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1

Żywienie w domu seniora – propozycja jadłospisu dla osób starszych ze zdiagnozowaną cukrzycą typu 2

Mikuta Beata, Pluta Karolina

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2025

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T. 79, nr 1

36--39

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu było przedstawienie propozycji 5-dniowego jadłospisu dedykowanego osobom starszym, wymagającym dietoprofilaktyki i dietolecznictwa w zakresie cukrzycy typu 2 i insulinooporności. Zaplanowano 5 posiłków dziennie i do każdego posiłku zapewniono szklankę napoju. W każdym posiłku znalazły się zdrowe źródła białek (drób, niskotłuszczowe produkty mleczne, jaja, ryby, rośliny strączkowe), węglowodanów złożonych (głównie pełnoziarniste pieczywo, kasze, ryż, płatki zbożowe) i tłuszczów (ryby, oleje roślinne, oliwa, orzechy). Dodatek stanowiły warzywa i owoce, jako źródło witamin, składników mineralnych i błonnika. Autorski jadłospis może być wykorzystany przez pracowników świadczących usługi żywieniowe w domach seniorów.

EN

The aim of this article was to present a proposal for a 5-day menu dedicated to older people who require dietary prevention and dietary treatment for type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Five meals a day were planned and a glass of drink was provided with each meal. Each meal included healthy sources of proteins (poultry, low-fat dairy products, eggs, fish, legumes), complex carbohydrates (mainly whole grain bread, groats, rice, cereals) and fats (fish, vegetable oils, olive oil, nuts). The addition included vegetables and fruits as a source of vitamins, minerals and fiber. The original menu can be used by employees providing food services in seniors’ homes.

2

Effect of soil nutrients on the stability of superabsorbent polymers as a tool for climate change mitigation

Vavrincová Lenka, Adamcová Vanda, Machalová Linda, Valica Martin, Rezbárik Šimon, Horník Miroslav

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2025

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Vol. 34, No. 1

73--88

EN

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of soil nutrients on the stability of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). In agriculture, SAPs are known to increase productivity in arid regions by improving plant water availability, optimizing root nutrient uptake, and increasing plant drought tolerance. In this study, we tested SAPs derived from starch and mixtures of acrylic acid and acrylamide. First, a physicochemical characterization of the SAPs was performed, which included optimizing the water absorption volume, determining the maximum absorption capacity, and analyzing the water binding kinetics. We then also investigated the effects of elements, such as Na, K, Zn and Cu, on the stability of SAPs. The results showed that the SAPs exhibited a high-water absorption capacity. However, reduced swelling capacity was observed in the presence of Hoagland’s medium and solutions of metal ions (Na, K, Zn, Cu) with equimolar concentrations to potassium in the SAP.

3

Foliar application of selected insecticides and nutrients : effects on the striped mealybug control and mango fruit yield and quality

Bakry Moustafa M. S., Tolba Eman F. M., Badawy Amr M. M., Henaish Mahmoud Y. H., Salem El-Nouby H., Mohamed Lamiaa H. Y.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2025

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no. 66

68--78

EN

Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), known as the striped mealybug, is a common pest on mango trees. This pest feeds on sap, leading to tree weakening trees, and extreme case causing their death. Infestation leads to the formation of cottony masses on mango fruits, reducing their nutritional, marketing, commercial, and export value. The current experiment aimed to determine the effectiveness of some chemical insecticides, applied with or without the addition of foliar nutrients, in combating the striped mealybug and improving the productivity of ‘Zebda’ mango fruits. The results exhibited that F. virgata nymphs were more sensitive to the tested insecticides than the females. Seven days after spraying, all insecticides resulted in a significant increase in mortality rates, which continued to rise over time for both F. virgata nymphs and adult females. Among the tested treatments, Imidacloprid showed to be the most effective in reducing F. virgata females and nymphs, while Malatox exhibited the lowest efficacy. Spraying mango trees with Imidacloprid insecticide in addition to boron, calcium, and magnesium - each at a concentration of 2.5 cm3∙dm-3 - led to a noticeable improvement in all physical and chemical characteristics of fruits compared to unsprayed trees. However, the lowest values were observed in trees treated with Malatox alone. In addition, the maximum avoidable loss was estimated for all studied parameters in trees treated with Malatox only, with the exception of fruit acidity.

