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1

Touch-spinning of Manuka honey-incorporated tissue-engineering vascular grafts reduces host-biomaterial acute inflammation in vitro

Main Evan N., Snyder Alwexandra E., Alberson Audrey N., Sandridge Jada K., Nordmoe Adeline E., Bowlin Gary L.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2026

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vol. 29, no. 174

art. no. 5

EN

Neutrophils utilize a specialized form of cell death, Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), to kill and trap invading pathogens; however, dysregulated NET release (NETosis) can drive tissue damage and fibrosis at host–biomaterial interfaces. Manuka honey exhibits potent antibacterial and emerging anti-inflammatory properties within and outside electrospun vascular tissue-engineering templates. Because current small-diameter vascular graft materials do not adequately resolve neutrophil-driven acute inflammation, they often fail, and no synthetic grafts below 4 mm in diameter are currently approved for clinical use, leaving a substantial unmet need in cardiovascular medicine. This investigation tested two central hypotheses: (1) incorporating Manuka honey into polydioxanone (PDO) touch-spun vascular templates would reduce NET formation, and (2) the touch-spinning method, which uses mechanical rather than electrical forces to draw fibers, would preserve Manuka honey’s bioactivity more effectively than traditional biomaterial fabrication approaches. Templates were fabricated from 185 mg/mL polydioxanone (PDO) containing 0%, 0.1%, 1%, or 10% Manuka honey and co-cultured with primary human neutrophils for 4 hours. NETosis was quantified from culture supernatants using a myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. Mechanical properties were evaluated following ANSI/ AAMI standards for vascular graft prostheses and compared across Manuka concentrations relative to 0% controls and native blood vessels. Findings from this study demonstrate that Manuka honey can be integrated into touch-spun vascular templates without compromising the required mechanical properties. Moreover, Manuka-incorporated templates retained Manuka honey’s neutrophil-modulating effects more effectively than electrospun counterparts. Finally, the sustained release profile of Manuka honey from these grafts aligns well with the acute, neutrophil-dominant inflammatory window following biomaterial implantation.

2

Challenges and innovations in selected biomaterials for bone cancer therapy

Malisz-Rudzińska Klaudia, Świeczko-Żurek Beata, Nowak Marcin

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2026

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vol. 29, no. 174

art. no. 3

EN

Bone cancer remains a significant clinical challenge due to the high incidence and marked heterogeneity of malignant lesions affecting skeletal tissue. Current treatment strategies primarily aim to prolong patient survival and improve quality of life rather than achieve complete remission, while conventional therapies are often associated with substantial side effects. In recent years, biomaterial-based approaches— particularly polymeric and composite drug delivery systems in the form of scaffolds or bone cements—have emerged as promising alternatives. These platforms enable localized therapeutic delivery and can be synergistically combined with magnetic hyperthermia or photothermal therapy to enhance anticancer efficacy. Moreover, many such materials exhibit antibacterial properties, offering additional protection against postoperative infections. This review examines the key challenges and recent advances in biomaterial-based strategies for the treatment of primary bone cancers and bone metastases, encompassing both conventional therapeutic approaches and emerging multifunctional material systems.

3

Computational prediction of packed-bed reactor performance for hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution

Ortega-Toro Rodrigo, Tejada-Tovar Candelaria N., Villabona-Ortiz Ángel, González-Delgado Ángel D., Vergara-Villadiego Juan C.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2025

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no. 66

13--18

EN

Adsorption is a surface-based process employed for the removal of contaminants. The process uses organic materials as bioadsorbents. Most adsorption studies have been conducted at the laboratory scale; therefore, few studies have aimed to predict process behaviour and the efficiency of bioadsorbents at an industrial scale. Therefore, the objective of this study is to model a column for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution using cocoa residues as an adsorbent material on an industrial scale. To this end, Aspen Adsorption was used to stimulate the column at large scale, evaluating the effects of variations in the inlet flow rate, bed height, and initial concentration of Cr(VI) on the adsorption. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied, with the linear driving force (LDF) used as the kinetic model. The results showed removal efficiencies of up to 94.73% for the Langmuir-LDF model and up to 95.85% for the Freundlich-LDF model. The adsorption column simulation conditions that yielded the best results for both models included a bed height of 5 m, an initial concentration of Cr(VI) of 5,000 mg∙dm-3, and an inlet flow rate to the adsorption column of 100 m3∙day-1. This study represents as a novel approach within the field of engineering, demonstrating how computational tools can effectively predict the performance of adsorption columns packed with organic waste-based biomasses.

