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1

Enhanced maximum power point tracking in standalone photovoltaic systems using a hybrid FNN–PSO optimized fractional order PI controller

Benfatma Hadjer, Khouidm Houari, Boubaker Bessedik

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2025

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R. 101, nr 7

143--150

EN

This paper presents an enhanced Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy for standalone photovoltaic (PV) sys tems by integrating a Feedforward Neural Network (FNN), a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and a Fractional Order Proportional ‑Integral (FOPI) controller. The FNN is trained to predict the optimal operating voltage based on real-time environmen tal inputs such as irradiance and temperature, while the PSO dynamically optimizes the parameters of the FOPI controller to ensure accurate and robust tracking of the maximum power point. The system is modelled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink, and its performance is evaluated under both steady and variable irradiance conditions. Compared to the conventional Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm, the proposed hybrid approach exhibits superior tracking speed, reduced power oscillations, and improved energy harvesting efficiency. The obtained results underscore the potential of the proposed method for intelligent energy management in standalone PV systems.

PL

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono ulepszoną strategię śledzenia maksymalnego punktu mocy (MPPT) dla auto nomicznych systemów fotowoltaicznych (PV) poprzez integrację sieci neuronowej typu Feedforward (FNN), algorytmu optymalizacji rojem cząstek (PSO) oraz regulatora całkująco ‑proporcjonalnego rzędu ułamkowego (FOPI). Sieć FNN jest trenowana w celu prze widywania optymalnego napięcia pracy na podstawie rzeczywistych danych środowiskowych, takich jak nasłonecznienie i tempera tura, podczas gdy algorytm PSO dynamicznie optymalizuje parametry regulatora FOPI, aby zapewnić dokładne i odporne śledzenie maksymalnego punktu mocy. System został zamodelowany i zasymulowany w środowisku MATLAB/Simulink, a jego wydajność oceniono zarówno w warunkach ustalonych, jak i zmiennego nasłonecznienia. W porównaniu z konwencjonalnym algorytmem Per turb and Observe (P&O), proponowane hybrydowe podejście cechuje się wyższą szybkością śledzenia, mniejszymi oscylacjami mocy oraz lepszą efektywnością pozyskiwania energii. Uzyskane wyniki podkreślają potencjał proponowanej metody w zakresie inteligent nego zarządzania energią w autonomicznych systemach PV.

2

Renewable energy conversion and energy storage systems—summary of the special section

Bizhani Hamed, Iwanski Grzegorz, Noroozian Reza

Power Electronics and Drives

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2025

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Vol. 10 (45)

508--511

EN

This short editorial provides a summary of the Special Section on Renewable Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Systems, published across the 2024–2025 issues of Power Electronics and Drives. The Section gathers ten research contributions addressing key challenges related to renewable energy integration, including maximum power point tracking, photovoltaic (PV) model optimisation, converter design and hybrid energy management strategies. Collectively, these works highlight significant progress in improving the efficiency, stability and reliability of renewable energy conversion and storage technologies.

3

A novel MPPT algorithm based on MRAC-FUZZY controller for solar photovoltaic systems

Mahbouba Brahmi, Afef Marai, Hichem Hamdi, Chiheb Ben Regaya, Abderrahmen Zaafouri

Power Electronics and Drives

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2025

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Vol. 10 (45)

140--156

EN

A novel and extremely effective fuzzy Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) based on Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) with a boost converter is presented in this study. It goes into detail on the adaptive gain selection procedure and MRAC design. The paper proposes a simplified fuzzy MRAC process and describes the adaptation gains adjustment using a Fuzzy Logic (FL) subsystem. To test the durability and flexibility of the suggested approach, extensive simulations in MATLAB/Simulink are conducted, considering a variety of scenarios and environmental variables. Findings demonstrate the extreme robustness of the MRAC-Fuzzy MPPT control, with up to 99.98% tracking efficiency. It also keeps the photovoltaic systems operating at or near the Maximum Power Point (MPP), effectively reducing oscillations, improving energy efficiency, and boosting power production.

