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EN
In this article, a computer simulation of a selected production process was carried out. The simulation aimed to determine the number of internal transport means that allow the implementation of the manufacturing process, considering parameters such as the efficiency of the production process, the number of inter-operational stocks, and the level of use of means of transport. FlexSim simulation software was used to conduct the simulation. The simulation made it possible to obtain results, which were then analyzed and used to select the most advantageous solution. The conducted process, which was intended to determine the resources necessary to implement a specific production plan, confirmed the validity of using computer simulation at the stage of planning production and logistics processes, as well as their evaluation.
EN
The article presents an approach to the analysis of multi-station work organization using computer simulation. The aim of the study was to support the decision-making process in terms of cost management and minimizing risks related to employee safety. The FlexSim environment was applied to conduct experiments, enabling the modeling and testing of different scenarios of personnel allocation to workstations. The evaluation covered scenarios varying in staffing levels, employee qualifications, and task distribution. The analysis of results demonstrated that an appropriate personnel assignment strategy can significantly reduce the risk of undesirable events while optimizing the costs of task execution. The obtained findings indicate that computer simulation can be an effective tool to support the management of work organization in conditions of process complexity and uncertainty.
EN
Production planning in terms of defining the number of resources necessary to execute the production plan in a precisely defined time is a complex task. The complexity of the planning process results from the large number of variables affecting the production process. Planning the production process in such a way as to shorten its duration, reduce costs and at the same time ensure the appropriate quality of the product determines the competitiveness of a given company on the market, which is a key factor today. The aim of the article was to present the justification for using simulation software as a tool supporting decision-making in the field of selecting the appropriate number of production resources necessary to implement the assumed production plan. The subject of the research was the actual production process (case study). For the purposes of the research, a five-stage methodology was developed, the effect of which was to conduct a computer simulation of the production process. The obtained results allowed to indicate the best of the analyzed solutions, ensuring reduction, among others, of the duration of the production process and the costs generated by it. The analysis confirmed the justification for using computer simulation in planning production processes as a tool supporting decision-making.
EN
Managing the supply chain of building materials is one of the most important elements of the organization of construction works. When planning the supply of building materials, many factors should be taken into account, including: production time, delivery date, transport distance, storage locations, time and method of unloading and storage conditions of a given material. In the article, the authors presented numerous benefits and minor inconveniences of using the simulation of concrete mix deliveries to a real construction site using two computer programs: AnyLogic and FlexSim.
PL
Zarządzanie łańcuchem dostaw materiałów budowlanych jest jednym z istotnych elementów organizacji robót budowlanych. W trakcie planowania dostaw należy brać pod uwagę wiele czynników, takich jak: czas produkcji, termin dostawy, odległość transportu i miejsca składowania, czas i sposób rozładunku oraz warunki przechowywania danego materiału. W artykule przedstawiono liczne korzyści oraz drobne niedogodności wynikające z symulacji dostaw mieszanki betonowej na rzeczywisty plac budowy z wykorzystaniem dwóch programów komputerowych AnyLogic oraz FlexSim.
EN
The aim of the article was to study the impact of various real-life factors determining the container train loading process duration. Various strategies of the crane operation were considered. Among the factors influencing the train loading duration, railcar hitching pin configuration, container weight, railcar capacity, and arrangement of containers in the storage yard were considered. The FlexSim simulation model of the container terminal was developed, covering the storage yard and the railway track. The analysis shows that the number of containers collected directly from the storage yard has the greatest impact on the train loading duration.
EN
This paper presents a simulation-based model aimed at optimizing the outsourcing of production tasks to external subcontractors, focusing on minimizing costs and production times. The study explores a manufacturing scenario where a company utilizes both in-house and subcontractor resources for machining metal components. A simulation model was developed in FlexSim, employing advanced tools such as the OptQuest optimizer to analyze various scenarios of production allocation. Parameters like production cost, machine utilization, and task completion times were modelled and evaluated. The results showcase the effectiveness of simulation models in identifying optimal production strategies, balancing cost-efficiency with operational flexibility. The findings emphasize the utility of such tools for decision-making in production management, providing insights into resource allocation and performance improvement.