4

Current challenges, methods, and strategies for reducing the transfer of nonpoint source pollution from agricultural areas to surface water

Trang Nguyen Thi Ngoc, Policht-Latawiec Agnieszka, Dąbrowska Jolanta, Michałowska Krystyna

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2025

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no. 66

187--205

EN

Agricultural diffuse pollution, also referred to as nonpoint source pollution, is widely recognised as one of the primary challenges to achieving good ecological status in surface waters. This paper synthesises current knowledge on strategies and technical approaches designed to reduce nutrient and contaminant transfers from agricultural landscapes to rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. A broad spectrum of mitigation measures is assessed, including riparian buffer zones, vegetated filter strips, grassed waterways, constructed wetlands, denitrifying bioreactors, permeable barriers, stormwater management on agricultural land, and Good Agricultural Practices. The effectiveness of these measures is examined in relation to biophysical, hydrological, and geomorphological conditions, as well as their ability to provide additional ecosystem services, such as biodiversity enhancement and flood mitigation. Particular emphasis is placed on emerging global challenges, including climate change, which alters precipitation patterns and increases the frequency of extreme weather events, and the growing presence of microplastics and nanoplastics. Persistent barriers to implementation are identified, including fragmented governance frameworks, economic constraints, slow ecological responses, and limited stakeholder engagement. Advances in remote sensing, and geographic information systems are highlighted as essential tools for identifying critical source areas, optimising land management strategies, and improving spatial planning at the catchment scale. A prevention-focused hierarchy of measures is proposed, supported by adaptive and integrated water resource management principles. This paper offers a comprehensive synthesis of scientific and practical insights intended to support policy development, guide effective environmental management strategies, and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 and related European Union water quality objectives.

5

Coconut shell biochar as a sustainable approach for nutrient removal from agricultural wastewater

Edwin Tivany, Komala Puti Sri, Mera Mas, Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini, Jamil Zadariana

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2025

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no. 65

177--184

EN

Coconut shell residues are abundant in tropical countries and have the potential to be further processed into biochar. Due to its specific characteristics, biochar has the potential to remove contaminants from wastewater. The intensification of agriculture in these tropical countries produces large volumes of wastewater that require nutrient removal before being discharged into water bodies. Accumulated nutrient in bodies of water can lead to eutrophication. This study investigates the capacity of coconut shell biochar in removing phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate from agricultural wastewater using both batch adsorption and fixed-bed column methods. The nutrient sorption capacity of biochar produced at different pyrolysis temperatures (300°C, 450°C, and 600°C) was evaluated and compared with locally produced biochar from Padang City. Findings indicated that the nutrient adsorption efficiency of coconut shell biochar is influenced by pyrolysis temperature and is comparable to that of local biochar. The sorption capacity of ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate using local biochar were 10.12, 7.51, and 10.79 mg∙g-1. A continuous sorption study using a fixed-bed column reactor confirmed the ability of local coconut shell biochar in removing nutrients from real agricultural wastewater. This study highlights the potential of utilising coconut shell waste as a sustainable material for nutrient removal from wastewater, thereby helping to prevent nutrient pollution in water bodies.

