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EN
The object of research in the present article is the intensification of the fragmentation of massifs with hard inclusions, by means of dispersed and additional drilling, using cast boosters with cumulative lining. The article presents the obtained dependences of the change in the depth of destruction of solid inclusions, depending on the length of the cumulative jet, its density and the strength of the solid inclusion, which allow to develop a methodology for engineering calculation of the parameters of the drilling-explosive works and the sequence of initiating the charges. The use of cast boosters with a cumulative -funnel, located in the lower part of the borehole, allows, at the expense of managing the action of the blast energy on the lower layers of the blasted massif, to reduce the average size of the fragments by 7.9% and by 1.6 times the resulting oversized fractions.
EN
Fluid and solid inclusions were analyzed in minerals of Carpathian rock samples from the Rabe vicinity by means of microthermometry and Raman spectrometry. Fluid inclusions are present in calcite and quartz that often co-occurwith organic matter in different spatial relationships. In case of the studied Ra 5 sample they fill a cavern in the mélange zone in the Carpathian flysch. The temperatures obtained from the combined research (FI 178.9186°C; Raman 178-205°C) give an insight into the geological history of that fragment of the Carpathians.
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki analiz składu chemicznego złota okruchowego z potoku Jamna oraz obecnych w nim inkluzji kruszców. Rezultaty badań wykorzystano w identyfikacji obszarów alimentacyjnych miejscowych wystąpień rozsypiskowych. W aluwiach potoku Jamna ziarna złota jednofazowego z wrostkami galeny, arsenków i siarkoarsenków Co-Fe-Ni współwystępują z ziarnami złota dwufazowego, zawierającego fazy Hg-nośnego elektrum. Zróżnicowanie składu chemicznego ziaren świadczy o pochodzeniu złota z dwóch odmiennych genetycznie obszarów źródłowych: polimetalicznych żył hydrotermalnych oraz okruszcowanych skał osadowych permu.
EN
Results of the chemical composition of the gold grains from Jamna stream and occurring inclusions of ore minerals have been presented. Results have been used to identify the potential alimentary areas of the placer gold grains. Gold grains from the alluvial deposits of Jamna stream is represented by single-phase gold with inclusions of galena, Co-Fe-Ni arsenides, sulpho-arsenides and by biphasic gold, containing Hg-bearing electrum. Differentiation of the grain’s chemical composition is an evidence of the gold’s origin from two genetically distinct source areas: polymetallic hydrothermal veins and ore-bearing Permian sedimentary rocks.
EN
The aim of the study was mineralogical-gemological and microthermometric analysis of color types of spodumenes (green spodumenes, kunzite) from the Nilaw mine (Laghman Province, Afghanistan). These minerals contain numerous fluid inclusions, both primary and secondary, as well as mineral ones. The analyses of fluid inclusion assemblages (FIA) in green spodumenes showed of temperatures of homogenization (into vapor phase) of carbon dioxide (ThCO2) varing from 27.1 to 27.8°C and total homogenization temperatures (ThTOT) of 252–271°C. Temperature of crystallization after correction varies from 370 to 430°C and pressure - from 1.16 to 1.44 kbar. Composition of brines (in mol%): H2O = 0.93–0.94, CO2 = 0.027–0.038, NaCl = 0.029-0.032, with salinities from 4.33 to 6.59 wt.% NaCl eq. was also calculated. For FIAs in kunzite, temperatures of homogenization of carbon dioxide (ThCO2) range from 27.0 to27.3°C, whereas total temperatures of homogenization (ThTOT) is 238–250°C. Values of Tcr are 300–334°C and Pcr - 0.81–1.12 kbar. Composition of brines (in mol%) is: H2O = 0.57–0.75, CO2 = 0.22–0.40, NaCl ca 0.02; and salinity 4.5–5.7 wt. % NaCl eq. The obtained results show that the studied minerals precipitated from medium-temperature and low-pressure hydrothermal solutions varying in chemical composition. New Polish terminology for English equivalents regarding petrography of fluid inclusions was also proposed.
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