Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Studies on the effect of parameters controlling an adsorption process for anionic dye removal by using commercial activated carbon

Konicki Wojciech, Bojanowska Milena, Bąkowski Michał

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Morskiej w Szczecinie

|

2025

|

nr 82 (154)

93--104

EN

In the present study, commercial activated carbon (CWZ-14) is tested for the removal of the anionic azodye Direct Red 23 (DR23) from aqueous solutions. The effect of parameters such as initial dye concentration (10‒50 mg/L), pH (3.4‒11.4), and temperature (20‒60 °C) on the adsorption process is studied. The structure and morphology of the commercial activated carbon, as the quality attributes of the adsorbents, are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms (BET), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR). To understand the adsorption behavior of DR23 onto CWZ-14, the experimental kinetic data are analyzed using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The kinetics of the adsorption of the dye followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The isotherms of adsorption data are analyzed via the Langmuir and the Freundlich models. It is observed that the experimental data effectively fits the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir isotherm, qm, is 104.2 mg/g. The experimental findings showed that the adsorption is a pH-dependent process, with the maximum adsorption capacity occurring at a pH of 7. Thermodynamic parameters, such as changes in standard free energy (∆G°), enthalpy (∆H°), and entropy (∆S°), are also evaluated. The thermodynamic analysis shows that the adsorption process is endothermic, spontaneous, and a physisorption process.

2

Reflections on Lithium-Ion Cells. Genesis of the Problem and Theoretical Introduction

Wolny Paweł, Mikołajczyk Paweł, Mikołajczyk Piotr, Nadarzyński Aleksander, Lesiak Piotr, Bąk Damian, Kaczmarzyk Piotr

Safety & Fire Technology

|

2024

|

Vol. 63, iss. 1

70--86

EN

Introduction: The increased mobility of people doing their work with computers has created the need to produce portable devices that require concentrating as much energy as possible in a limited enclosure volume. These devices accompany the user in everyday life, during travel and also in a variety of work. In order to meet these criteria, it was necessary to solve these problems, first of all, the problem of power supply, which would allow to use the electricity stored by them in a long-lasting but also very efficient way. However, modern solutions bring a number of new risks that are not obvious at first glance and require detailed analysis. Purpose: This article presents an identification and analysis of the hazards associated with the operation of lithium-ion technology, the range of applications, an overview of hazardous incidents domestically and also internationally, the brief history of lithium-ion batteries, as well as recommendations on the use and storage of batteries published not only by domestic but also foreign fire and occupational safety organizations. Methodology: Based on a critical analysis of the literature, the authors presented the advantages and disadvantages of cells used in smartphones, laptops, portable power tools used in households across the globe and even electric cars. The development of lithium-ion battery technology and the expansion of their range of applications makes it necessary to develop solutions to enhance safety during their use, together with procedures to prevent possible explosions and fires, allowing effective life and health protection of users, as well as safeguarding all property and the environment. Conclusions: In order to prevent fires spreading, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that lead to ignition and possible explosions of cells and batteries. From the point of view of preventing such failures and fires, it is important to recognize the response of burning batteries to various types of fire extinguishing agents and preventive measures. Continued research in this area can contribute to the evolution of more sophisticated and advanced safety technologies and the development of regulatory standards that in the future will guarantee the effective control of lithium-ion battery fires directly linked to their storage, use at high quantities, and the correct storage of waste (in the form of damaged and depleted batteries).