6

Nutrient fate after the coagulation–flocculation process of fish-farm water using green coagulant

Hussain Ameer, Al-Baldawi Israa Abdulwahab

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2025

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Vol. 26, nr 5

65--72

EN

The aquaculture industry requires to change the water of fish aquarium every day to maintain high production quality. In this study, we assessed the use of the coagulation–flocculation process to treat fish-farm water with green coagulant concentrations (100, 300, and 500 mg/L) to remove turbidity, total suspended solid (TSS), and total dissolved solid (TDS). Phosphate (PO4) and nitrate (NO3) throughout the treatment were detected in fish-farm water, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses were conducted for green coagulant and flocs. Jar tests revealed that the coagulants were able to reduce turbidity – 87%, TSS – 72.72%, and TDS – 8.33% and turbidity –90%, TSS – 86.36%, and TDS – 9.16% by palm pith and watermelon rinds respectively at a dosage of 100 mg/L. Through FTIR analyses, cellulosic materials were found in green coagulant which contributed to the efficacy of the coagulant. Additionally, phosphate increased in water owing to its release from palm pith and watermelon rinds, as confirmed by FTIR results. This study concluded that recovered nutrients and treated water contributed to the enhancement in plant growth as fertiliser and irrigation water.

7

Czynniki żywieniowe w aspekcie profilaktyki chorób układu krążenia u funkcjonariuszy służb mundurowych

Białecka-Dębek Agata, Orysiak Joanna, Łastowiecka-Moras Elżbieta

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka

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2025

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nr 2

18-23

PL

Funkcjonariusze służb mundurowych popełniają wiele błędów żywieniowych, które w połączeniu ze specyfiką pracy, stresem i z innymi czynnikami mogą zwiększać ryzyko rozwoju chorób układu krążenia w tej grupie zawodowej. Dieta w profilaktyce chorób układu krążenia powinna zawierać przede wszystkim owoce, warzywa, produkty pełnoziarniste, orzechy, nasiona roślin strączkowych, ryby i produkty mleczne, a ograniczać spożycie mięsa czerwonego (zwłaszcza przetworzonego) oraz produktów zawierających nasycone kwasy tłuszczowe i tłuszcze trans i/lub sól kuchenną. Warto podkreślić, że przestrzeganie zasad zdrowej diety pozwala na dostarczenie wszystkich niezbędnych składników odżywczych i nie wymaga dodatkowej suplementacji.

EN

Uniformed services officers make many dietary mistakes, which, combined with the nature of their work, stress and other factors, may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in this professional group. The diet aimed at cardiovascular disease prevention should primarily include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes, fish and dairy products, while limiting red meat (especially processed meat) and products containing saturated fatty acids and trans fats and/or table salt. It is important to emphasize that following the principles of a healthy diet ensures the provision of all essential nutrients and does not require additional supplementation.

8

Pozostałości poprodukcyjne – ważne dodatki prozdrowotne i funkcjonalne do żywności

Rolewicz Aleksandra, Starek-Wójcicka Agnieszka, Sagan Agnieszka

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2024

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T. 78, nr 5

30--33

PL

Mając na celu zmniejszenie wpływu na środowisko, a jednocześnie nadanie pozostałościom poprodukcyjnym drugiego życia, w ostatniej dekadzie wzrosło zainteresowanie ponownym wykorzystaniem i uszlachetnieniem ubocznych produktów żywnościowych pochodzących z przetwórstwa. Pozostałości z przemysłu owocowo-warzywnego, tj.: skórki, pestki, nasiona są dobrym źródłem białka, polisacharydów, błonnika, a przede wszystkim fitochemikaliów, które mają działanie przeciwutleniające i chronią ludzkie komórki przed uszkodzeniem oksydacyjnym. Wykorzystanie tak cennych pozostałości poprodukcyjnych umożliwia poprawę poziomu i warunków życia ludności, ogranicza stosowanie sztucznych dodatków (barwników i przeciwutleniaczy), eliminuje żywność wysoko przetworzoną, i co najważniejsze zwiększa produkcję wyrobów prozdrowotnych. Odpowiednio spreparowane pozostałości z owoców czy warzyw nadają się idealnie jako dodatki o właściwościach wzbogacających między innymi jogurty, makarony, ciastka, mięso i wyroby pochodzenia zwierzęcego.

