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Palaeoenvironmental indices (calpionellids, gamma-ray spectrometry, magnetic susceptibility) in the Berriasian of the Tisza Mega-unit (Lipse-tető section, Mecsek Mts, Hungary) and the Central Western Carpathians (lower Sub-Tatric succession, Tatra Mts, Poland) – a comparison

Grabowski Jacek, Lodowski Damian Gerard, Pszczółkowski Andrzej, Chadimová Leona, Császár Geza, Sobień Katarzyna, Szinger Balázs

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2024

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Vol. 74, no. 4

art. no. e27

EN

Calpionellid stratigraphy, magnetic susceptibility (MS) and gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) have been investigated in the Berriasian pelagic limestones of ca. 21 m thick interval from the Lipse-tető section (Mecsek Mts, southern Hungary, Tisza Mega-unit). The section covers the lower and upper Berriasian (Calpionella and Calpionellopsis Zones respectively), however due to a thrust fault, the upper part of the Calpionella elliptica Subzone and the lower part of the Calpionellopsis simplex Subzone (lower/upper Berriasian boundary interval) were not documented. Reslults of GRS measurements reveal contrasting trends, with low detrital input (K, Th) and elevated Th/K ratio through the lower Berriasian, as well as relatively high detrital input and decreased Th/K ratio within the upper Berriasian. The differences occur also in the calpionellid frequencies and species richness: assemblages rich in Calpionella alpina dominate in the lower Berriasian, whilst more diversified yet less abundant associations characterize the upper Berriasian. Trends in palaeoenvironmental proxies correspond well with data from the Lower Sub-Tatric succession (Pośrednie-Rówienka composite section, Tatra Mts, Poland). The palaeoenvironmental change between the early and late Berriasian is most probably related to palaeoclimate (arid to humid transition), and fertility (from oligo- to mesotrophic regime). Trends documented in Th/K ratio might have been controlled by the intensity of aeolian transportation. As revealed by previous studies, the consistent record of palaeoenvironmental changes in both the Tisza Mega-unit and the Central Western Carpathians might be observed also in the middle Jurassic sediments.

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Klimat i oceanografia przełomu jury i kredy zachodniej Tetydy

Lodowski Damian Gerard

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 10

514--522

EN

The key aspect for evaluation of potential effects of ongoing environmental changes is identification of their controlson one hand, and understanding of their mutual relations on other. In this context, the best source of information about medium and long term coThe key aspect for evaluation of potential effects of ongoing environmental changes is identification of their controlson one hand, and understanding of their mutual relations on other. In this context, the best source of information about medium and long term consequences of various environmental processes is the geologic record. Numerous different-scale palaeoenvironmental events took place during the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition; amongst them, the best documented so far are: long term marine regression during the Tithonian-early Berriasian, climate aridization during the late Tithonian-early Berriasian, and tectonic activity in western parts of the Neo Tethys Ocean during the late Berriasian-Valanginian. This study, which is based on the Ph Ddissertation of Damian Gerard Lodowski, attempts to reconstruct the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous paleoenvironment and its evolution in the area of the Western Tethys, with special attention paid to cause-and-effect relationships between climate changes, tectonic activity and oceanographic conditions (perturbations in marine circulation and bioproductivity). Here are presented the basic results of high-resolution geochemical investigations performed in the Transdanubian Range (Hárskút and Lókút, Hungary), High-Tatric (Giewont, Poland) and Lower Sub-Tatric (Pośrednie III, Poland) series, Pieniny Klippen Belt (Brodno and Snežnica, Slovakia; Velykyi Kamianets, Ukraine) and Western Balkan (Barlya, Bulgaria) sections. The sections were correlated and compared in terms ofpaleoredox conditions (authigenic U), accumulation of micronutrient-type element (Zn) and climate changes (chemical index of alteration, CIA), providinga consistent scenario of the Tithonian-Berriasian palaeoenvironment evolution in various western Tethyan basins. Amongst the first-order trends and events, characteristic of studied sections are the two intervals recording an oxygen deficient at the seafloor: 1) the upper Tithonian-lowermost Berriasian (OD I); and 2) at the lower/upper Berriasian transition (OD II). Noteworthy, this phenomena cooccurred with elevated accumulations of nutrient-type elements (i. e. enrichment factor of Zn). Besides, collected data document the late Tithonian-early Berriasian trend of climate aridization, as well as the late Berriasian humidification. Such record is explained by a model, in which decreasing intensity of atmospheric circulation during the late Tithonian-early Berriasian was directly connected with climate cooling and aridization. This process resulted in lesser efficiency of up- and/or downwelling currents, which induced sea water stratification, seafloor hypoxia and perturbations in the nutrient-shuttle process during the OD I. On the other hand, the OD II interval may correspond to tectonic reactivation in the Neo Tethyan Collision Belt. This process might have led to physical cutoff of Alpine Tethys basins from the Neo Tethyan circulation (both atmospheric and oceanic), driving the limited stratification in the former, and limiting the effect of gradual humidification of global climate (i.e. due to increasing strength of monsoons and monsoonal upwellings).