PL

Wprowadzenie: Wzrost mobilności ludzi pracujących przy komputerach stworzył potrzebę wyprodukowania urządzeń przenośnych, koncentrujących jak największą ilość energii w ograniczonej objętości. Obecnie urządzenia te są wykorzystywane przez użytkowników w życiu codziennym, podczas podróży, przy różnorodnych zadaniach. Aby zapewnić ich funkcjonalność, należało rozwiązać przede wszystkim problem zasilania, które w długotrwały, ale też w wydajny sposób pozwoliłoby korzystać ze zgromadzonej energii elektrycznej. Oprócz niewątpliwych zalet nowoczesne technologie niosą za sobą także szereg nowych zagrożeń, które na pierwszy rzut oka nie są oczywiste i wymagają szczegółowej analizy. Cel: W artykule przedstawiono i przeanalizowano zagrożenia związane z eksploatacją akumulatorów Li-ion, zakres zastosowań, przegląd niebezpiecznych zdarzeń w kraju i na świecie, krótką ich historię, a także zalecenia dotyczące ich użytkowania i magazynowania opublikowane m.in. przez zagraniczne organizacje zajmujące się ochroną przeciwpożarową i bezpieczeństwem pracy. Metodologia: Opierając się na krytycznej analizie literatury, autorzy przedstawili zalety i wady ogniw wykorzystywanych w smartfonach, laptopach, przenośnych elektronarzędziach, a nawet samochodach elektrycznych. Rozwój technologii produkcji akumulatorów litowo-jonowych oraz rozszerzenie zakresu ich zastosowania sprawia, że konieczne jest opracowanie rozwiązań zwiększających bezpieczeństwo podczas ich użytkowania oraz procedur zapobiegania ewentualnym wybuchom i pożarom, pozwalających na skuteczną ochronę życia oraz zdrowia użytkowników, a także zabezpieczenie wszelkiego mienia i środowiska. Wnioski: Aby zapobiegać pożarom, należy poznać mechanizmy, które prowadzą do zapłonu ogniw i akumulatorów. Z punktu widzenia przeciwdziałania tego typu awariom i pożarom istotne jest rozpoznanie reakcji palących się akumulatorów na różnego typu środki gaśnicze i prewencyjne. Kontynuacja badań w tej dziedzinie może przyczynić się do opracowania bardziej zaawansowanych technologii bezpieczeństwa oraz wypracowania standardów regulacyjnych, które w przyszłości zagwarantują skuteczne zwalczanie pożarów akumulatorów w technologii Li-ion bezpośrednio związanych z ich przechowywaniem, użytkowaniem ich w dużym zagęszczeniu, oraz poprawnym składowaniem odpadów (w postaci uszkodzonych i wyeksploatowanych akumulatorów).

3

The Role of Corruption in the Implementation of Environmental Regulations

Özpolat Asli, Ozsoy Ferda Nakipoglu

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2024

|

Vol. 19, no. 1

53--66

EN

The necessity for politicians to take action to prevent environmental pollution and combat environmental pollution and corruption is made clear by the rise in environmental pollution and corruption that results from growing economic activity and development in emerging countries. The correlation between economic growth, corruption, and environmental harm has been studied for groupings of high-income emerging countries for this reason. The inverted U-shaped correlation between economic growth and environmental pollution is valid for MIST but not for BRCS because of empirical studies taking cross-section dependency into account and assessing the long-term relationship. Additionally, corruption has been demonstrated to worsen environmental contamination.

PL

Konieczność podejmowania przez polityków działań mających na celu zapobieganie zanieczyszczeniu środowiska oraz zwalczanie zanieczyszczenia środowiska i korupcji jest konieczne wobec wzrostu poziomu zanieczyszczeń i korupcji, które wynikają z rosnącej aktywności gospodarczej i rozwoju krajów rozwijających się. Dlatego zbadano korelację między wzrostem gospodarczym, korupcją i szkodami dla środowiska w grupach krajów rozwijających się o wysokich dochodach. Korelacja w kształcie odwróconej litery U między wzrostem gospodarczym a zanieczyszczeniem środowiska jest ważna dla krajów MIST, ale nie dla krajów BRCS, co wynika z badań empirycznych uwzględniających zależność przekrojową i oceniających zależność długoterminową. Ponadto wykazano, że korupcja zwiększa poziom zanieczyszczenia środowiska.

4

Enhancing the coefficient of performance (COP) of mini refrigerators based on thermoelectric units (Peltier)

Elnaggar Amal E.M., Sharaf Soliman, Rehim Zeinab S. Abedel, Mustafa Hassan M.M., El Zoghby Helmy M.