4

Zastosowanie nanocząstek cynku jako substancji aktywnej w leczeniu trądziku i regeneracji tkanki łącznej

Träger Dominika, Młyniec Katarzyna, Słota Dagmara

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2025

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Vol. 46, nr 1

16--21

PL

Skóra, jako największy organ ludzkiego ciała, odgrywa kluczową rolę w obronie organizmu przed czynnikami zewnętrznymi. Z tego powodu podlega ona częstym uszkodzeniom, takim jak oparzenia czy urazy, które mogą prowadzić do powstania blizn. Najczęściej przejawiającym się powszechnym zagrożeniem dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania tkanki łącznej jest trądzik pospolity. Jednym ze sposobów zwalczania zapalenia skóry powstałego na wskutek trądziku oraz wspomagania regeneracji tkanki jest stosowanie biomateriałów polimerowych zawierających nanocząstki cynku (n-ZnO). Ze względu na właściwości antyoksydacyjne oraz przeciwzapalne wykazują one dużą skuteczność w walce z trądzikiem. W pracy przedstawiono przegląd literatury dotyczącej charakterystyki n-ZnO, ich oddziaływania na skórę oraz możliwości łączenia z fazą polimerową w celu otrzymania biomateriałów wspomagających regenerację tkanki łącznej.

EN

Skin, as the largest organ of the human body, plays a key role in the body’s defense against external agents. For this reason, it is subject to frequent damage, such as burns or injuries, which can lead to the formation of scars. The most frequently displayed threat to the proper functioning of connective tissue is acne vulgaris. One way to combat acne-induced dermatitis and promote tissue regeneration is to use polymeric biomaterials containing zinc nanoparticles (n-ZnO). Due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, they have demonstrated high efficacy against acne. A review of the literature on the characteristics of n-ZnOs, their effects on the skin and the possibility of combining them with a polymeric phase in order to obtain biomaterials that support connective tissue regeneration were presented.

5

In vitro cytotoxicity and physicochemical evaluation of freeze-dried hydrogel delivery systems of hydrocortisone

Odziomek Kacper, Komaniecka Sandra, Bialik-Wąs Katarzyna

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2025

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vol. 28, no. 173

art. no. 3

EN

Despite the diversity of available formulations for relieving topical symptoms of chronic skin diseases, inflammation, and hypergranulation tissue resulting from burn wounds, their efficacy is limited by side effects, application inconveniences, including the oiliness of the formulations, and the need for frequent application, which can affect patient compliance. Therefore, research has been carried out on freeze-dried hydrogel delivery systems of hydrocortisone, to evaluate their physicochemical (gel fraction, swelling ratio, pH and conductivity measurements), structural (FTIR), and morphological (SEM) properties, as well as their cytotoxicity (MTT tests). The gel fraction of freeze-dried hydrogel biomaterials (M-TH25 and M-TH50) reached 64% ± 0.3 and 63% ± 1.7, respectively, slightly higher than for the reference matrix (M) (61 ± 0.8). The swelling ratio (pH = 7.4) was in the range of 212–253% and 184–222%, respectively, comparable to the reference sample (208–277%). The incorporation of a thermosensitive polymeric nanocarriers (poly-N-isopropylacrylamide copolymers) containing hydrocortisone in the quantitative range 25–50 mg did not significantly change the overall morphology of the biomaterials. Both M and M-TH25 samples exhibit non-cytotoxicity towards mouse fibroblast cells BALB/3T3 (93% ± 10; 100% ± 8) and L929 (114% ± 8; 72% ± 10) cells with an observable variation in response for the M-TH25 sample, likely due to differences in cell behaviour and surface area. Importantly, M-TH50 sample shows cytotoxic effects (40% ± 5; 59% ± 4) mainly resulting from an excessively high concentration of the incorporated active substance. Further studies are planned (including on the release profile and kinetics of hydrocortisone and the assessment of the therapeutic effect), which may help to select an appropriate concentration of drug in the quantitative range 25-40 mg

6

Chitosan films incorporated with mastic oil for potential application in biomaterials: Physicochemical characterization

