływ powierzchniowy.

EN

The paper presents the problem of designing an open reservoirs with a capacity of about 100 000. m3 in heavily urbanized areas of anthropogenically transformed natural watercourses with numerous outlets drainage and large sealed surfaces runoff. In particular the issues of the hydrological basics design based on the meteorological data in the catchment uncontrolled water level checkpoints with particular emphasis on the tools of computer-aided modeling of hydrological processes (HEC-HMS, HEC-RAS) and available for use mathematical models and statistical rainfall-runoff, this practical the method SCS-CN and linear model cascade tanks Nash to transform the effective precipitation in surface runoff.