4

Modern methods of maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic systems: classification, comparison, and application under partial shading conditions

Mroczka Janusz, Kaczmarek Kinga

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2025

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Vol. 32, nr 3

art. no. 5, 1--18

EN

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is essential for optimising the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Selecting the appropriate MPPT algorithm allows for better utilisation of solar energy. Under Partial Shading Conditions (PSC), the power-voltage (P-V) curve becomes nonlinear, leading to multiple Local Maximum Power Points (LMPP), which complicates the identification of the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) and reduces system efficiency. This paper reviews and classifies MPPT methods into four categories: classical, metaheuristic, AI-based, and hybrid. These approaches are compared in terms of tracking accuracy, speed, adaptability to changing conditions, and robustness. Special focus is placed on methods that maintain performance under PSC, minimising energy losses and improving system stability. The goal is to highlight the strengths and limitations of each method and suggest directions for further optimisation to enhance the reliability and overall efficiency of PV systems in real-world conditions.

5

Renewable energy integration: design of an energy management system using battery control

Sharma Akanksha, Singh H.P, Viral R.K, Anwer Nagui

Journal of Power Technologies

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2025

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Vol. 105, nr 2

145--167

EN

In today's modern world, energy system is the most important framework and a new energy revolution is evolving on a global platform for maintaining a reliable and sustainable energy supply. Integration of energy sources is one of the biggest challenges and also the biggest opportunity in this revolution. This challenge is due to the differences of various Renewable energy sources (RESs) based on the availability, weather conditions and many other factors. In this paper, modelling and control of a Solar/Wind/Small Hydro/Battery integrated system have been presented. All the systems have been integrated to form a DC-AC Integrated Renewable Energy System (IRES) to increase the system effectiveness. For coupling the AC and DC bus, bidirectional Converter is used and whole system has been attached to the control system designed for the battery, designed and developed with an objective to provide an uninterrupted power supply, reduce human errors, improve the power quality and lead to cost saving. The proposed system here presents the power-control strategies for grid-connected solar, wind and hydropower system providing resourceful power transfer. The system also acknowledges the maximum utilization of easily available RESs like photovoltaic energies. We have included battery storage system with fuzzy controller. The main work of the controller is the collection of data for the different RESs and schedule the power required by the load. The controller controls charging and discharging phenomenon of battery. The analysis and modeling have been done using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The validation for the proposed work is done by comparing the results to that of a PID controller-based battery control showing that fuzzy logic gives far better results in terms of all the aspects.

6

Performance comparison of classical and fuzzy logic MPPT techniques under sudden irradiation variations and their hardware implementation

Boutaybi Mohammed, Khlifi Yamina, Elhafyani Mohamed Larbi

Diagnostyka

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2025

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Vol. 26, No. 3

art. no. 2025312

EN

This study presents the simulation and experimental implementation of two distinct categories of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms aimed at optimizing the performance of Photovoltaic (PV) systems. The first category involves advanced Fuzzy Logic-based MPPT controllers, specifically FL-Mamdani and FLTakagi Sugeno (FL-TS) models. These controllers utilize two input parameters: the gradient of the powercurrent curve and its variation, offering an alternative to conventional methods that depend on the gradient of the power voltage curve and its change. The second category consists of classical MPPT algorithms, including Incremental Conductance (IC) and Perturb and Observe (P&O). The experimental setup comprises a PV system with a TDC-P50-42 solar panel powering a resistive load through a boost converter. The converter’s Mosfet is controlled via a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal generated by the MPPT controller. The algorithms were first simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and then implemented in real-time using an Arduino board supported by the Simulink hardware package for Arduino. Experimental results confirm the proper functioning of the proposed PV system. Among the tested techniques, the FL-TS fuzzy logic controller demonstrated superior performance and reliability, validating its practical applicability in real-world PV applications.