Brudzyńska Patrycja, Sionkowska Alina

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2025

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vol. 28, no. 173

art. no. 10

EN

Chitosan is applied for novel and multifunctional biomaterials development. To enhance physicochemical and biological properties, as well as to improve the functionality of chitosan-based materials, multiple natural products are incorporated, such as essential oils. Essential oils with therapeutic potential can also be extracted from natural resins. Mastic gum, a soft resin collected mainly from Pistacia lentiscus, is a source of mastic oil, which is characterized by antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer activities, and wound healing properties. The purpose of the study was to prepare and physicochemically characterize chitosan films enriched with mastic oil and polysorbate 80 as an emulsifier. FTIR spectroscopy was used to evaluate chemical structure. Mechanical properties, swelling degree, and contact angle were also investigated. The effect of mastic oil and emulsifier on the properties of chitosan films was observed. Modified films incorporated with various concentrations of mastic oil were characterized by the hydrophilic surface, increased tensile strength, and elongation at break, thus greater flexibility as well as swelling capacity and stability in phosphate-buffered saline. These features might be an advantage in terms of material fabrication intended for biomedical applications, for example, wound healing. Chitosan and mastic oil might be a promising combination for use in biomaterials.

7

Innovative use of mycelium in construction

Wierzbicka Anna Maria, Jagiełło-Kowalczyk Magdalena, Ławińska Katarzyna, Haupt Patrycja, Gubert Martino, Paoletti Giulia, Lollini Roberto, Kavka Urban

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

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2024

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nr 49

180--186

EN

The goal of the interdisciplinary study presented in this paper was to identify opportunities for innovative applications of mycelium in construction, including housing construction. This solution is gaining significance due to its sustainability and eco-friendliness. Mycelium can be seen as an innovative alternative to traditional building materials, and can be transformed into permanent structures using mycotecture. In 2023, within the framework of cooperation between researchers from the Warsaw University of Technology and experts from the Łukasiewicz Research Network Institute, an experimental study was conducted and produced interesting results. The study is at the testing stage. The interdisciplinary research team grew to include researchers from the Cracow University of Technology, Eurac Research from Italy and InnoRenew CoE from Slovenia. The methodology of research on mycotecture is a comprehensive process that begins with defining research goals and analyzing the literature. After analyzing existing cases and drawing conclusions, research experiments are designed, which include both laboratory tests and field tests. Field tests of the material produced during the study was linked with the participation of students from the Warsaw University of Technology, who built the Future Pavilion also known as the “We Stand For” initiative, where a prototype mycelium brick was used in the pavilion’s structure.

8

Usage of mycelium-based composites in the construction of small architectural structures

Lewandowska Anna

Przestrzeń i Forma

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2024

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nr 58

57--74

EN

Mycelium is a biomaterial that can be an innovative alternative to existing solutions in architecture. The study analyzed 10 examples of small architectural structures built on the basis of the mycelium based composites. The aim of the research was to collect data showing the scope of possibilities of mycelium with other building materials, ways of protecting mycelium against external factors, and aesthetic and finishing aspects.

PL

Grzybnia (mycelium) jest biomateriałem, który może być innowacyjną alternatywą dla istniejących rozwiązań w architekturze. W badaniu analizom zostało poddanych 10 przykładów małych struktur architektonicznych w których konstrukcji wykorzystano kompozyty na bazie grzybni. Celem badań było zebranie danych pokazujących zakres możliwości wykorzystania mycelim w tworzeniu tego typu obiektów. Skupiono się na połączeniach grzybni z innymi materiałami budowlanymi, sposobach ochrony grzybni przed czynnikami zewnętrznymi oraz aspektach estetycznych i wykończeniowych.