Polityka Energetyczna

|

2024

|

T. 27, z. 3

133--160

EN

Energy scarcity in the world and the pollutants resulting from excessive use of energy lead to an increase in global warming. There is a need to search for sustainable alternatives that use less energy to reduce environmental problems as well as alternatives to the use of Freon, which is harmful to the environment, one of the most dangerous pollutants, and increases the ozone hole. The current research aims to investigate the performance of thermoelectric refrigerators with different operating conditions. A portable thermoelectric refrigerator was developed for those living in remote areas of Egypt off the electrical grid (e.g., deserts). The designed refrigerator is based on the Peltier effect using Peltier units. The refrigerator is designed, manufactured, and experimentally tested. Several variables were studied in fast cooling systems for different conditions to minimize time, decrease the cooling temperature, and increase the coefficient of performance (COP) by the response surface methodology (RSM) model. The results reveal that the obtained maximum COP was 77.3%, at 4 V and 1.006 with a difference in cooling temperature (∆T) of 8°C. The highest ∆T was 26.4°C at 10 V, 9.149 A, 91.49 W and COP 11.2%. The optimum condition was cooling temperature 12.7°C, COP 51.4% at 4 V, 3.445 A by using 4 Peltier, according to Response surface methodology (RSM) includes optimization procedures for the settings of factorial variables by design expert 13, such that maximum ∆T was 20.3°C and maximum COP 49.576% with 4 volts, 4 no. of Peltier and current 3.601 A in the value range. The results reveal that the obtained determination coefficient for ∆T and the COP adjusted R2 and R3 values 0.9286 and 0.9603 respectively.

PL

Niedobór energii na świecie i zanieczyszczenia wynikające z nadmiernego zużycia energii prowadzą do wzrostu globalnego ocieplenia. Istnieje potrzeba poszukiwania zrównoważonych alternatyw, które zużywają mniej energii w celu zmniejszenia problemów środowiskowych, a także alternatyw dla stosowania freonu, który jest szkodliwy dla środowiska, jednym z najniebezpieczniejszych zanieczyszczeń i zwiększa dziurę ozonową. Obecne badania mają na celu zbadanie wydajności lodówek termoelektrycznych w różnych warunkach pracy. Przenośna lodówka termoelektryczna została opracowana dla osób mieszkających w odległych obszarach Egiptu poza siecią elektryczną (np. pustynie). Zaprojektowana lodówka opiera się na efekcie Peltiera z wykorzystaniem jednostek Peltiera. Lodówka została zaprojektowana, wyprodukowana i przetestowana eksperymentalnie. Zbadano kilka zmiennych w systemach szybkiego chłodzenia dla różnych warunków, aby zminimalizować czas, obniżyć temperaturę chłodzenia i zwiększyć współczynnik wydajności (COP) za pomocą metodologii powierzchni odpowiedzi (RSM). Wyniki pokazują, że uzyskany maksymalny współczynnik COP wynosił 77,3% przy 4 V i 1,006 przy różnicy w temperaturze chłodzenia (ΔT) wynoszącej 8°C. Najwyższa ΔT wynosiła 26,4°C przy 10 V, 9,149 A, 91,49 W i COP 11,2%. Optymalnym warunkiem była temperatura chłodzenia 12,7°C, COP 51,4% przy 4 V, 3,445 A przy użyciu 4 Peltierów, zgodnie z metodologią powierzchni odpowiedzi (RSM) obejmującą procedury optymalizacji ustawień zmiennych czynnikowych przez eksperta ds. projektowania 13, tak że maksymalna ΔT wynosiła 20,3°C i maksymalny COP 49,576% przy 4 V, 4 nr Peltiera i prądzie 3,601 A w zakresie wartości. Wyniki pokazują, że uzyskany współczynnik determinacji dla ΔT i COP skorygowane wartości R2 i R3 odpowiednio 0,9286 i 0,9603.

5

Determination of uranium concentration in blood samples of women with breast cancer in Babylon Province of Iraq using CR-39 nuclear track detector

Essa Haider O., Al-Attiyah Khalid H. H., Al-Hamzawi Anees A.