EN
This article examines the utilization of computer simulation techniques for optimizing warehouse locations, an essential component of efficient supply chain management. The study employs a detailed simulation model built using FlexSim software to analyze various decision-making scenarios and identify the optimal warehouse locations while considering market demand for different products. The model integrates a finite set of decision variables and constraints specific to the logistics problem, offering a structured approach to evaluate alternative strategies. Key stages in the development of the simulation model are outlined, including the definition of input parameters, the execution of simulations, and the interpretation of results. The findings demonstrate that virtual simulation modeling significantly enhances decision-making processes by providing precise insights into the interactions within the distribution network. Additionally, the use of simulation results in considerable time and cost savings by reducing the need for costly physical trials. This research underscores the effectiveness of computer simulation in optimizing warehouse locations, contributing to improved supply chain performance and operational efficiency.
EN
This article presents the vehicle selection problem in the vehicle fleet of a retail and service company. In practical solutions, fleet managers focus on minimizing TCO (total cost of ownership) while ignoring the impact of the fleet on the environment. Therefore, a literature review of current solutions in fleet selection and their determinants is presented. Considering the latest trends and regulations, an optimization model for vehicle selection was developed, considering the issues of emissions and external costs. The developed model was implemented in a simulation environment, and a sensitivity analysis of the solutions obtained was carried out. The research made it possible to indicate the impact of the pollutant emission factor on the fleet structure.
EN
The article presents the optimization of supply chain management in a foundry using computer simulation with the FlexSim program. The authors analyze collaboration with external entities in the production process, focusing on the settlement of raw materials, transportation services, and storage costs. Special attention is given to the production plans of subcontractors integrated into the operational production schedule. Utilizing the 3D FlexSim environment, they showcase a simulation model optimized for minimizing the costs of production, transportation, and storage of alloying elements essential for iron casting production. The case study illustrates the effective use of computer simulation in refining supply chain management within the context of the foundry production process.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the impact of effective time management on the performance of workstations in the context of the conflict between maximizing workstation utilization and minimizing the number of items waiting in the queue. The article utilized the FlexSim program to build a simulation model of the workstation and conducted optimization using the built-in optimizer. The research demonstrated that effective time management has a positive impact on workstation performance by reducing the number of items waiting in the queue, leading to increased throughput and reduced delays in production processes. An important aspect of the analysis was the application of a multi-criteria optimization approach, which allowed for achieving a balance between maximizing workstation utilization and minimizing the number of items waiting. Multi-criteria optimization considers diverse goals and decision criteria, leading to a more comprehensive approach to optimizing production processes. As a result, effective time management on workstations, based on analysis and multi-criteria optimization, can significantly improve the efficiency and performance of production processes. This analysis can be a valuable tool for organizations seeking to optimize their processes and achieve a competitive advantage in the market. The analysis conducted in the article confirms that effective time management has a beneficial impact on workstation performance. The use of a multi-criteria approach in optimization enables achieving a balance between various decision factors. The presented simulation model and research results can be useful for decision-makers in the manufacturing field who aim to make more informed decisions regarding planning and optimizing production processes to enhance efficiency, effectiveness, and customer satisfaction.
EN
Determining the parameters of the production system as well as the choice of the type of manufactured elements flow shall appoint the level of effectiveness of the manufacturing process. The article presents an example of implementation the simulation verification process of the production flow, taking into account system constraints. The basic stages of developing a simulation model in this process are discussed, taking into account the necessary information and input data. The results show the impact of the application selected flow scenarios on the level of generated costs and the duration of the manufacturing process. The process of assessing individual variants of the organization production was performed on the basis of the results obtained by computer simulation in the FlexSim simulation software.