9

Innovative polymer composites based on biomedical materials - Rapid communication

Bulanda Katarzyna, Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota, Oleksy Małgorzata, Aebisher David

Polimery

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2024

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Vol. 69, nr 5

318--324

EN

The article presents preliminary research on the influence of calcium phosphate (10–40 wt%) on the functional properties of ABS. Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene was used as a compatibilizer (0.5 wt%). The mass flow rate, tensile properties and hardness were determined. The effect of the filler on the color change of the polymer matrix was also examined. For a composite containing 20 wt% calcium phosphate, the mechanical properties of samples obtained by 3D printing and injection molding were compared, with worse properties obtained by 3D printing. This can be explained by limited adhesion between the printed layers.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wstępne badania wpływu fosforanu wapnia (10–40% mas.) na właściwości użytkowe ABS. Jako kompatybilizator użyto polietylen szczepiony bezwodnikiem maleinowym (0,5% mas.). Określono masowy wskaźnik szybkości płynięcia, właściwości mechaniczne przy rozciąganiu i twardość. Zbadano także wpływ napełniacza na zmianę barwy osnowy polimerowej. Dla kompozytu zawierającego 20 wt% fosforanu wapnia porównano właściwości mechaniczne próbek uzyskanych metodą druku 3D i formowania wtryskowego, przy czym gorsze właściwości uzyskano metodą druku 3D. Można to wyjaśnić ograniczoną przyczepnością pomiędzy drukowanymi warstwami.

10

Effect of Nb and Zr Alloying Additives on Structure and Properties of Ti-Ta-Nb-Zr Alloys for Medical Applications

Dercz Grzegorz, Matuła Izabela, Prusik Krystian, Zając J., Szklarska Magdalena, Kazek-Kęsik Alicja, Simka Wojciech

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2024

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Vol. 69, iss. 4

1467--1472

EN

This work investigated two titanium-based alloys with a constant tantalum content and variable contents of alloy additives - niobium and zirconium. The Ti-30Ta-10Zr-20Nb (wt.%) and Ti-30Ta-20Zr-10Nb (wt.%) alloys were obtained using a combination of powder metallurgy and arc melting methods. The influence of alloying additives on the structure and properties of the Ti-Ta-Nb-Zr system was studied using, among others: X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the single-β-phase structure of both alloys. In addition, the microscopic analysis revealed that a higher amount of zirconium favoured the formation of larger grains. However, the microhardness analysis indicated that the alloy with the higher niobium content had the higher microhardness. Importantly, the in vitro corrosion study revealed that the addition of niobium promoted the better corrosion resistance of the investigated alloy.

11

Study of the Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties of Surface Modified Steel for Medical Applications

Taratuta Anna, Lisoń-Kubica Julia, Kazek-Kęsik Alicja, Antonowicz Magdalena, Basiaga Marcin

Tribologia

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2023

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nr 2

85--95

EN

Various types of metal implants, both in Poland and worldwide, are mainly manufactured from stainless steel due to their biocompatibility, strength, and relatively low price. However, any such procedure involves the risk of peri-implant infection, stimulated, among other things, by the formation of a bacterial biofilm on the surface of the implant. In this paper, several methods of modifying the surface of steel for medical applications were proposed, such as mechanical polishing, electropolishing, sandblasting, and the application of a thin surface layer. This was followed by a series of physicochemical and biological tests. The results indicate that the titanium nitride coating improved corrosion resistance and reduced bacterial adhesion on the surface. No significant improvement in abrasion was observed, and the adhesion of the coating closely depended on the method of preparation.

PL

Implanty metalowe, zarówno w Polsce, jak i na świecie, produkowane są głównie ze stali nierdzewnej ze względu na jej biokompatybilność, wytrzymałość i stosunkowo niską cenę. Jednak każdy tego rodzaju zabieg wiąże się z ryzykiem powstania zakażenia okołowszczepowego, stymulowanego m.in. powstawaniem biofilmu bakteryjnego na powierzchni implantu. W pracy zaproponowano kilka metod modyfikacji powierzchni stali do zastosowań medycznych, takich jak polerowanie mechaniczne, elektropolerowanie, piaskowanie oraz nałożenie cienkiej warstwy powierzchniowej. Następnie przeprowadzono szereg badań fizykochemicznych i biologicznych. Wyniki wskazują, że powłoka azotku tytanu poprawiła odporność na korozję oraz ograniczyła adhezję bakterii na powierzchni. Nie zaobserwowano znaczącej poprawy ścieralności, a adhezja powłoki ściśle zależała od metody jej przygotowania.

12

The influence of amino chain length and calcium lignosulfonate modification on lignosulfonamides flammability and thermal stability

Majka Tomasz M.

