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EN
One of the requirements of the process approach is to identify the methods and evaluation criteria for process measurement. Efficiency described as the ability to achieve planned results with respect to consumed resources may be a measure used for evaluation of processes. The article presents a few concepts of efficiency indicators that can be used in assessing the activities carried out within the framework of the implementation of new projects, according to standards of automotive industry. These standards are: APQP (Advanced Product Quality Planning) and its integral part, used in the final stage of validation of the product and process, known as PPAP (Production Part Approval Process). The paper proposes three concepts of indicators assessing the efficiency of the above-described process and one concept of calculating the efficiency indicator based on the Taguchis loss function.
2
Content available remote Model stanowiska do badania zużycia erozyjnego
EN
The article presents the model of the research stand for simulation of the process of the erosion wear. The characteristics of particular mechanical modules of the research stand is presented. They include the system for precise feeding the abradant, the heat exchange module, measurement chamber and the system for air preparation. The stand is built of sub-systems which are independent integrated modules intended for performing the given task in the global structure of the stand. The designed structure of the system allows choice of the optimal task from the set of alternate configurations. The modular structure allows reconfiguration and adaptation of the stand, which allows generation of the research conditions similar to the real conditions of exploitation of the given material. The modification might include the change of the elements in the module of abradant feed or elements included in the measurement chamber.
EN
It is a common knowledge, that quality of a manufactured product highly depends on quality of its components. This especially might be a problem, if a component comes from external supplier, whose processes are normally beyond our control. The paper addresses a procedure called PPAP (Production Part Approval Process abbreviation known from Ford, Chrysler, General Motors manuals, issued by AIAG) which has been widely used in automotive industry to assure good quality deliveries from suppliers, beginning from early stage of cooperation, before start of production. PPAP requirements are shown as a way customer and supplier agrees upon not only product quality, but also upon manufacturing process, which must meet specified standards, set by customer (e.g. documentation, records, capability, stability, confidence in measurements etc.). The paper includes authors' assessment of resources necessary for a supplier to provide in order to meet customer's PPAP requirements. Also, reasons and perspectives of PPAP development are discussed, basing on documents proving PPAP - like practices noticeable in industries having little or nothing in common with automotive industry. In conclusion, PPAP is presented as a procedure imposed on suppliers by customers, who, being well aware of weaknesses of certified Quality Management Systems with respect to management of preventive actions in supplier's manufacturing processes, needs a strong proof that a supplier effectively introduced relevant preventive actions to a manufacturing process before it starts production of goods for a customer.
EN
One of the requirements of the process approach is to identify the methods and evaluation criteria for process measurement. The effectiveness described as the ability to execute scheduled tasks and the objectives may be the measure used to evaluate processes. The article presents a few concepts of efficiency indicators that can be used in assessing the activities carried out within the framework of the implementation of new projects, according to APQP&PPAP guidelines. This paper proposes four concepts of indicators to assess the effectiveness of the above-described process, including index based on the Taguchi loss function.
5
Content available remote Modeling and simulation of human lower limb exoskeleton
EN
The following work presents the simulation of angular translocations as well as velocities and accelerations of particular parts of a human lower limb exoskeleton. A mathematical model of exoskeleton lower limbs and subsequently a flowchart in Simulink were elaborated. A virtual 3D-model allows observation of particular parts of the exoskeleton.
6
Content available remote Numbering action vertices in workflow graphs
EN
Workflow graphs, consisting of actions, events, and logical switches, are used to model business processes. In order to easily identify the actions within a workflow graph, it is useful to number them in such a way that the numbering reflects the structure of the workflow. However, available tools offer only rudimental numbering schemes. In the paper, a set of natural requirements is defined that a logical numbering should fulfill. It is investigated under what conditions there is an appropriate numbering at all, when it is uniquely defined by the set of requirements, and when it can be computed efficiently. It is shown that for an important special class of workflow graphs, namely, structured workflow graphs, the answer to all these questions is affirmative. For general workflow graphs, a set of requirements is presented that can always be fulfilled, but the numbering is not necessarily unique. An algorithm based on a depth-first search can be used to compute an appropriate numbering efficiently.
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