EN
This article proposes a method to support decision making from a cost management perspective in the initial tage of production planning. In a research analyzed the problem of selecting production re-sources for order realization. The research was based on computer simulation. The developed model focuses on the planning of the production process in the event that the products have not yet been produced and it is necessary to decide where to produce it (with what production resources) so that the total production costs are as low as possible. In this concept, the FlexSim simulation environment with a built-in optimization module was used to solve the problem. The basic steps of simulation model built were discussed, taking into account the necessary information and input data. The results show the impact of the application of selected simulation scenarios on the level of use of production re-sources, due to the minimization of the total production costs and the duration time of the production process.
EN
Automated storage systems have become the basis of warehouse logistics. The article presents a discussion on the reliability and dependability of Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS), which are perceived as solutions with high technical reliability. Still, their role in the dependability of the entire warehouse system is to be discussed. The concepts of reliability and dependability in logistics systems like ASRS are defined, and a literature review in this area is presented. On this basis, the factors influencing the dependability of ASRS are discussed in a way not present in the discussion on this topic so far. Then, the ASRS simulation model (based on FlexSim simulation software) is presented. The model tests the influence of ASRS configuration and assigned resources on the dependability of the warehouse as a master system. The summary includes observations on defining the reliability and dependability of ASRS.
EN
The article presents the issues of a container train loading at the land intermodal terminal. This issue was considered from the point of view of the distance covered by the loading devices and the duration of loading works, which was influenced by the arrangement of containers on the storage yard and the configuration of pins on the wagons. The conducted research was dictated by the small number of publications on loading an intermodal train, especially from the point of view of pin configuration on wagons. The vast majority of the literature is devoted in this field to marine intermodal terminals, which operating characteristics are different from inland terminals. The importance of this problem resulting from the growing turnover of containers transported by rail transport was also pointed out. The systematic increase of this type of transport and the depletion of the intermodal services' operating capability makes it necessary to improve the train loading process. For the purposes of the research, the issues of containers of various sizes loading onto wagons planning with various pin configurations were presented. A literature review was carried out in the field of train loading methods and strategies. A mathematical model was developed for the decision situation under consideration. The equations defining the most important elements of the considered problem were presented in the general form. This model was implemented in the FlexSim simulation environment. The constructed simulation model was used to develop 12 variants of the approach to an intermodal train loading. The train loading tests were performed both for the random arrangement of containers on the storage yard and for the random arrangement of pins on the wagons. The obtained results made it possible to determine how the knowledge of the arrangement of pins on the wagons influences the planning of train loading and increases the efficiency of loading devices.
EN
The main aim of the article is to develop a simulation model of flexible manufacturing system with applying the ontology on flexibility. Designing manufacturing systems matching both production and market requirements becomes more and more challenging due to the variability of demand for a large number of products made in many variants and short lead times. Manufacturing flexibility is widely recognised as a proven solution to achieve and maintain both the strategical and operational goals of the companies exposed to global competition. Generic simulation model of flexible manufacturing system was developed using FlexSim® 3D software, then the example data were used to demonstrate the developed model applicability. “The Ontology on Flexibility” was applied for evaluation of achieved flexibility of manufacturing system.
EN
Global competition is setting new rules for the release and sale of products. Success is possible thanks to the introduction of effective tools in modern information technologies, which allow simulation of the process of production and supply, calculate the time spent and eliminate problematic issues with production, etc. Production planning, the first stage of product creation, is possible through the involvement of modeling. Our work aims to analyze the main stages of creating a simulation model in the FlexSim environment, to determine the interconnected impact of different parameters on the work of individual elements and the technological system in general. The automated technological process is considered as a multi-parameter system where input and output are interconnected. Each element of the process can be defined as a separate model, where the input of the initial data takes place, and at its output, we get the expected action that was programmed. The model created is considered by FlexSim as a system consisting of related parameters. The formed complex of optimal parameters in the production process is applicable, in particular, to the construction industry when solving decision-making tasks.