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Tracing the latest Jurassic–earliest Cretaceous paleoenvironment evolution in swell carbonate facies:a case study of the High-Tatric succession (Central Western Carpathians, Tatra Mts, Poland)

Lodowski Damian Gerard, Grabowski Jacek

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2023

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Vol. 73, no. 4

741--772

EN

This paper presents an interpretation of sedimentologic, paleomagnetic, and geochemical data collected in the Upper Kimmeridgian–Valanginian carbonates of the Giewont series (Giewont and Mały Giewont sections, High-Tatric succession, Western Tatra Mountains, Poland). The studied succession provides insight into the sedimentary conditions prevailing in the South Tatric Ridge (Tatricum), a submarine elevation located between the Zliechov Basin (Fatricum) and the Vahic (=South Penninic) Ocean. The sedimentary sequence includes micrites, pseudonodular limestones, cyanoid packstones, lithoclastic packstone, and encrinites. The results are discussed with regards to their significance for detrital input, paleoclimate, and paleoproductivity, which in turn are considered in the context of both local and regional paleoenvironmental trends and events. The greatest depositional depths during the latest Kimmeridgian–earliest Tithonian are documented by the occurrence of pseudonodular limestones. A Tithonian shallowing trend is demonstrated via the increasing size and roundness of cyanoids, while the final (?)emergence and erosion in the South Tatric Ridge is documented by earliest Cretaceous disconformities. This process might have been related to both falling sea-level during the major eustatic regressive cycle and tectonic uplift caused by the mutually related (re)activation in the Neotethyan Collision Belt and rifting in the Ligurian-Penninic-Vahic Oceans. The highest lithogenic influx (although still low; max 0.5% of Al content) during the Late Kimmeridgian is considered as associated with relatively humid climate conditions, whereas a subsequent decreasing trend is thought to result from aridification during the latest Kimmeridgian–earliest Tithonian. Ultimately, deposition in the High-Tatric zone was affected by both large-scale environmental perturbations characteristic of the latest Jurassic (climate changes, variations in sea-water pH, monsoonal upwelling, lithogenic input, etc.), as well as local sedimentary controls, predominantly the oxygenation state of bottom waters and tectonic movements.

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The Jurassic–Cretaceous transition in the High-Tatric succession (Giewont Unit, Western Tatra Mts, Poland): integrated stratigraphy and microfacies

Lodowski Damian Gerard, Pszczółkowski Andrzej, Wilamowski Andrzej, Grabowski Jacek

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2022

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Vol. 72, no. 1

107--135

EN

Herein are presented the results of detailed bio - (calcareous dinocysts, calpionellids, foraminifers, saccocomids) and chemostratigraphic (δ13C) studies combined with high-resolution microfacies, rock magnetic and gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) investigations performed on the upper Kimmeridgian-upper Valanginian carbonates of the Giewont succession (Tatricum, Giewont and Mały Giewont sections, Western Tatra Mountains, Poland). The interval studied covers the contact between the Raptawicka Turnia Limestone (RTL) Fm. and the Wysoka Turnia Limestone (WTL) Fm. Their sedimentary sequence is composed of micrites, pseudonodular limestones, cyanoid packstones, lithoclastic packstone and encrinites. A precise correlation with the previously published Mały Giewont section is ensured by biostratigraphy, rock magnetic and GRS logs. The methodology adopted has enabled the recognition of two stratigraphic discontinuities, approximated here as corresponding to the latest Tithonian-early (late?) Berriasian and the early Valanginian. The hiatuses are evidenced by biostratigraphic data and the microfacies succession as well as by perturbations in isotopic compositions and rock magnetic logs; they are thought to result from a conjunction of tectonic activity and eustatic changes. A modified lithostratigraphic scheme for the Giewont and the Osobita High-Tatric successions is proposed. The top of the RTL Fm. falls in the upper Tithonian, where cyanoid packstones disappear. At the base of the WTL Fm. a new Giewont Member is defined as consisting of a basal lithoclastic packstone and following encrinites.

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Turonian-Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Babadag Basin (North Dobrogea, Romania) : integrated biostratigraphy and microfacies succession

Lodowski Damian Gerard, Walaszczyk Ireneusz Piotr, Grădinaru Eugen

Geological Quarterly

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2019

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Vol. 63, No. 1

39--64

EN

The Upper Turonian to Middle Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) succession of the Babadag Basin (North Dobrogea, Romania) constitutes an apparently continuous fossiliferous carbonate succession. The presence of moderately rich inoceramid, ammonite and foraminiferal assemblages allows for the application of a precise biostratigraphic subdivision. The palaeoenvironmental conditions and evolution of the Babadag Basin during the Late Turonian-Middle Coniacian are inferred using microfacies analysis and foraminiferal spectra. Together, these suggest the Turonian-Coniacian Badabag Basin reflects relatively shallow-water conditions in a near-shore environment, punctuated by two regression events in the Late Turonian and in the Middle Coniacian.