Nukleonika

|

2024

|

Vol. 69, No. 3

143--149

EN

The incidence and prevalence of breast cancer in Iraq are alarming. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Iraqi women, and its rates have been steadily increasing over the years. The exact reasons for the high incidence are not yet fully understood, but it is believed to be infl uenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The research objectives of this study revolve around two main goals. Firstly, the study aims to establish baseline values for the amount of uranium present in blood samples. Secondly, the study aims to assess the potential relationship between uranium levels in blood and the development of cancer. The investigation includes 16 blood samples from women diagnosed with breast cancer and 20 blood samples from women without breast cancer. The nuclear fi ssion track analysis method using CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors will be employed to analyze the uranium contents in women’s cancer blood (CB) samples. The methodology adopted for this study involved utilizing the SPSS program to conduct a comprehensive statistical analysis. The results of the study indicate that there is a variation in uranium concentration among both the patient women and healthy women. The uranium concentration among patient women ranged from 3.259 ppb to 1.918 ppb, while among healthy women, it varied from 2.105 ppb to 0.59 ppb. These findings suggest that there may be a correlation between the presence of certain health issues and higher uranium levels.

6

Zanieczyszczający płaci! Rozszerzona odpowiedzialność producenta w gospodarce wodnej

Ramm Klara

Kierunek Chemia

|

2024

|

Nr 3

85-88

PL

Nowa, jeszcze nieopublikowana dyrektywa ściekowa, wprowadza mechanizm Rozszerzonej Odpowiedzialności Producenta (ROP). Jest to narzędzie dość dobrze znane i rozpowszechnione w gospodarce odpadowej, jednak wciąż nowe dla branży ściekowej.

7

Wieczne chemikalia.Czy zostaną z nami na zawsze?

Walczak Natalia, Szopińska Małgorzata, Gamoń Filip, Łuczkiewicz Aneta, Fudala-Książek Sylwia

Kierunek Chemia

|

2024

|

Nr 4

84-88

PL

Każdy z nas ma kontakt z przedmiotami takimi jak patelnia z powłoką teflonową, baterie, nici dentystyczne, papierowe kubki i słomki czy kosmetyki. Co je łączy? Wszystkie w swojej strukturze mogą zawierać związki poli- i perfluoralkilowe znane jako PFAS i należące do grupy tzw. „wiecznych chemikaliów”.

8

Małe nie zawsze jest piękne.Jak rozwiązać globalny problem mikroplastików w wodzie?

Markiewicz Roksana

Kierunek Chemia

|

2024

|

Nr 4

80-83

PL

Mikroplastiki określa się mianem zanieczyszczeń budzących niepokój, łatwo dostających się do łańcucha pokarmowego. Występują one w wielu formach i co ważne, przenoszą się każdą możliwą drogą transportu: powietrzem, glebą i oczywiście wodą. W przypadku tworzyw sztucznych, wytwarzane są głównie z dużych, wszechobecnych materiałów, a ich wykrywanie, analiza i usuwanie to niezwykle istotny problem środowiskowy.

9

Quality of hydraulic hoses with reduced service life

Orczykowski Wojciech, Korniluk Jakub, Sobków Robert, Sobków Łukasz

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2024

|

no. 61

166--174

EN

The impact of using rubber hydraulic hoses with a shortened service life on environmental pollution has not yet been raised in the scientific national literature. Most researchers focus on the analysis of used engine oils or contaminated fluid in hydraulic systems, rather than on their direct environmental impact. For some time now, the European market has seen an increase in imports of cheap rubber hydraulic hoses from countries outside the Community. There is a potential risk of negative environmental impacts from the use of these hoses if they do not meet appropriate quality standards. The study examined samples of hydraulic hoses purchased directly from the manufacturers or traders of rubber hydraulic hoses from countries outside the European Union. The products were tested for compliance with PN-EN 853:2015-05 and PN-EN 857:2015-05. Out of 14 fully tested hydraulic hoses, only 2 were found to comply with the applicable European standards. The results encourage further research to determine the impact of rubber hydraulic hoses with reduced service life on environmental and economic costs.