EN

With the goal of reducing environmental impact while giving post-production waste a second life, interest in reusing and refining food by-products from processing has increased over the last decade. Residues from the fruit and vegetable industry, i.e. peels, pips and seeds, are agood source of protein, polysaccharides, fiber and, above all, phytochemicals that have an antioxidant effect and protect human cells against oxidative damage. The use of such valuable post-production residues makes it possible to improve the standard and living conditions of the population, limits the use of artificial additives (dyes and antioxidants), eliminates highly processed food, and most importantly increases the production of health-promoting products. Properly prepared fruit or vegetable remains are ideal as additives with enriching properties, including yogurts, pasta, cookies, meat and animal products.

9

Distribution and biogeochemical perspectives of nutrients in the Eastern Equatorial Indian Ocean

Paul Madhusudan, Sanyal Prasun, Mukherjee Rishmita, Gupta Vandana Kumari, Bakshi Sneha, Acharya Avanti, Bhattacharya Trishneeta, Chakraborty Kunal, Mukhopadhyay Sandip Kumar

Oceanologia

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2024

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No. 66 (2)

381--393

EN

The seasonal reversal of ocean circulation associated with seasonal change in the direction of prevailing winds and the occurrence of several anomalous events in the Eastern Equatorial Indian Ocean (EEIO) make this region dynamic and complex in terms of its biogeochemical characteristics. Two multidisciplinary cruises were conducted to measure nutrients and associated physicochemical parameters across the water column (up to 1000 m) of the EEIO during boreal summer and winter monsoons to understand the distribution of nutrients and their spatio-temporal variability from a biogeochemical perspective. The seasonality in the thermohaline structure of the region is indistinct except for surface salinity drop during summer monsoon due to more precipitation on-site and in adjoining areas. Low concentrations of chlorophyll at the surface and in the deep chlorophyll maxima represent the oligotrophic nature of this region. Surface water was found nutrient-depleted (0.03–0.4 µM Nitrate, 0.02–0.13 µM Phosphate). The maxima of vertical profiles of nitrate and phosphate were recorded at a shallower depth (150–200 m) when compared to its maxima in usual oceanic conditions, but a silicate maximum was recorded in deeper water. In the surface and upper mixed layer paucity of nutrients resulted in low N:P and N:Si ratios. Therefore, nitrogen limitation is evident. The overall ratio of N:P yielded a mean value of 15.33 and matched with the representative literature value for the Indian Ocean. The minimum oxygen values (<50 µM) in the deep water (150–200 m) indicated a hypoxic condition. No signature of denitrification and a moderate nitrate deficit were observed in deep waters. The negative values of Nitrate anomaly (N-tracer) at 50–100 m depth were attributed to a Watermass influenced by denitrification. The prevailing oligotrophic condition caused limited synthesis of organic matter and subsequently little decomposition in deep water. The maxima in the apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) profile are confined to 150 to 200 m depth and represent the most active zone for regeneration that is limited to shallow depth. Regenerated nutrients reached maxima at shallower depth and primarily control material cycling in this region. Supply of nitrate to the surface water based on the preformed values of prevailing water mass was primarily by Bay of Bengal water. According to the findings of this study, preformed nitrate concentrations between 100 and 200 metres below the surface were found very low, indicating that Indonesian Through Flow (ITF) has little impact on the distribution of nutrients in this area.

10

Release of selected nutrients from polymer-coated fertilisers in the soil environment

