In this paper, a new multiple fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing system based on active mode-locking fiber laser is proposed. The active mode-locking fiber laser is composed of a linear cavity with an Fabry–Perot laser diode (F-P LD) as a reflective cavity mirror, and the erbium-doped fiber as the gain medium. Meanwhile, the F-P LD is also used as the modulating element of the fiber laser. Multiple FBGs cascaded in a long fiber are used as both the sensors in the system and the components for wavelength selection in the active mode-locking fiber laser. The capacity of the proposed sensing system to interrogate multiple FBGs in wavelength and spatial domain is investigated. The proposed sensing system has the characteristics of low cost, good stability, good compatibility, and can be used in quasi-distributed multi-point sensing.
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Citrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis, a traditional Chinese herb, has extensive medicinal and edible effects. 3′,4′,5,6,7,8-Hexamethoxyflavone (HM) and 5,6,7,8,4′-pentamethoxyflavone (PM) are main bioactive compounds in Chachiensis, which have been reported to possess various biological properties. In this study, supercritical CO2 extraction (SCE) and high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) were utilized to prepare HM and PM from Chachiensis. The contents of target compounds were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography method with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD), which was validated using the following parameters: linearity, sensitivity, repeatability, stability, precision and accuracy. The SCE conditions were optimized using response surface methodology with central composite design. Obtained optimum conditions were temperature of 37.9 °C, pressure of 26.3 MPa, and modifier volume of 81.0 mL. Under above conditions, the recoveries of target compounds were 92.52 ± 0.83 and 96.36 ± 0.43%, respectively. The most appropriate solvent system for HSCCC was selected as n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (1:0.8:1:1.2, v/v). The HSCCC fractions were detected by HPLC-DAD, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR). The results indicated that this method was successfully applied to obtain HM and PM with high purities and high recoveries from Chachiensis.
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