10

Regenerating Etching Solutions for Circuit Boards while Extracting Copper

Nester Anatoliy, Yakovyshyna Tetiana, Salamon Ivan, Sheludchenko Lesya, Liubynskyi Oleksandr, Romanishina Olga, Dzhumelia Elvira

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 25, nr 5

257--267

EN

The examination of sludge derived from electroplating manufacturing, printed circuit board production, and paste-like residue from sludge collectors uncover elevated levels of chromium, nickel, copper, cadmium, and various metals. The considerable saturation of water in the region and diverse soil compositions complicate the identification of suitable waste disposal sites, specifically for electroplating byproducts, limiting available spaces and fostering conditions conducive to soil and water contamination by heavy metal ions. The retention of used etching solutions within industrial facilities contributes to environmental pollution, necessitating substantial expenditures for proper disposal at manufacturing sites. Industrial waste, notably from processes such as printed circuit board etching, represents a significant threat to water quality, encompassing various essential technological processes for the production of diverse electronic equipment serving both civilian and military purposes. This article aims to present research outcomes and conducted experiments geared towards developing eco-friendly equipment. Also, the research delves into specific procedures for obtaining concentrated copper precipitates during the regeneration of etching solutions, with the extraction process reducing the generation of waste in the form of a paste-like structure saturated with water on industrial premises. The treatment of wastewater from etching printed circuit boards can be achieved by establishing a closed production cycle for board manufacturing and extracting copper for industrial applications. Finally, the research strives to design equipment for regenerating used solutions with metal extraction in a form suitable for remelting, contributing as an element to environmental conservation. The results facilitate the establishment of a printed circuit board etching line that incorporates the reuse of spent etching solutions in the manufacturing process. For solution regeneration, it is recommended to utilize a regenerator with a titanium VT1-0 cathode. The outcomes of individual tests provide conditions for regenerating spent etching solutions and utilizing the extracted copper in the national economy.

11

(Czy) enzymy rozwiążą problem recyklingu PET-u

Foltynowicz Zenon

Energia i Recykling : gospodarka obiegu zamkniętego

|

2024

|

nr 11

PL

Obecnie jednorazowe tworzywa sztuczne stanowią alarmujące 50% światowej produkcji tworzyw sztucznych, głównie zaspokajając potrzeby opakowalnictwa. Rosnąca w szybkim tempie produkcja jednorazowych tworzyw sztucznych, w połączeniu z przeważnie niebiodegradowalną naturą tworzyw sztucznych na bazie ropy naftowej, spowodowała, że zanieczyszczenie odpadami tworzyw sztucznych stało się krytycznym wyzwaniem dla środowiska.

12

Employing Phytoremediation Methods to Extract Heavy Metals from Polluted Soils

Alawsy Wafaa Sahib Abbood, Alabadi Luma Abdalalah Sagban, Al Jibury Dunya A.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2024

|

Vol. 25, iss. 6

352--361

EN

The phytoremediation technique has become very efficient for treating soil contaminated with heavy metals. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted where the Dodonaea plant (known as hops) was grown, and soil previously contaminated with metals (Zn, Ni, Cd) was added at concentrations 100, 50, 0 mg·kg-1 for Ni and Zn, and at concentrations of 0, 5, 10 mg·kg-1 for cadmium. Irrigation was done within the limits of the field capacity of the soil. Cadmium, nickel and zinc was estimated in the soil to find out the capacity of plants to the absorption of heavy and contaminated metals by using bioconcentration factors (BCFs), bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) and translocation factor (TF). Additionally, BCF values of both Ni and Zn were less than one i.e. Dodonaea hazing moderate bioaccumulation properties based on heavy metals. As for BCF values of Cd, they have by passed, i.e. Dodonaea has the ability to the absorption of cadmium sulfate in the root system. Regarding the bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) values for Cd, Ni, and Zn, it was found that they were generally below one, indicating that Dodonaea exhibits moderate capabilities for bioaccumulating these heavy metals. Therefore, Dodonaea plant is useful in treating heavy metals. Highlighting a pioneering approach, this study introduces a novel method that significantly advances the understanding of phytoremediation’s role in reducing pollution caused by various industries working on the soil, specifically through the use of Dodonaea in the T3 treatment group, which showed remarkable efficacy on metal-contaminated soil.