Polimery

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2023

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Vol. 68, nr 10

544--554

EN

The i nfluence of methods for obtaining lignosulfonyl chloride (through chemical modifications of calcium lignosulfonate) and the amine chain length on the thermal properties and flammability of lignosulfonamides were examined. HCl/HSO3Cl, HCl/PCl5, PCl5, and SOCl2 were used to calcium lignosulfonate modification. The conditions for the synthesis of lignosulfonamides were optimized. Promising results were aquired for N-butyl-N-dodecyl-lignosulfonamides obtained by reaction with thionyl chloride and PCl5. Tests confirmed negligible flammability and better thermal stability. The obtained lignosulfonamides can be used as flame-retardants in biocomposites.

PL

Zbadano wpływ metod otrzymywania chlorku lignosulfonylu (poprzez modyfikację chemiczną lignosulfonianu wapnia) oraz długości łańcucha aminowego na właściwości termiczne i palność lignosulfonamidów. Do modyfikacji lignosulfonianu wapnia zastosowano HCl/HSO3Cl, HCl/ PCl5, PCl5 i SOCl2. Zoptymalizowano warunki syntezy lignosulfonamidów. Obiecujące wyniki uzyskano dla N-butylo-N-dodecylo-lignosulfonamidów otrzymanych w reakcji z chlorkiem tionylu i PCl5. Badania potwierdziły znikomą palność i lepszą stabilność termiczną. Otrzymane lignosulfonamidy można stosować jako środki zmniejszające palność biokompozytów.

13

Study of selected properties of PLA used in 3D printing

Sośniak K., Biela D., Szalaty D., Ścieszka M., Polok-Rubiniec M., Włodarczyk-Fligier A., Kania A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 116, nr 2

72--79

EN

Purpose: This study focuses on determining the best possible structure of the orthosis made with FDM 3D printing technology. To produce the samples, a thermoplastic PLA material was selected that met the conditions of biodegradability, biocompatibility and non-toxicity. The samples produced were subjected to a tensile strength test and corrosion resistance. Design/methodology/approach: Studies based on FEM analysis were carried out using the advanced engineering software CAE - Inventor. The samples were designed in the CAD system, while the G-Code path was generated using the PrusaSlicer 2.5.0 program dedicated to the Prusa i3 MK3S+ printer, which was used to create the models. Surface morphology observations of PLA were carried out with a Zeiss SUPRA 35 scanning electron microscope (SEM). The static tensile test was performed on the Zwick/Roell z100 device based on the PN-EN ISO 527:1 standard. Electrochemical corrosion tests were carried out using the Autolab PGSTAT302N Multi BA potentiostat in Ringer solution at a temperature of 37ºC. Findings: The research allowed the appropriate structure of the orthosis made of PLA polymer material using 3D FDM printing technology. The static tensile test, SEM and corrosion tests confirmed the correct application of this material for the selected purpose. It was possible to determine that samples with holes of 10 mm had the highest strength properties. Due to the tensile tests, the average tensile strength of those samples was around 61 MPa. The corrosion parameters of PLA were determined using Tafel analysis. Research limitations/implications: The research methodology proposed in work can be used to study other biomedical materials. The results presented can be the basis for further tests in order to search for the best orthopaedic stabiliser. Originality/value: The innovative part of the article are three different versions of structures intended for making orthoses used in medicine.

14

Effect of the structure and hydrothermal conditions on the strength of polymer-ceramic composites

Walczak Agata, Niewczas A. M., Pieniak D., Rogula-Kozłowska Wioletta, Kordos P., Przystupa Krzysztof, Popovych V.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 121, nr 2

327--340

EN

The properties of polymer composites depend on their structures. Good initial properties are often not enough because they change under environmental conditions. Thus, studies of functional properties should provide information about their initial properties and behaviour under operating conditions. The study aimed to determine the effect of the structure of dental composites and the environmental hydrothermal conditions on their mechanical strength. Design/methodology/approach Light-cured polymer matrix ceramic composites (LC PMCCs) were investigated. Commercially available composites and experimental materials with different filler particle contents were tested. Compressive strength, three-point and biaxial flexural strength tests were carried out. The tests were performed using composites without a load history, exposed to a moist environment and hydrothermal ageing. Findings In most cases, changes in compressive strength under the effect of the moist environment and hydrothermal ageing were non-significant. Compressive and three-point flexural strength values obtained for universal-type materials were higher than those obtained for flow-type composites. In contrast, higher values of biaxial flexural strength characterised the latter. Hydrothermal ageing caused the greatest decrease (approx. 60%) in the three-point flexural strength of universal-type composites. The strength degradation of flow-type materials was about 40%. Research limitations/implications It is unknown whether the effects of fatigue due to mechanical and hydro-thermal loads are additive, i.e., whether the principle of superposition applies in the case of combined action of these loads or whether a synergy phenomenon occurs. In the next stages, experiments can be carried out involving the simultaneous operation of both types of force. Practical implications The issue of durability is well established in the field of machine operation and, to a lesser extent, in relation to medical devices. Understanding the importance of the durability of medical facilities is not common. This interdisciplinary project may contribute to the dissemination of knowledge in this field. Originality/value Based on the obtained test results, it should be concluded that the based on the change in the elastic modulus.