Włodarczyk Małgorzata, Siwek Hanna, Lubkowski Krzysztof, Buchwał Anna

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2024

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no. 62

201--211

EN

The aim of the study was to evaluate the release of NH4-N and PO4-P from polymer-coated fertilisers in the soil environment, and to analyse their impact on pH and conductivity of the soil leachates. In this investigation mineral NPK(S) 6-20-30(7) fertiliser (as a starting material), commercial, controlled-release OsmocoteTM fertiliser (as a reference material) and four polymer-coated fertilisers have been used. Biodegradable polybutylene(succinate-co-dilinoleate), polyethylene(succinate-co-terepftalate) and chitosan have been used as coating materials. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory conditions, in PVC columns filled with air-dry soil. The nutrients release from the investigated materials was explained based on the diffusion mechanism and it was interpreted with the use of the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. Two mechanisms dominate in the release process of nutrients: the mechanism based on quasi-Fickian diffusion and non-Fickian (anomalous case) mechanism. The largest changes of pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of soil leachates occurred in the initial period of research for all tested fertilisers (pH: 9.5-20.3% - loamy sand (S1) 7.9-20.6% – sandy loam (S2); EC: 438-1667% - S1, 771-1509% - S2). The polymer coating significantly reduces the nutrient release from the fertiliser core. The size of these changes depends on the type and thickness of the polymer layer and the physicochemical properties of the soils.

11

Utilization of Renewable Energy Waste (Wood Ash and Straw) in the Production of Mineral Fertilizers

Hurets Larisa, Izmodenova Tetyana, Vakal Viktoriia, Vakal Serhii, Malovanyy Myroslav

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 4

332--339

EN

The method of utilization of biomass ash in agriculture as an agrochemical is considered. Studies have shown that biomass ash contains a number of macro-and microelements essential for agriculture, such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur. Based on the content of the main chemical components and physical and chemical parameters of wood and plant ash, conclusions are drawn regarding its use. Wood ash with a high calcium content is suitable for agromelioration of soils with a low pH value. Ash from agricultural crop straw with a high calcium and potassium content is suitable for the production of potash fertilizers, and with a high potassium and phosphorus content–for the production of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

12

Standardizing the Wastewater Composition in Order to Minimize the Eutrophication Risk for the Reservoir

Proskurnin Oleg, Tsapko Natalia, Ivashchenko Taras, Vasilenko Sergey, Belokon Karina, Zakharchenko Nikolay, Yurchenko Anatolii, Teliura Natalia

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 6

144--152

EN

The article strives to determine the allowable content of nutrients in the wastewater that is being discharged into a reservoir, with the end goal of minimizing the risk of eutrophication. It was noted that the methodology currently used in Ukraine and most European countries to control pollutant discharge in wastewater is designed to simply not exceed the permissible pollution level in natural water based on sanitary indicators, which does not guarantee the absence of the eutrophication risk to the water bodies. The article describes a developed method for determining the allowable composition of wastewater based on biogenic indicators. The proposed method takes into account the consecutive transformation of nutrients, the probabilistic nature of the factors that determine the quality of water in water bodies, as well as the cost of purifying wastewater from various pollutants. The problem was considered for the case of wastewater discharge into a reservoir through a watercourse. This research is a practical scientific basis for further improving the methodology for standardization of the wastewater composition in order to protect water bodies from eutrophication.

13

Environmental Variables Significance for Ecological Status Assessment in the Bulgarian Eastern Continental Shallow Lakes

Doychev Dimitar, Gartsiyanova Kristina, Taneva Lidiya

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 10

16--30

EN

Eastern Continental shallow lakes are specific with their higher nutrient concentration compared to other lentic water bodies with similar specifications. Nonetheless, their phytoplankton and macrophyte assessment systems used more often than others within state monitoring programs, are weakly influenced by nutrient concentrations, unlike all other lake types in Europe. In this study, we used all available data for Eastern Continental shallow lakes on the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria from the state monitoring for 14 years (2008–2021). The goal was to find how environmental variables influence the ecological status assessment by phytoplankton and macrophyte-related indices. Likewise, it was important to understand the studied parameter’s interrelations within Dourankoulak Lake and the lake complex Shabla-Ezerets. The most important environmental parameters were determined with principal component analysis since it helps find the hidden relationships. Afterwards, those variables were used for univariate linear regression testing because of its simplicity and reliability. The aim was to find the best-suited parameters for the ecological status explanation by different biological indices, which can be used for further predictions of the ecosystem condition. In addition, nitrogen–phosphorus dependency, where possible was investigated, confirming conclusions from mesocosms studies from water bodies with similar characteristics. The algae group index or the so-called “Catalán Index”, in its original form of representing results and considering its ecological quality ratio values, was influenced by conductivity concentrations the most in Ezeretsko Lake and weaker at Dourankoulak Lake. Nutrient relationship with biological quality elements was not found, confirming results on a European level. In Shablensko Lake a dose-dependent relation between nitrates and phosphates was found, which shows that augmenting the quantity of nitrogen is related to the increasing concentration of phosphates.