13

Characteristics and Abundance of Microplastics Pollution in Water and Sediment in the Bogowonto River

Nanlohy William Ariel, Setiawan Riza Yuliratno, Adharini Ratih Ida, Wicaksono Ega Adhi, Wardana Adhitya Kusuma

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2024

|

Vol. 25, iss. 12

40--54

EN

The plastic debris that breaks down smaller than 5 mm is defined as microplastics and the source of these microplastics can come from daily products used like laundry activities. Bogowonto River is a vital component of the aquatic ecosystem that provides water for domestic, agricultural, and industrial needs. This study aimed to determine the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in Bogowonto River. Sampling was conducted in December 2023, totaling 15 water samples and 15 sediment samples with 3 repetitions at 5 stations. Determination of the location point using purposive sampling method in which the sampling station was selected by considering anthropogenic activities. Water sampling was carried out using a plankton net and subsequent destruction of organic matter and filtration. A grab sampler (Van Veen, Hydro-Bios, Germany) was used to take sediment samples, which were then separated by density, and filtered. MP abundance in water samples ranged from 126.67 ± 11.55 to 253.33 ± 64.29 MPs/m3 (x̅ ± SD) and sediment samples ranged from 100.00 ± 45.83 to 236.67 ± 126.62 MPs/ kg (x̅ ± SD). The shape of microplastic fiber is the most dominant in the sample, while the red and blue colors are the most dominant colors and consistently appear in all samples. Testing to determine the type of polymer in the sample using the FTIR-ATR method. Polyamide and polypropylene are the two most dominant types of polymers. Waste discharges from the agricultural, construction, hospital, tourism, market, and residential sectors all contribute to microplastic pollution of the river. The meander pattern of the river between stations 3 and 4 has an impact on the transportation of microplastics, which affects their abundance.

14

Removal of textile dyes from water using cellulose aerogel

Liugė Monika, Paliulis Dainius, Kumpienė Jūratė, Paulauskienė Tatjana

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

|

2024

|

Vol. 31, nr 1

49--62

EN

In this study, removal of textile dyes from artificially contaminated water was investigated using sorbent synthesised from cardboard waste. Aerogel - lightweight adsorbent - a material with a low density and large surface area. Aerogels obtained from cellulose, chitosan, lignin or pectin have good adsorption properties for removing organic pollutants from wastewater. The aim of this study was to determine the adsorption efficiency of naphthol green B, congo red, methylene blue and rhodamine B from artificially contaminated water using sorbent synthesised from cardboard waste. The mass of the cellulose aerogel (5 mas. %) adsorbents, that were used in the experiments varied from 1.6 g to 2.74 g. The optimal adsorption conditions were determined as pH = 6.0, concentration of dyes - 10 mg L–1 and 18.0 °C -19.0 °C temperature. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum removal efficiency of naphthol green B using aerogel was 16.45 %; congo red - 98.44 %; methylene blue 79.28 %; and rhodamine B - 52.44 %.

15

Analysis of the factors contributing to environmental pollution in the subcarpathian province