15

Skóra rybia jako źródło kolagenu. Charakterystyka, metody ekstrakcji i zastosowanie

Sadlik Julia, Słota Dagmara

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2023

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Vol. 44, nr 1

20--25

PL

Kolagen jest kluczowym białkiem w organizmach żywych, stanowiącym aż ok. 30% białka ludzkiego. Ze względu na swoje właściwości znajduje zastosowanie w wielu dziedzinach, od inżynierii tkankowej po farmację i przemysł kosmetyczny. Z uwagi na zapotrzebowanie rynku szczególne zainteresowanie wzbudził kolagen pochodzenia rybiego, bowiem stosowanie go jest dozwolone we wszystkich religiach i nie ma związanych z tym żadnych restrykcji, jak w przypadku wiary muzułmańskiej czy żydowskiej, gdzie zakazane jest korzystanie z kolagenu wieprzowego bądź wołowego. Kolejnym aspektem przemawiającym za stosowaniem tego typu białka jest jego bezpieczeństwo, ponieważ w przeciwieństwie do pozostałych źródeł kolagenu zmniejsza on ryzyko przenoszenia różnego rodzaju chorób odzwierzęcych. Kolagen morski można pobierać z odpadów rybnych, takich jak skóra, łuski i płetwy. W artykule przedstawiono sposoby ekstrakcji oraz możliwości zastosowania takiego białka.

EN

Collagen is a key protein in living organisms, it constitutes as much as 30% of human protein. Due to its interesting properties, it is used in many fields, from tissue engineering to pharmacy and the cosmetics industry. Because of the market demand, collagen of fish origin aroused interest, its use is allowed in all religions and there are no restrictions related to it as in the case of the Muslim or Jewish faith, where the use of pork or beef collagen is prohibited. Another aspect in favor of using this type of protein is its safety, because unlike other collagen sources, it reduces the risk of transmitting various zoonotic diseases. Marine collagen can be extracted from fish waste, such as skin, scales and fins. This article presents the methods of extraction and the possibilities of using such a protein.

16

The properties of fish skin collagen films after cross-linking with tannic acid

Sionkowska Alina, Lewandowska Katarzyna, Szulc Marta, Brudzyńska Patrycja, Kulka Karolina, Piwowarski Łukasz

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2023

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vol. 26, no. 168

9--14

EN

Over the last three decades, an increasing interest in the preparation of new materials for wound healing has been observed. Collagen is a widely used biomaterial, and especially fish skin collagen is more and more popular among scientists. This study aimed to obtain thin films from native fish skin collagen and collagen cross-linked with tannic acid. Infrared spectroscopy, mechanical test, topographic imaging, and swelling test were used to characterize the features of the mentioned films. Statistical evaluation of the results was conducted with the Q-Dixon test. Infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that in the IR spectra of examined biomaterials, there are slight shifts in band positions after tannic acid cross-linking. The mechanical properties of the cross-linked material were different from those of the native collagen film. The Young’s modulus was higher for cross-linked collagen, whereas the elongation at break was lower than for pure collagen. The swelling of the collagen films increased after cross-linking with tannic acid. Swelling tests indicated that collagen cross-linked with tannic acid absorbs more water than before cross-linking. The properties of collagen films were significantly improved after tannic acid cross-linking. All alterations can be a result of collagen cross-linking by tannic acid, probably by forming hydrogen bonds between collagen and tannic acid.