7

A novel crow search algorithm-based maximum power point tracking method for wind energy conversion systems

Smida Mouna Ben, Sakly Anis

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2025

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Vol. 19, no. 9

189--202

EN

This study presents an intelligent Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategy for variable-speed wind turbine generators, based on the Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) to maximize power generation under wind fluctuations. The proposed CSA-based MPPT method is designed to improve the dynamic response and efficiency of wind energy conversion systems by effectively tracking the optimal operating point. The performance of the CSA-based approach is compared with a conventional torque regulation method, evaluating key metrics such as convergence speed and robustness under turbulent wind conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that the CSA-based MPPT controller outperforms the conventional method, achieving faster convergence to the maximum power point, reduced power oscillations, and improved energy capture efficiency. The results highlight the potential of bio-inspired algorithms like CSA in advancing MPPT control for renewable energy systems, offering a promising alternative to traditional methods for enhancing the performance and reliability of wind turbine generators.

8

Sliding mode based PSO MPPT for solar PV system

Youcef Halali, Touhami Ghaitaoui, Omar Ouledali, Essama Ghaitaoui Ahmed, Slimane Laribi

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2024

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R. 100, nr 1

86--90

EN

This paper presents a novel Sliding Mode based Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm for Solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed algorithm aims to optimize the power output of the PV system by continuously tracking and maintaining the maximum power point (MPP) under varying environmental conditions. the proposed algorithm shows superior robustness against variations in solar radiation and temperature, making it suitable for real-world applications. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through comparative analysis with other existing MPPT techniques, validating its superiority in achieving optimal power generation for Solar PV systems.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono nowy algorytm śledzenia maksymalnego punktu mocy (MPPT) oparty na trybie przesuwania dla systemów fotowoltaicznych (PV). Proponowany algorytm ma na celu optymalizację mocy wyjściowej systemu fotowoltaicznego poprzez ciągłe śledzenie i utrzymywanie punktu maksymalnej mocy (MPP) w różnych warunkach środowiskowych. proponowany algorytm wykazuje doskonałą odporność na zmiany promieniowania słonecznego i temperatury, dzięki czemu nadaje się do zastosowań w świecie rzeczywistym. Skuteczność algorytmu jest weryfikowana poprzez analizę porównawczą z innymi istniejącymi technikami MPPT, potwierdzającą jego wyższość w osiąganiu optymalnego wytwarzania energii dla systemów fotowoltaicznych.

9

Recommendation for a structure and fuzzy logic control of a common storage system between autonomous photovoltaic systems

Boukerche Ali, Lekhchine Salima, Bahi Tahar

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2024

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R. 100, nr 6

257--263

EN

At present, energy saving and renewable energies represent one of the most important axes of sientific research. One of these renewable energies is solar energy, which has two aspects: solar thermic and solar photovoltaic; this energy is highly coveted due to its availability, but the cost of this energy remains very high, specially for autonomous installations where there are storage batteries. the aim of this work is to minimise the invisible cost of storage and to promote energy saving using a connected network energy management system controlled by fuzzy logic.. There are several types of storage batteries, including batteries that are less expensive in terms of storage capacity and price (Wh/Price), such as OPZS batteries, but they cannot be used for a single consumer because their capacity is very large. In our work, we propose a collective storage structure between multiple variable loads, and each load is equipped with a photovoltaic generator that supplies the same storage bus. Fuzzy logic is used to collect information on the behaviour of loads, in other words the consumers, their compliance with the consumption instructions set in advance, as well as the degree of contribution to recharging the collective storage bus. Using mathlab simulink, we have performed a simulation of the proposed system. The result is that the program classifies the consumers and gives them a quantity of energy from the storage bus according to their class, a quantity that can be estimated using fuzzy logic. This approach can be used in a number of different ways, either by the electricity network distributors by installing collective storage buses in each utility, with multiple benefits such as the use of the storage bus as a back-up source in the event of a network failure to ensure continuity of service, energy savings, because consumers will try to save as much energy as possible in order to have a good rating and benefit from more energy in unfavourable weather conditions. It will also enable the electricity distributor to have a more smart and better-controlled grid, because consumers will respect hourly power consumption thresholds to have a better rating at all times instead of varying consumption rates on an hourly basis, as many suppliers do, to avoid consumption peaks that cause problems on the electricity network, such as voltage drops. Or co-location in a collective storage bus for off-grid installations to minimise the investment cost of the storage bus and be more respectful of the environment.