Kalda Galyna, Krokos Jolanta, Pietrucha-Urbanik Katarzyna

Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture

|

2024

|

Vol. 71

19--31

EN

The work presents an examination of Poland's environmental condition, with a focus on the contamination of air and surface waters by various chemical elements. The composition and quality of the air impact ecosystems, plant growth, the animal kingdom, and shape human living conditions. These factors play a significant role in driving global climate change. The repercussions of air pollution encompass phenomena such as smog, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, as well as impacts on industrial and municipal facilities, contributing to global warming. The article conducts an analysis of air pollution, surface water contamination, and electromagnetic radiation pollution in Subcarpathian, utilizing the city of Stalowa Wola and the Stalowa Wola county as case studies. This choice is informed by the fact that Stalowa Wola stands as one of the largest industrial cities in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, suggesting that environmental pollution levels in this county might surpass those in other regions. The article also delineates the features of air and surface water pollution, along with electromagnetic radiation characteristics. It scrutinizes pollution sources in the mentioned county, explicates the causes of such pollution, and proposes strategies for environmental amelioration. The analysis of the environmental status of Stalowa Wola county during the years 2018 to 2020 is presented, accompanied by recommendations for initiatives that could enhance its condition. The research findings indicate that the condition of uniform segments of surface waters, as evaluated through conducted studies, is deemed poor. The discharge of wastewater from specific pollution points, particularly wastewater from municipal origins, emerges as the predominant cause of subpar water quality.

16

Effect of Engelhard titanosilicate microporous material on photocatalytic performance of cement

Malara Angela, Fotia Antonio, Giglio Francesca, Pastura Francesco, Bonaccorsi Lucio, Frontera Patrizia

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

|

2024

|

Vol. 24, no. 3

art. no. e186, 2024

EN

The application of photocatalysts in concrete technology is a well-established concept that carries with it the ability to give benefits to the surrounding environment. Photocatalytic cement is essentially a modified kind of cement added with photocatalytic materials that, when exposed to light radiation, can catalyse chemical reactions with water vapour and air contaminants, resulting in the degradation of these pollutants. The principal use of photocatalytic cement has been investigated for use in construction materials, particularly pavers, tiles, and concrete. The objective of these investigations is to develop surfaces that contribute to the air cleaning by breaking down pollutants. Titanium dioxide is the photocatalyst that is typically employed the most in construction materials. This is owing to titanium dioxide's higher photocatalytic activity, which is higher than that of other metal oxide photocatalysts, as well as its compatibility. In this study, microporous materials, such as Engelhard Titanium Silicalite (ETS), which are alternatives to titanium oxide as a filler, were introduced into a cement matrix, and the photocatalytic activity was analysed. Their performance was designed to be evaluated on site, with the advantage of gathering information under ambient conditions, for the purposes of exploratory or diagnostic study.

17

Role of green logistics in the construction of sustainable supply chains

Pham Nguyen Dang Khoa, Dinh Gia Huy, Pham Hoang Thai, Kozak Janusz, Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Polish Maritime Research

|

2023

|

nr 3

191--211

EN

The global supply chain has been growing strongly in recent years. This development brings many benefits to the economy, society, and human resources in each country but also causes a large number of concerns related to the environment since traditional logistics activities in the supply chain have been releasing a significant amount of emissions. For that reason, many solutions have been proposed to deal with these environmental pollution problems. Among these, three promising solutions are expected to completely solve environmental problems in every supply chain: (I) Application of blockchain in the supply chain, (II) Use of renewable energy and alternative fuels, and (III) Design of a closed supply chain. However, it seems to lack a comprehensive study of these solutions aiming to overcome the drawbacks of traditional logistics. Indeed, this work focuses on analyzing and evaluating the three above-mentioned solutions and the impacts of each solution on solving problems related to traditional logistics. More importantly, this work also identifies critical factors and challenges such as policies, laws, awareness, and risks that are found to be remarkable difficulties in the shifting progress of traditional logistics to green logistics. Finally, directions for developing and deploying green solutions to the logistics, supply chain, and shipping sectors toward decarbonization strategies and net-zero goals are discussed in detail.