PL
Powszechnie występująca globalna konkurencja wymaga stosowania nowych zasady organizacji produkcji, dystrybucji i sprzedaży produktów. Osiągnięcie sukcesu w tym względzie jest możliwe dzięki wprowadzeniu skutecznych narzędzi informatycznych, które pozwalają symulować proces produkcji, dostarczać dane i obliczać czas na wytworzenie produktu, eliminować problematyczne miejsca w produkcji itp. W przypadku planowania, będącego pierwszym etapem tworzenia produktu, można osiągnąć najlepsze efekty dzięki zastosowaniu modelowania. Modelowanie procesów technologicznych polega na tworzeniu modelu i relacji między różnymi elementami tego procesu w przestrzeni i w czasie. Celem danej pracy jest analiza głównych etapów tworzenia modelu symulacyjnego przy wykorzystaniu środowiska FlexSim. Polegała on na określeniu wpływu wzajemnych relacji różnych składowych na wytworzenie poszczególnych elementów i cały ciąg technologiczny. Zautomatyzowany proces technologiczny jest traktowany jako system wieloparametrowy, w którym wejścia i wyjścia są ze sobą ściśle połączone. Każdy element procesu można zdefiniować jako osobny model, dla którego odbywa się wprowadzanie danych początkowych, a na jego wyjściu otrzymuje oczekiwane zaprogramowane działanie. Model, który został stworzony, jest traktowany w programie FlexSim jako system składający się z powiązanych parametrów. Zaproponowane podejście mające na celu uzyskanie kompleksu optymalnych parametrów procesu produkcyjnego znajduje zastosowanie zwłaszcza w budownictwie przy rozwiązywaniu procesów decyzyjnych.
EN
The article present current research realized during works on production planning and manufacturing system quality improving with use a methods of computer modelling and simulation techniques. Except that, the functional analysis of simulation software FlexSim are shown in context of manual operated and robotized technological lines. At realized tests, the possibility of the selected application were examined in the optimization of material flow through internal system, especially in the context of automated and robotized medium-series and high volume production. During research two models were created and compared, at the end some conclusions were presented. The article was created on the base of master thesis [1].
PL
Artykuł przedstawia potencjał ekonomiczny drzemiący w wymianie handlowej pomiędzy Chinami, a Unią Europejską przy użyciu nowego środka transportu - kolei niskociśnieniowej. Technologia opiera się na przewożeniu dóbr w kapsułach, poruszających się wewnątrz szczelnie zamkniętej tuby, w której ciśnienie obniżone jest do około 100Pa. Dzięki niskiemu ciśnieniu, opór powietrza wewnątrz tuby również jest bardzo niski, co pozwala kapsule na poruszanie się w niej bez znaczących strat energii. W przyszłości umożliwi to bardzo szybki i ekonomiczny transport dóbr pomiędzy Chinami i Europą. Uważa się, że kapsuła będzie w stanie osiągnąć prędkość około 1000km/h. W oparciu o te założenia, zaistniały nowe perspektywy w obszarze wymiany handlowej Europy z Chinami. Dotyczy to w szczególności okręgów przemysłowo- przeładunkowych jak Sinchuan, Yunnan, Kweichow czy Chongqing. Potencjał tych regionów to 200 milionowa populacja, terytorium o powierzchni dwukrotnie większej od Francji oraz szybki wzrost gospodarczy - około 10%. W 2016 roku, pociąg z Chengu do Łodzi wyruszył 463 razy, natomiast w 2017 było już około 1000 kursów. Gospodarka Sinchuan opiera głównie się na: rolnictwie, energetyce wodnej, dużych zasobach gazu, przemyśle ciężkim i elektronice. Gospodarka Chongqing bazuje na: motoryzacji, przemyśle ciężkim, elektronice oraz przemyśle chemicznym. W Yunnan natomiast dominują przetwórstwo rolne, zasoby naturalne oraz przemysł ciężki. Z punktu widzenia interesów Polski, na największą uwagę zasługują okręgi Sinchuan i Chongqing. To one czerpią największe korzyści z rozwoju chińskiej gospodarki. Współtworzą również Nowy Jedwabny Szlak - projekt OBOR (ang. One Belt One Road) i aspirują do stania się handlowym, finansowym, technologiczno-naukowym i telekomunikacyjno-transportowym centrum świata.