PL

Obecnie oszczędzanie energii i odnawialne źródła energii stanowią jedną z najważniejszych osi badań naukowych. Jedną z tych odnawialnych energii jest energia słoneczna, która ma dwa aspekty: słoneczną energię cieplną i słoneczną energię fotowoltaiczną; energia ta jest bardzo pożądana ze względu na jej dostępność, ale koszt tej energii pozostaje bardzo wysoki, szczególnie w przypadku autonomicznych instalacji, w których znajdują się akumulatory. Celem tej pracy jest zminimalizowanie niewidocznych kosztów magazynowania i promowanie oszczędzania energii przy użyciu połączonego sieciowego systemu zarządzania energią kontrolowanego przez logikę rozmytą. Istnieje kilka rodzajów akumulatorów, w tym akumulatory, które są tańsze pod względem pojemności i ceny (Wh / Cena), takie jak akumulatory OPZS, ale nie można ich używać dla pojedynczego konsumenta, ponieważ ich pojemność jest bardzo duża. W naszej pracy proponujemy zbiorczą strukturę magazynowania między wieloma zmiennymi obciążeniami, a każde obciążenie jest wyposażone w generator fotowoltaiczny, który zasila tę samą magistralę magazynową. Logika rozmyta jest wykorzystywana do zbierania informacji na temat zachowania obciążeń, innymi słowy konsumentów, ich zgodności z instrukcjami zużycia ustalonymi z wyprzedzeniem, a także stopnia wkładu w ładowanie zbiorczej magistrali magazynowej. Korzystając z programu Mathlab Simulink, przeprowadziliśmy symulację proponowanego systemu. W rezultacie program klasyfikuje konsumentów i daje im ilość energii z magistrali magazynowej zgodnie z ich klasą, ilość, którą można oszacować.

10

MPPT of PEM fuel cell using DC-DC boost converter based on SVM

Agwa Ahmed M., Alruwaili Mohammed

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2024

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R. 100, nr 11

53--58

EN

Detrimental environmental influences and restricted quantities of conventional energies impose the employment of renewable energies (REs). Regrettably, REs for instance wind and solar energies are sporadic, therefore they have to be stored in different forms for employment throughout their absenteeism. For that purpose, REs can be stored excellently through generation of hydrogen using electrolyzer throughout abundance, then generation of electricity using fuel cell (FC) throughout their absenteeism. Concerning the merits of the proton exchange membrane FC (PEMFC), it is recommended more than different types of FCs. The PEMFC power lacks constancy, as it relies on pressure of hydrogen, temperature, and loading. Hence, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique have to be employed with PEMFC. The procedures formerly employed possess some demerits, for instance delay of reaction, immensity of oscillation, and hugeness of overshoot and undershoot, accordingly this research addresses a PEMFC MPPT based on support vector machine (SVM). Simulation findings of employing the SVM for PEMFC MPPT expose its merits over other techniques in terms of equilibrium among speediness of reaction, tininess of oscillations, and smallness of overshoot and undershoot.