18

Ograniczenie wybranych środków produkcji w uprawie rzepaku ozimego: wyzwania i możliwości maksymalizacji plonu z zachowaniem aspektów ekologicznych

Fiedur Marcin, Królikowski Kamil, Jarecki Wacław

Polish Journal for Sustainable Development

|

2023

|

T. 27, cz. 2

15--22

PL

Badania przeprowadzone w sezonie 2021-2022 mają charakter wstępny, a ich celem było zwrócenie uwagi na korzyści wynikające z zachowywania aspektów ekologicznych w produkcji rolnej. W doświadczeniu porównano reakcję dwóch odmian rzepaku ozimego (Tigris, Riccardo KWS) na dwa poziomy intensywności uprawy oraz opłacalność zastosowanych zabiegów agrotechnicznych. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że plon i skład chemiczny nasion był uzależniony od zastosowanej technologii uprawy. Korzystniejsze efekty ekonomiczne uzyskano z uprawy rzepaku ozimego na poziomie średnio intensywnym (A2), pomimo niższego plonu. Odmiana Tigris przewyższała badanymi parametrami odmianę Riccardo KWS F1. Wykazano, że w systemach uprawy mniej intensywnej zwiększa się efektywność wykorzystania użytych środków do produkcji co może przyczynić się do zmniejszenia negatywnego wpływu na środowisko naturalne.

EN

The research conducted in 2021-2022 is preliminary and its aim was to draw attention to the benefits of maintaining ecological aspects in agricultural production. The experiment compared the response of two varieties of winter rapeseed (Tigris, Riccardo KWS) to two levels of cultivation intensity and the profitability of the applied agrotechnical treatments. The research shows that the yield and chemical composition of seeds depended on the cultivation technology used. More favorable economic effects were obtained from growing winter rapeseed at a medium-intensity level (A2), despite the lower yield. The Tigris variety exceeded the Riccardo KWS F1 variety in the tested parameters. It has been shown that in less intensive cultivation systems, the efficiency of the use of production inputs increases, which may contribute to reducing the negative impact on the natural environment.

19

Influence of the manner of water discharge from dam reservoirs on downstream water quality

Cieśla Maksymilian, Gruca-Rokosz Renata

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2023

|

no. 56

91--101

EN

The study was carried out in the area of three dam reservoirs: Blizne and Maziarnia (Voivodeship of Podkarpackie) and Nielisz (Voivodeship of Lublin). The main parameter differentiating the reservoirs was the water retention time and the manner of water discharge from the reservoirs. Three test sites were designated in the area of each reservoir: in the river zone of the reservoir, in the central part of the reservoir, and near the reservoir dam. At these sites, the concentrations of suspended sediment in the water and the content of organic matter in it, the concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen, as well as chlorophyll a were monitored. In addition, two control sites were established: on the river upstream of the reservoir and on the river downstream of the dam, respectively. At these points, the concentrations of suspended sediments in the water and their organic matter content were recorded. The obtained results of the study and multivariate analysis of the data showed that morphometric parameters (including water retention time) of reservoirs and the method of water discharge influence water quality in downstream rivers. It was found that by using lower discharge and ensuring a sufficiently long retention time of water in the reservoir, it is possible to effectively limit the negative aspects of hydrotechnical structures’ impact on the natural environment. In practice, the observed relationships may constitute an important and missing link in the aspect of minimising undesirable side effects of this type of hydrotechnical objects.

20

Recent Progress of Phytoremediation-Based Technologies for Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Yuliasni Rustiana, Kurniawan Setyo Budi, Marlena Bekti, Hidayat Mohamad Rusdi, Kadier Abudukeremu, Ma Peng Cheng, Imron Muhammad Fauzul

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, nr 2

208--220

EN

Phytoremediation is considered of a cost effective and environmentally friendly technology and has been used successfully for the remediation of soils and water contaminated with various pollutants. Specifically for full scale application to treat industrial wastewater, phytoremediation is used as sole technology for different types of wetlands. However, phytoremediation of polluted water in wetland type reactor has been mostly studied as black box. The method to measure the performance is only based on pollutant removal efficiency and there is very limited information available about of the pollutant removal mechanisms and process dynamics in these systems. Thus, the aim of this chapter was to briefly review basic processes of phytoremediation, its mechanisms and parameters, and its interaction between rhizo-remediation and microbe-plant. In addition, this chapter also elaborated phytoremediation challenges and strategies for full-scale application, its techniques to remove both organic and inorganic contaminants by aquatic plants in water, and some examples of applications in industries.