EN
The article presents the economic potential of trade between China and the European Union using a new means of transport - low-pressure railways. The technology is based on the transport of goods in capsules, moving inside a tightly closed tube, in which the pressure is lowered to about 100Pa. Thanks to the low pressure, the resistance of the air inside the tube is also very low, which allows the capsules to move in it without significant energy losses. In the future, this will make it possible to transport goods very quickly and economically between China and Europe. It is believed that the capsule will be able to reach a speed of about 1000km/h. Based on these assumptions, there are new prospects for Europe's trade with China. This applies in particular to industrial and transhipment districts such as Sinchuan, Yunnan, Kweichow and Chongqing. These regions have a population of 200 million, a territory twice as large as France, and rapid economic growth of around 10%. In 2016, the train from Cheng to Łódź set off 463 times, while in 2017 there were already about 1000 chickens. The economy of Sinchuan is mainly based on: The economy of Sinchuan is mainly based on: agriculture, hydroelectricity, large gas resources, heavy industry and electronics. Chongqing's economy is based on: The Chongqing economy is based on: automotive, heavy industry, electronics and chemical industry. Yunnan is dominated by agricultural processing, natural resources and heavy industry. The Sinchuan and Chongqing districts deserve the most attention from the point of view of Polish interests. They benefit most from the development of the Chinese economy. They also co-create the New Silk Road - the OBOR (One Belt One Road) project and aspire to become a commercial, financial, technological, scientific and telecommunication and transport centre of the world.
EN
The facility location problem is a popular issue in the literature. The current development of world economies and globalization of the market requires continuous improvement of methods and research in this field. The location of the object determines the time of transport, affects the operational costs of the supply chain, and determines the possible amount of inventory or minimum inventory levels. These are critical issues from the point of view of designing an effective logistics system. The degree of complexity of current decision-making problems requires the construction of mathematical models and support for the decision-maker by optimization and simulation methods. A comprehensive and systemic approach to the problem allows the effective planning of supply chains. The purpose of this article was to study the sensitivity of the warehouse location problem in the supply chain. The solution was obtained based on the methodology developed under the SIMMAG3D project. The article presents the characteristics of the issue of the location of warehouse objects, the mathematical formulation of the solved problem of location and the method of its solution based on the heuristic algorithm using the modification of the Busacker-Gowen method. Then, a supply chain simulation model was developed in the FLEXSIM environment and scenario studies were performed for various input data and model parameters. The analysis and assessment of the solution based on parameters such as utilization of the potential of warehouse objects object were presented. Random change in demand described by Erlang distribution and normal distribution was considered. The analysis showed how the selection of a statistical distribution to describe the input data can affect the shape of the logistics system. The article ends with a summary of considerations and a plan for further research in the use of the simulation environment to support the decision-making process of the location of storage facilities and the functioning of supply chains.
PL
Symulacja komputerowa stanowi doskonałe narzędzie służące analizie złożonych procesów. Znajduje zastosowanie w sytuacjach, gdy zawodzą dostępne metody analityczne jednocześnie dostarczając jak największej liczby informacji o analizowanym procesie W niniejszym artykule wykazano możliwość zastosowania oprogramowania do symulacji procesów dyskretnych FlexSim w weryfikacji przyjętych założeń dotyczących sposobu przeprowadzania ewakuacji budynku Szkoły Podstawowej im. Św. Kingi w Podstolicach. Celem badań było wykazanie możliwości ewakuacji osób przebywających na terenie placówki w zadanym czasie.
EN
Computer simulation is an excellent tool for the analysis of complex processes. It can be used in situations where the available analytical methods cannot be implemented.Thearticle addressesthe possibility of using FlexSim 3D discrete event simulation software in verification of currentassumptions regarding the evacuation planthe building of the Elementary School named after St. Kinga in Podstolice, Wieliczka. The aim of the research was to provethe possibility of evacuating people staying in the facility ina given time.
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