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New Cartridge Design for Assault Rifle

Lisý Peter, Daniel Martin

Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa

2020

Vol. 11, Nr 2 (40)

9--24

The article deals with the possible design of a new cartridge for an automatic assault rifle. This hypothetical design is based on the analysis of five automatic assault rifle cartridges which are currently used in armies: 7.62×51 mm NATO, 7.62×39 mm M. 43, 5.56×45 mm NATO and also another two cartridges which are under testing both 6.8×43 mm Rem. SPC and 6.5×38 mm Grendel. The analysis of a new cartridge including internal ballistics, external ballistics, and terminal ballistics energy disposed to the target upon an impact is introduced in the article. The goal was to create a cartridge that would have better ballistic performance than 5.56×45 mm NATO and it would still possess enough accuracy of fire and speed, so that it could dispose at least minimal kinetic energy necessary to incapacitate individuals. Also it is important to maintain the constancy of this effect for the long distance shooting, somewhere around 500 m, during battles in an open area (effective range of 5.56×45 mm automatic assault rifles is normally of about 300 m what only suffices in close quarter battles). To achieve it, the bullet must have the higher sectional density than the 5.56×45 mm cartridge. The sectional density reflects the capability of bullet to penetrate through the human tissue within the requirements of wound ballistics. Based on the analysis, the value of sectional density should be approximately of 0.21 g/mm2. The function of fully automatic firing depends on the size of the recoil energy of a weapon which is also related to the muzzle energy that cannot surpass the amount of 2 500 J. The new cartridge design is based on the 6 mm Scenar bullet (FMJ - Full Metal Jacket bullet with a weight of 5.8 g) made by the Lapua Company. All the ballistic parameters must be within the intervals of strength and construction possibilities of small arms ammunition. To create a possible variation of the mentioned cartridge where its bullet will be powered by a nitrocellulose propellant (originally made in Czech Republic) and a new cartridge case will be created.

Badania gabarytowo-masowe oraz parametrów spustu karabinków automatycznych kalibru 5,56 mm

Kijewski J., Pac M., Szmit Ł., Woźniak R.

Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia

2018

R. 47, z. 145

65--82

W artykule przedstawiono całościowe wyniki badań gabarytowych, masowych oraz siły i drogi spustu karabinków automatycznych kalibru 5,56 mm, różnych producentów, zbudowanych w różnych układach konstrukcyjnych oraz zawierających różne rozwiązania głównych zespołów i mechanizmów. Karabinki te zostały pozyskane przez Instytut Techniki Uzbrojenia (ITU) Wydziału Mechatroniki i Lotnictwa (WML) Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej (WAT), m.in. w ramach projektu rozwojowego nr O ROB 0034 03 001 RAWAT pt. „Opracowanie, wykonanie oraz badania konstrukcyjno-technologiczne Modułowego Systemu Broni Strzeleckiej kalibru 5,56 mm (MSBS-5,56)”, realizowanego przez ITU WML WAT i Fabrykę Broni „Łucznik”-Radom Sp. z o.o. (FB Radom). Porównano gabaryty oraz masy zespołów i mechanizmów występujących w wybranych karabinkach MSBS-5,56 (wyprodukowanych przez FB Radom) i karabinkach innych producentów, a także ich parametry spustu. Wyniki powyższych badań są wykorzystywane w procesie optymalizacji konstrukcji wszystkich wersji broni wchodzącej w skład Modułowego Systemu Broni Strzeleckiej kalibru 5,56 mm.

The paper presents aggregated results of investigations on the force and displacement of trigger, and overall dimensions and masses for 5.56 mm automatic rifles made by different manufacturers at different structural layouts and including different solutions of main units and mechanisms. The rifles were acquired by the Institute of Armament Technology (IAT) of Faculty of Mechatronics and Aerospace (FMA) at the Military University of Technology (MUT) mainly in the frame of the development project nr O ROB 0034 03 001 RAWAT „Development, Fabrication and Structural-technological Tests of 5.56 mm Small Arms Modular System (MSBS-5.56)” conducted by the MUT FMA IAT and Armament Factory „Łucznik”-Radom Sp. z o.o (FB Radom). The parameters of triggers and overall sizes and masses of units and mechanisms of selected MSBS-5.56 rifles (manufactured by FB Radom) and other manufacturers were compared. Results of the above investigations are used at optimisation of designs of all versions of guns included in 5.56 mm Small Arms Modular System family.