PL

Niekorzystne wpływy środowiskowe i ograniczone ilości konwencjonalnych energii wymuszają wykorzystanie odnawialnych źródeł energii (RE). Niestety, RE, na przykład energia wiatrowa i słoneczna, są sporadyczne, dlatego muszą być przechowywane w różnych formach do wykorzystania w czasie nieobecności. W tym celu RE mogą być doskonale przechowywane poprzez wytwarzanie wodoru za pomocą elektrolizera w obfitości, a następnie wytwarzanie energii elektrycznej za pomocą ogniwa paliwowego (FC) w czasie nieobecności. Jeśli chodzi o zalety membrany wymiany protonów FC (PEMFC), jest ona bardziej zalecana niż inne typy FC. Moc PEMFC nie jest stała, ponieważ opiera się na ciśnieniu wodoru, temperaturze i obciążeniu. Dlatego też w przypadku PEMFC należy zastosować technikę śledzenia maksymalnego punktu mocy (MPPT). Wcześniej stosowane procedury mają pewne wady, na przykład opóźnienie reakcji, ogrom oscylacji i ogrom przekroczenia i niedoregulowania, dlatego też niniejsze badania dotyczą MPPT PEMFC opartego na maszynie wektorów nośnych (SVM). Wyniki symulacji wykorzystującej SVM do pomiaru MPPT PEMFC ujawniają jej zalety w porównaniu z innymi technikami w zakresie równowagi między szybkością reakcji, niewielkimi oscylacjami oraz niewielkimi przekroczeniami i niedoregulowaniami.

11

A robust controller based on Backstepping-ADRC for WRSG based wind turbine

Aoudjeregba Hamid, Tahour Ahmed

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2024

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R. 100, nr 3

176--183

EN

In this paper, our objective consists to optimize the energy produced by the wind turbines system (WTSs) equipped on Wonder rotor synchronous generator (WRSG) this machine practical in variables speed system. In the first place, we considered using vector control based on PI type regulator; this control resists less to parametric variations and external disturbances of the machine. To remediate this problem we passed to study and designed two driving systems the first is to give pulses to the PWM-Rectifier connected to the generator side by applied backstepping controller based in Lyapunov laws. And the second system is to give pulses to the PWM-Inverter connected to the grid side by applied a novel robust control approach know as on the Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (ADRC) founded on the supervisor of disturbance by using Extended State Observer(ESO). The simulation outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, particularly in terms of the power quality delivered.

PL

W niniejszym artykule naszym celem jest optymalizacja energii wytwarzanej przez system turbin wiatrowych (WTS) wyposażonych w generator synchroniczny Wonder rotor (WRSG), który jest praktyczną maszyną w systemie zmiennej prędkości. W pierwszej kolejności rozważaliśmy zastosowanie sterowania wektorowego opartego na regulatorze typu PI; ta kontrola jest mniej odporna na zmiany parametryczne i zewnętrzne zakłócenia maszyny. Aby zaradzić temu problemowi, przeszliśmy do badań i zaprojektowaliśmy dwa układy napędowe. Pierwszym z nich jest podawanie impulsów do prostownika PWM podłączonego do strony generatora za pomocą zastosowanego regulatora krokowego opartego na prawach Lapunowa. Drugi system polega na przekazywaniu impulsów do falownika PWM podłączonego do sieci poprzez zastosowanie nowatorskiego, solidnego podejścia do sterowania, znanego jako Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (ADRC), opartego na nadzorcy zakłóceń za pomocą Extended State Observer (ESO).Wyniki symulacji pokazują skuteczność proponowanej metody, szczególnie w zakresie jakości dostarczanej energii.

12

Real-Time Implementation of a Hybrid ESC Approach for Maximising the Extracted Photovoltaic Power Under Partial Shading Conditions

Menadi Abdelkrim, Boukahil Fatima Zohra, Betka Achour

Power Electronics and Drives

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2024

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Vol. 9 (44)

