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Stable and low associative left-right hashing

Tripathi Rajeev Ranjan Kumar, Singh Pradeep Kumar, Singh Sarvpal

Computer Science

2025

T. 26 (2)

149--187

Hashing is indispens able for efficient search operations, captivating the interest of numerous researchers. Among the diverse array of techniques, Cuckoo Hashing has emerged as particularly effective across a wide range of applications. Nonetheless, Cuckoo Hashing encounters significant challenges, including highinsertion latency, inefficient memory usage, and high data migration costs. The concept of Combinatorial Hashing has inspired this research. Our proposed scheme enhances Combinatorial Hashing and introduces an innovative collision resolution technique called Left-Right Random Probing based on Random Probing. This paper introduces two performance indicators, the degree of dexterity and table reference count per key. This paper identifies and quantifies the switching cost as a new challenge in Cuckoo Hashing. The space complexity and insertion latency of proposed scheme is1.7 times and 1.5 times better than Cuckoo Hashing respectively. Proposed scheme is1.35 times faster than Cuckoo Hashing and its time complexity is nearly same as Cuckoo Hashing.

Price patterns in an oligopoly with switching cost and uncertain demand

Zawisza M., Kamiński B.

Operations Research and Decisions

2013

Vol. 23, No. 3

71--89

Characteristics of price patterns have been investigated in an oligopoly market with costs for switching a provider. Two regimes of a company’s access to information have been considered. In the benchmark scenario, firms make decisions based on perfect information about demand. In the other – more realistic scenario – they conduct market research to estimate an unknown demand curve and therefore face uncertainty regarding their profit function, which in turn leads to suboptimal decision making. The authors inspected how a company’s access to information on demand, costs for switching a provider and the rate of market renewal influence price patterns on the market. It has been shown that positive switching cost is a sufficient condition for price dispersion, as well as imperfect information about the company's profit function, e.g. from market research. The average price under the perfect information regime is lower than under market research based price setting, a higher switching cost makes it easier for companies to coordinate their prices and a higher rate of market renewal softens the influence of the switching cost on market price.