14

Gospodarka wodno-ściekowa w gospodarce cyrkulacyjnej

Gromiec Marek

Gospodarka Wodna

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2024

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Nr 3

22--27

PL

Gospodarka cyrkulacyjna koncentruje się głównie na gospodarce odpadowej. Jednakże wraz z nowym paradygmatem dotyczącym odzysku na oczyszczalniach ścieków zasobów i energii, gdy stają się one coraz bardziej niedostępne, potencjał cyrkulacyjny niewątpliwie wzrośnie. Paradygmat gospodarki wodno-ściekowej ulega bardzo szybkim zmianom. W przeszłości bardzo ważnym celem była ochrona jakości wody. Obecnie akcent położony jest na realizację ochrony jakości wody przy najmniejszym koszcie społecznym. Paradygmat „N-E-W” kładzie nacisk na trzy kluczowe zasoby: Nutrienty, Energię i Wodę związane ze ściekami i osadami ściekowymi.

EN

Circular economy focuses attention mainly on solid waste management. However, a new paradigm for recovery of resources and energy at wastewaters treatment plants, as vital resources have become increasingly scare, the potential for circularity will no doubt increase. The paradigm for water and wastewater management is changing very rapidly. In the past, one very important goal was protecting water quality. Presently, maintaining water quality protection at the least cost for society. The "N-E-W” paradigm focuses on recovery of three key resources: Nutrients, Energy, and Water present in wastewater and sludge.

15

Hydrochemical aspects of water exchange through the bottom of headwater stream in suburban zone on the example of the Malina watercourse in Zgierz (Central Poland)

Ziułkiewicz Maciej, Grulke Rafał

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2024

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Vol. 50, no. 3

231--251

EN

Among the many factors determining the quality of river waters, the influence of the hyporheic zone (HZ) is gaining in importance. Watercourses that exist in the higher parts of catchments are relatively steep and shallow, and the topography of their valleys activate hyporheic flow. The main goal of this work is to assess the impact of the HZ on the hydrochemical state of the head watercourse of the Malina in the suburbs of the city of Zgierz with the focus on biogenic compounds. The riverbed of this stream was researched across two distinct stretches: erosive and accumulative, which differ in the conditions for the hyporheic zone’s interaction with the riverbed. The nutrients are delivered to the stream mainly in the erosive stretch and are related to the inflow of nutrient-rich groundwater from the urbanised catchment. The pollutants transported down by the stream are then delivered to the HZ in the accumulative stretch, where nitrates are denitrified and phosphates are deposited with the suspension. Ammonium nitrogen, in turn, is introduced into the stream from the HZ as a result of either the process of ammonification of organic matter deposited in sediments or inflow with polluted groundwater. The results indicate that the winter season is the most important period in shaping the interaction of river waters with the underlying hyporheic zone, in which the causal side of the relationship should be associated with the subchannel environment, and the effects are recorded in the river waters.

16

Potencjał eutrofizacyjny wód opadowych i ich wpływ na wzrost glonów słodkowodnych Desmodesmus subspicatus