191--204

EN

Solar energy, an available and renewable resource, can be efficiently transformed into electrical energy through the use of photovoltaic (PV) cells. The primary emphasis lies in the significance of maximising power output for economic considerations. In terms of optimising power generation, the implementation of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques is imperative. A range of approaches, such as super twisting (ST) control and modified extremum seeking control (ESC-mod), are explored for their potential in enhancing the efficiency of power-generation systems. The novelty is a combination of these methods; the modified ESC has the role of finding the optimum voltage value of the global maximum power point (MPP) during the partial shading, while the super-twisting improves the performance of the system. The efficacy of the MPPT algorithm is assessed across diverse conditions, encompassing scenarios with load variations and fluctuating irradiances (uniform and non-uniform). The experimental setup involves essential components such as a PV generator, a boost converter and a resistive load. This comprehensive testing aims to evaluate the algorithm’s performance under varying circumstances, providing insights into its adaptability and effectiveness across different operational conditions. The system is modelled, simulated using Matlab–Simulink and implemented using a dSPACE 1104 card. Simulation results indicate that ST control is faster in reaching the permanent regime, but ESC-mod provides smoother performance in the permanent regime. The integration of both ST control and ESC-mod methods proves advantageous by diminishing the response time in the seeking process while concurrently ensuring a consistent and smooth operation in the permanent regime. This combined approach has undergone practical implementation and testing across diverse conditions, encompassing both optimal, healthy states and shaded environments. The results affirm the method’s ability to deliver efficient and stable performance across a spectrum of operating conditions.

13

Improving the Performance of Hybrid SystemBased Renewable Energy by Artificial Intelligence

Kechida Abdelhak, Gozim Djamal, Toual Belgacem

Power Electronics and Drives

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2024

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Vol. 9 (44)

397--411

EN

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a critical indicator of technological progress in recent years. The present study uses AI to enhance the efficiency of a hybrid system that operates on renewable energy sources. The hybrid system we propose consists of a wind energy conversion system (WECS), a photovoltaic system (PVS), a battery storage system (BSS) and electronic power converters. AI manages these converters cleverly. We use the maximum power point tracking (MPPT)-based fuzzy logic controller (FLC) to regulate the boost converter in the PVS and the WECS. We propose an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)-based controller to control the bidirectional converter of the storage system. The design of this module intends to maintain voltage stability on the direct current (DC) bus and improve energy quality. We study and simulate this system using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results of this research show that the FLC-MPPT technique outperforms the Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm in terms of efficiency in power production. The console we propose also shows good results in maintaining the voltage stability in the DC bus in comparison with the proportional integral (PI) controller. This paper has the potential to contribute to the development of environmentally friendly resource performance.

14

A Comparative Study of PSO, GWO, and HOA Algorithms for Maximum Power Point Tracking in Partially Shaded Photovoltaic Systems

Bettahar Fares, Abdeddaim Sabrina, Betka Achour, Omar Charrouf

Power Electronics and Drives

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2024

|

Vol. 9 (44)

86--105

EN

Solar energy harnessed through photovoltaic technology plays a crucial role in generating electrical energy. Maximising the power output of solar modules requires optimal solar radiation. However, challenges arise due to obstacles such as stationary objects, buildings, and sand-laden winds, resulting in multiple points of maximum power on the P–V curve. This problem requires the use of maximum power point tracking algorithms, especially in unstable climatic conditions and partial shading scenarios. In this study, we propose a comparative analysis of three MPPT methods: particle swarm optimisation (PSO), grey wolf optimisation (GWO) and Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA) under dynamic partial shading conditions. We evaluate the accuracy of these methods using Matlab/Simulink simulations. The results show that all three methods solve partial shading problems effectively and with high precision. Furthermore, the Horse Herd Optimization approach has superior tracking accuracy and faster convergence compared with the other proposed methods.