17

The influence of selected transition elements on cell metabolism

Terpiłowska Sylwia, Rafińska Katarzyna, Gołębiowski Adrian, Kowalkowski Tomasz, Buszewski Bogusław

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2023

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Vol. 30, nr 4

471--488

EN

The elements are present in the environment. Moreover, they are used in pharmacy and the production of new materials used in medical applications. They are often as environmental pollutants. They can accumulate in organisms and induce toxic effects on the cellular level. HepG2, L929 and Caco-2 cell lines were exposed to known concentrations of chromium chloride, iron chloride, nickel chloride, molybdenum trioxide and cobalt chloride (200 or 1000 μ M used alone and in combinations). Concentrations of chromium, iron, nickel, molybdenum and cobalt in the cell lysate and the culture medium were determined by ICP-MS. Moreover, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium concentrations were also measured. What is more, cells were observed under light and scanning electron microscope. The dose-dependent increase in the concentration of chromium, iron, nickel, molybdenum and cobalt in all cell lines after incubation with elements was observed. Potassium concentration decreases while sodium calcium and magnesium increase after incubation of cells with of mentioned elements. The incubation of cells with microelements induces cell morphology changes. The presented study shows the crucial role of tested microelements in the induction of cell death as a result of an imbalance of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium concentration inside the cell.

18

Synthesis of Ti-Nb-Zr Alloys Combined Powder Metallurgy and Arc Melting Methods

Matuła Izabela, Dercz Grzegorz, Prusik Krystian, Szklarska Magdalena, Kazek-Kęsik Alicja, Simka Wojciech, Sudoł E.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 3

1115--1120

EN

Scientists and medics are still searching for new metallic materials that can be used in medicine, e.g., as material for implants. The following article proposes materials based on titanium with vital elements prepared by combined powder metallurgy and arc melting methods. Four compositions of Ti-28Ta-9Nb, Ti-28Ta-19Nb, Ti-28Ta-9Zr and Ti-28Ta-19Zr (wt.%) have been prepared. The tested material was thoroughly analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Qualitative phase analysis using X-ray diffraction showed the presence of two phases, α' and β titanium. In addition, a microhardness test was conducted, and the material was characterized in terms of corrosion properties. It was found that the corrosion resistance decreases with an increase of the β phase presence.

19

Effect of Nb and Zr alloying additives on structure and properties of Ti-Ta-Nb-Zr alloys for medical applications

Dercz Grzegorz, Matuła Izabela, Prusik Krystian, Zając J., Szklarska Magdalena, Kazek-Kęsik Alicja, Simka Wojciech

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 3

1137--1142

EN

This work investigated two titanium-based alloys with a constant tantalum content and variable contents of alloy additives - niobium and zirconium. The Ti-30Ta-10Zr-20Nb (wt.%) and Ti-30Ta-20Zr-10Nb (wt.%) alloys were obtained using a combination of powder metallurgy and arc melting methods. The influence of alloying additives on the structure and properties of the Ti-Ta-Nb-Zr system was studied using, among others: X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the single-β-phase structure of both alloys. In addition, the microscopic analysis revealed that a higher amount of zirconium favoured the formation of larger grains. However, the microhardness analysis indicated that the alloy with the higher niobium content had the higher microhardness. Importantly, the in vitro corrosion study revealed that the addition of niobium promoted the better corrosion resistance of the investigated alloy.

20

Additive manufacturing of metallic biomaterials: a concise review

Mahajan Amit, Singh Gurcharan, Devgan Sandeep

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, no. 3

art. no. e187, 2023

EN

Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the critical techniques of novel medical devices which is capable of processing complicated or customized structures to best match the human’s bones and tissues. AM allows for the fabrication of devices with optimal architectures, complicated morphologies, surface integrity, and regulated porosity and chemical composition. Various AM methods can now consistently fabricate dense products for a range of metallic, nonmetallic, composites, and nanocomposites. Different studies are available that describe the microstructure and various properties of 3D-printed biomedical alloys. However, there are limited research on the wear characteristics, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility of 3D-printed technology-constructed biomedical alloys. In this article, AM metallic biomaterials such as stainless steel, magnesium, cobalt–chromium, and titanium are reviewed along with their alloys. The helicopter view of essential characteristics of these additively manufactured biomaterials is comprised. The review will have a significant impact on fabricating metallic surgical equipment and its sturdiness in the biomedical field.