Jędrzejczak Małgorzata, Kotaś Wojciech

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

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2024

|

Nr 9

10--16

PL

Zanieczyszczenia atmosferyczne przedostają się do wód powierzchniowych poprzez suchą i mokrą depozycję. Może to wpływać na znaczny wzrost eutrofizacji tych wód, co z kolei przyczynia się do zachwiania równowagi ekologicznej i prowadzi do pogorszenia jakości wody i degradacji zbiorników wodnych. Celem niniejszej pracy była analiza chemiczna wód opadowych z opadu bezpośredniego, a także wody spływającej po blachodachówce pod względem zawartości biodostępnych form pierwiastków biogennych - azotu i fosforu. Określono również odczyn i ilość zawiesin w próbkach wody, w zależności od liczby dni pogody suchej poprzedzających opad. Zbadano wpływ wód opadowych na tempo wzrostu glonów Desmodesmus subspicatus metodą wykorzystywaną w szacowaniu toksyczności substancji chemicznych wobec glonów słodkowodnych. Stwierdzono, że wody opadowe zawierają znaczne ilości biodostępnych form azotu i niewielkie ilości fosforanów. Zarówno wody opadu bezpośredniego, jak i spływy z dachu, działają stymulująco na wzrost hodowli glonów.

EN

Atmospheric pollutants enter surface waters through dry and wet deposition. This can significantly increase the eutrophication of these waters, which in turn contributes to ecological imbalance and leads to the deterioration of water quality and the degradation of water bodies. The aim of this study was to conduct a chemical analysis of rainwater as well as runoff from metal roofing tiles in terms of the content of bioavailable forms of nitrogen and phosphorus. The pH and the amount of suspended solids in the water samples depending on the number of dry weather days preceding the precipitation were also determined. The effect of rainwater on the growth rate of Desmodesmus subspicatus algae was investigated using a method commonly employed to estimate the toxicity of chemical substances on freshwater algae. It was found that rainwater contains significant amounts of bioavailable nitrogen forms and small amounts of phosphates. Both rainwater and roof runoff stimulate the growth of algae cultures.

17

Dynamic Modeling System of Cholorophyceae Abundance in Pen-Culture Ponds During the Dry Season

Mardiana Tri Yusufi, Ariadi Heri, Al Ramadhani Farchan Mushaf, Syakirin M. Bahrus, Linayati Linayati

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 8

47--56

EN

Chlorophyceae is a class of plankton commonly discovered in aquaculture ponds in tropical aquatic regions. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the abundance levels of Chlorophyceae in pen-culture ponds during the dry season using a dynamic modeling system. The method adopted was a causal ex-post facto design, and the observed parameters were water quality and plankton abundance. The results showed the presence of various plankton classes such as Chrysophyceae, Chyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Dynophyceae, and Oligotrichea, as well as the discovery of 17 plankton genera. Water quality parameters identified Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentrations, dissolved oxygen levels, temperature, pH levels, and salinity ranging from 3.06–7.37 mg·L-1, 4.39–6.30 mg·L-1, 26.21–31.17 °C, 7.7–8.1, and 10–25 ppt, respectively. The average plankton dominance index (D’) showed Chlorophyceae dominance at 4.55, followed by Chyanophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Dynophyceae, and Oligotrichea at 1.78, 0.08, 0.07, and 0.01, respectively, falling in the index category of 0.5 < D < 1. Furthermore, the average plankton abundance dominance level (pi) signified Chlorophyceae dominance at 7.11E-01, followed by Chyanophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Dynophyceae, and Oligotrichea at 4.68E-01, 1.30E-01, 8.05E-02, and 3.96–02, respectively. This implied that in pen-culture water, Chlorophyceae significantly dominated over other classes. Dynamic modeling results showed the abundance of Chlorophyceae in ponds A, C, and D to be relatively uniform (± 5.00E-02 cell/ ml) compared to pond B (± 0.10E-00 cell/ml). It was important to acknowledge that as Chlorophyceae dominance increased (0.10E-00–5.0E-02 cell/ml), the total plankton abundance in the water decreased contradictorily (0.01E00–100E-04 cell/ml) due to over-dominance. On the basis of the modeling description, Chlorophyceae sustained for 20 weeks during the culture period, with optimal growth observed from the 1st to the 5th week. In conclusion, this plankton class experienced dynamic fluctuations during the pen-culture cultivation period, and the life cycle stability was dependent on water quality and temperature.