15

Comparison of MPPT optimization methods for P&O and PSO solar panels to overcome partial shading

Simanjuntak Imelda Uli Vistalina, Haidi Junas, Putra Ricky Fajar Ade, Medriavin Lukman

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2024

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Vol. 70, No. 4

1023-1029

EN

Solar panels in enclosed areas are prone to suboptimal absorption of sunlight due to unstable sunshine. Two methods to optimize solar panel efficiency are available: dynamic and static. The dynamic method involves moving the panels towards the sun to maximize solar irradiation, while the static method uses a power converter to find the maximum power point. This research evaluates the performance of the MPPT system, which uses the P&O method with PSO, on solar panels. The objective is to determine the most appropriate MPPT algorithm to optimize the efficiency of solar panels. The MPPT system's efficiency is tested under partial shading conditions of 100 w/m2, 300 w/m2, and 500 w/m2. The system's output is evaluated based on the highest efficiency parameter value. The efficiency of the P&O and PSO methods is compared, and the most optimal efficiency is determined. The MPPT system is designed to measure parameters that are demonstrated qualitatively.

16

A new improved of incorporating photovoltaic energy into the production of green hydrogen

Benchenina Yacine, Zemmit Abderrahim, Bouzaki Mohammed Moustafa, Belhouchet Khaled

Diagnostyka

|

2024

|

Vol. 25, No. 2

art. no. 2024210

EN

The integration of renewable energies, particularly photovoltaic energy, into green hydrogen production presents a highly promising prospect in the energy sector. Nonetheless, these energy sources face challenges due to their inherent instability and susceptibility to various atmospheric factors such as temperature and illumination. Therefore, it's imperative to tackle these challenges before renewable energy can be widely adopted as a primary source in hydrogen production. To address this, we propose constructing an autonomous photovoltaic system using MATLAB software. This system will employ a DC-DC boost converter to connect the PV array to the load. Furthermore, to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, we will implement the perturbation and observation maximum power point tracking (MPPT) approach. The research endeavor extends towards integrating this optimized system with an electrolysers developed a sophisticated electrolyte model utilizing MATLAB Simulink software, paving the way for hydrogen gas production.

17

A comparative study of virtual synchronous generator and sinusoidal pulse width modulation in a wind highpower conversion chain

El Maataoui Wijdane, El Daoudi Soukaina, Abounada Abdelouahed, Mabrouki Mustapha

Archives of Electrical Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 73, nr 4

961--976

EN

The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) and sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) are two prominent control strategies that have attracted particular interest recently. In this paper, we compare these two inverter control strategies in a 5MW wind power conversion chain. The studied conversion chain includes a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, the power converters, namely the uncontrolled rectifier, and a two-stage inverter connected to the grid via an LCL filter. Our study of the two control methods shows that both strategies reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) while respecting the grid connection conditions. The simulation results manifest that the VSG strategy has a better THD reduction of 0.99 % which is improved compared to the SPWM with a THD of 1.33%.

18

Solarne słupy oświetleniowe z innowacyjnym systemem zasilania fotowoltaicznego

Woźniak Adam

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2023

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R. 91, nr 12

19--20

PL

Solarne słupy oświetleniowe pracujące w trybie off-grid są interesującym, a w niektórych sytuacjach wręcz jedynym rozwiązaniem, gdy nie ma możliwości lub jest nieopłacalne doprowadzenie instalacji elektrycznej, dostępnym na rynku do: oświetlania ulic, chodników, parków. Znaczącym problemem jest zapewnienie stabilnej pracy solarnego słupa oświetleniowego. W artykule zaprezentowano analizę doboru komponentów do produktu SAL PV firmy ROSA.

EN

Solar lighting poles operating in off-grid mode are an interesting and in some situations even the only, solution, when it is not possible or unprofitable to provide an electrical installation, available on the market for lighting streets, sidewalks and parks. A significant problem is ensuring stable operation of the solar lighting pole. The following article presents an analysis of the selection of components for the SAL PV product from ROSA.