18

Analysis of the impact of nutrients deposited from the land side on the waters of Puck Lagoon (Gdańsk Basin, Southern Baltic) : A model study

Dybowski Dawid, Dzierzbicka-Głowacka Lidia

Oceanologia

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2023

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No. 65 (2)

386--397

EN

The article analyzes the impact of nutrients (nitrates and phosphates) supplied from the land on the waters of the Puck Lagoon (Gdańsk Basin, southern Baltic). The study is based on the numerical modelling. The model data was verified by comparison with the in situ measurement data. The spatial and temporal variability of the concentrations of nitrate, phosphate, and chlorophyll a were analyzed. We came to the conclusion that the load of nutrients deposited from the land side to the waters of the Puck Lagoon is relatively small (but not negligible compared to the Vistula River). However, even when a little runoff enters the reservoir with a very limited water exchange, like the Puck Lagoon, there are periods when riverine nutrients load significantly affects the functioning of the ecosystem.

19

Hydrochemical conditions of three lakes located in the West Pomeranian region in the annual cycle

Tórz Agnieszka, Bonisławska Małgorzata, Nędzarek Arkadiusz, Rybczyk Agnieszka, Tański Adam

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 56

262--274

EN

The objective of the study was to trace the variability of the hydrochemical conditions in three lakes of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (Poland) - Starzyca, Maszewskie and Nowogardzkie in the annual cycle. The research was done in 2018-2019, and samples for analysis were collected 4 times a year. All analyses were performed applying standard methods. Such hydrochemical indices were determined as dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, content of orthophosphates, total phosphorus, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, chlorophyll a and iron. The study showed that all lakes in the research cycle were characterised by a polymictic type of water mixing, and the trophic level, based on the adopted criteria, indicated advanced eutrophy, which may also be caused by anthropogenic pressure. Oxygen conditions characterised by deoxidation of the waters in the bottom layer in the spring and summer seasons, and clear oxygenation in the surface water layer (in Lake Maszewskie reaching even 188.5% in the spring) confirm the significant advancement of the eutrophication process. The supply of phosphorus and nitrogen in spring from pelagic waters in the waters of the examined lakes influences concentrations of chlorophyll a in the summer. The influence of “internal supply” (bottom waters and bottom sediments) on the amount of nutrients available for autotrophs is clearly visible in the analysed lakes - an increase in nitrogen and mineral phosphorus concentrations in relation to surface waters was observed in the bottom layer.

20

Study the Effectiveness of the Natural Lagoons for Removal of Organic Matter, Nutrients and Fecal Coliform from Urban Domestic Wastewater under Arid Climate (Morocco)

Osmane Ahmed, Zidan Khadija, Benaddi Rabia, Sebah Imane, Elmouraille Nadia, Ait Ali Mustapha, Belmouden Moustapha

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 2

196--207

EN

Morocco is one of the countries most affected by the scarcity of water resources and the poor distribution of rainfall. Natural lagoon is the most widely used treatment process in Morocco. Indeed, Morocco is a sunny country throughout the year. The lagoon system requires minimal effort in operation and maintenance. Moreover, this system is the best process for removing bacteria indicators. For these reasons, a study of the purification performance of natural lagoons during five years, located in Chichaoua region (Morocco) was carried out. The lagoon system was monitored for five years, with measurements taken every three months at the input and output of the system. It received a hydraulic loading rate (HLR) between 1171 and 2760 m3 with an average of 2053 m3/day. The obtained results show the removal of 37% of TSS, 63% of BOD5, 60% of COD, 61% of NH4+, 37% of TP, and 6.5 log units of coliforms during the mentioned monitoring period. Thus, the effluent values do not always comply with the Moroccan water quality requirement for irrigation reuse. Additionally, the statistical analyses confirm the presence of a strong linear correlation between almost all variables in the lagoon output. Therefore, the performance efficiency of the lagoon in removing organic matter and nutrients was significantly (p < 0.05) dependent on the season. However, the fecal contamination was not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the seasons in this study. At the end of this study a complementary treatment before the reuse of treated wastewater, was proposed.