19

Maximum power point tracking for wind turbine with nonlinear direct powers control of DFIG integrated to grid using VOC

Loucif Mourad, Mechernene Abdelkader

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 4

77--83

EN

This paper is aimed to describe a wind energy conversion system, including a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), a bidirectional converter in the rotor circuit the DFIG is able to work as a generator in both sub-synchronous and super-synchronous modes. The topology of a DFIG, stator is connected direct to the grid while the rotor is connected to grid with back to back converters. The wind turbine was controlled using a maximum power point tracking with linear PI regulator. The nonlinear backstepping controller is applied to the rotor side converter (RSC) for the independently control of active and reactive powers taking into consideration the full nonlinear model of the DFIG, we don’t neglecting small stator resistor and using voltage oriented control (VOC). The grid side converter (GSC) is controlled by using the oriented voltage control strategy. Also the DC link voltage control ensures the operation of unity power factor by making the reactive power zero. The obtained results are very satisfactory for this new kind of application.

PL

Niniejsza praca ma na celu opisanie systemu konwersji energii wiatru, w sklad którego wchodzi dwustronnie zasilany generator indukcyjny (DFIG), dwukierunkowy przekształtnik w obwodzie wirnika, który DFIG moze pracować jako generator zarówno w trybie podsynchronicznym, ´ jak i nadsynchronicznym. Topologia DFIG, stojan jest podłaczony bezposrednio do sieci, podczas gdy wirnik jest podłączony do sieci za pomocą konwerterów typu back-to-back. Turbina wiatrowa była sterowana za pomocą sledzenia punktu mocy maksymalnej z liniowym regulatorem PI. Nieliniowy ´ regulator krokowy zastosowano w przekształtniku po stronie wirnika (RSC) w celu niezależnego sterowania mocą czynna i bierna, biorąc pod uwagę pełny nieliniowy model DFIG, nie zaniedbując małego rezystora stojana i stosując sterowanie zorientowane na napięcie (VOC) . Konwerter po stronie sieci (GSC) jest sterowany za pomoca zorientowanej strategii sterowania napięciem. Również regulacja napięcia obwodu posredniego zapewnia ´ pracę z jednostkowym współczynnikiem mocy poprzez zerowanie mocy biernej. Uzyskane wyniki są bardzo zadowalające dla tego nowego rodzaju aplikacji.

20

Enhancing the solar pv plant based on incremental optimization algorithm

Hamoodi Ali N., Hamoodi Safwan A., Hameedi Farah I.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 10

182--184

EN

Photovoltaic systems are impacted by the quantity and temperature of sunshine. Due to the competing nature of solar radiation, PV systems operate inefficiently. A variety of maximum power point tracker (MPPT) approaches are utilized to increase the solar system's influence. Incremental optimization (IO), one of the more established MPPT algorithms, provides great steady-state productivity and tracking accuracy over a broad range of shifting atmospheric conditions. Characterizing solar PV features at various irradiances using Matlab or Simulink. The simulation's findings seemed to agree with the different planned PV module efficiencies. In conclusion, it has been found that this optimization technique enhances the PV system's tracking efficiency and response time, leading to dependable grid operation.

PL

Na systemy fotowoltaiczne ma wpływ ilość i temperatura nasłonecznienia. Ze względu na konkurencyjny charakter promieniowania słonecznego systemy fotowoltaiczne działają nieefektywnie. W celu zwiększenia wpływu Układu Słonecznego stosuje się różne podejścia do śledzenia punktu maksymalnej mocy (MPPT). Optymalizacja przyrostowa (IO), jeden z bardziej uznanych algorytmów MPPT, zapewnia doskonałą produktywność w stanie ustalonym i dokładność śledzenia w szerokim zakresie zmieniających się warunków atmosferycznych. Charakteryzowanie właściwości fotowoltaiki słonecznej przy różnym natężeniu promieniowania przy użyciu Matlaba lub Simulinka. Wyniki symulacji wydawały się zgadzać z różnymi planowanymi wydajnościami modułów fotowoltaicznych. Podsumowując, stwierdzono, że ta technika optymalizacji poprawia wydajność śledzenia systemu fotowoltaicznego i czas reakcji, prowadząc do niezawodnego działania sieci.