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1

Influence of the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) parameters on surface properties of the hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite - carbon nanotube coatings formed on the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy

Majkowska-Marzec Beata, Sypniewska Joanna, Jażdżewska Magdalena, Suchwałko Katarzyna, Ciecierska Marta, Fernandez Hernan Juan Pablo

Advances in Materials Science

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2025

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Vol. 25, nr 3(85)

38--52

EN

MAO processing of titanium biomaterials for long-term implants forms oxide layers resistant to mechanical stresses during surgery, making them among the best surface modifications. Bioactivity can be enhanced using electrolytes with calcium, phosphate, or apatite; mechanical and corrosion properties can be improved by adding other compounds. This study examines effects of voltage, current, deposition time, hydroxyapatite (HA) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the electrolyte on Ti13Nb13Zr alloy surface properties. Methods included SEM, EDS, profilometry, hardness, corrosion, and wettability tests. CNTs improved mechanical properties, reduced corrosion resistance, slightly affected wettability. Voltage controlled plasma oxidation intensity; current affected ion/molecule mass flux.

2

Wpływ napełniacza mineralnego modyfikowanego związkami naturalnymi na właściwości przetwórcze i mechaniczne plastyfikowanego poli(chlorku winylu)

Altmajer Zuzanna, Wilczewski Sławomir, Osial Magdalena, Giersig Michael, Tomaszewska Jolanta

IPPT Reports on Fundamental Technological Research

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2024

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nr 2

9--25

PL

Poli(chlorek winylu) (PVC) jest jednym z najstarszych tworzyw termoplastycznych produkowanych na skalę przemysłową. Oprócz wielu korzystnych właściwości jedną z głównych zalet PVC jest jego podatność na fizyczną modyfikację, dzięki czemu wykorzystuje się go w różnych dziedzinach. W celu modyfikacji właściwości poli(chlorku winylu) stosuje się dodatki, m.in. smary, plastyfikatory, stabilizatory termiczne oraz napełniacze. W ramach niniejszej pracy zaproponowano zastosowanie hydroksyapatytu (HAp) jako napełniacza mineralnego do modyfikacji poli(chlorku winylu) pokrytego stabilizatorem roślinnym pochodzącym z kurkumy. Dodatkowo oceniono wpływ modyfikacji HAp za pomocą kurkuminy na strukturę oraz właściwości przetwórcze i fizykomechaniczne otrzymanych kompozytów. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że zastosowanie modyfikatora roślinnego zapobiega agregacji napełniacza. Jego dodatek do plastyfikowanej mieszanki PVC wpłynął na wydłużenie czasu stabilności termicznej oraz zmniejszenie masowego wskaźnika szybkości płynięcia. Stwierdzono ponadto istotny wpływ napełniacza na właściwości mechaniczne, tj. twardość, moduł sprężystości PVC oraz wytrzymałość na rozciąganie otrzymanych kompozytów.

EN

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the oldest thermoplastics produced on an industrial scale. In addition to its many favorable properties, one of the main advantages of PVC is its susceptibility to various types of modification, which makes it exploited in many areas. Different types of additives such as lubricants, plasticizers, thermal stabilizers, and fillers are used to modify the properties of poly(vinyl chloride). Within the scope of this study, hydroxyapatite was proposed as a mineral filler based on the hydroxyapatite (HAp) modified with the green plant-derived coat for poly(vinyl chloride) modification. In addition, the effect of coat of hydroxyapatite with curcumin on the structure, as well as the processing properties and physicomechanical properties of the obtained composites. The obtained results showed that the use of a plant origin modifier influenced the reduction of filler particle size. Hydroxyapatite influenced an increase in thermal stability time and a decrease in mass flow rate. The mineral filler also affected the reduction of tensile strength. However, its significant effect on the hardness and elastic modulus of PVC was observed.

3

Alkali pre-treatment of the Ti6Al7Nb substrate and its impact on electrochemically deposited calcium phosphate coatings

Iwaniak Klaudia, Kaczorowski Witold, Burnat Barbara, Grabarczyk Jacek

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2024

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vol. 27, no. 172

art. no. 01

EN

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of alkali pre-treatment of a Ti6Al7Nb substrate on the morphology and physicochemical properties of calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings. CaP coatings were electrochemically deposited on two groups of substrates: one unmodified and the other pre-treated in a 5M NaOH solution. CaP coatings deposition was performed in a three-electrode system using a potentiostatic mode at a potential of -4 V for 1 h in an electrolyte containing 0.042M Ca(NO3)2 and 0.025M NH4H2PO4. The surface characteristics of the coatings were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and contact angle techniques. Additionally, the corrosion resistance of the coatings was assessed by linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic polarization tests in PBS solution. Morphological analysis showed that the coatings exhibited no significant differences. EDS analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic elements constituting the CaP coatings in both tested groups. Raman spectra revealed the characteristic peaks of the hydroxyapatite (HAp), amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) structures. Furthermore, Raman mapping confirmed the effectiveness of substrate pre-treatment, leading to the crystalline structure of the coatings. The water contact angle values indicated that pre-treatment of the substrate in NaOH increases the hydrophilicity of the deposited coatings. Regardless of the substrate preparation method, the deposited CaP coatings exhibited protective properties against corrosion under physiological conditions. The results confirmed that alkali pre-treatment of the Ti6Al7Nb alloy affects the crystallinity and the wettability of the electrodeposited CaP coatings.

4

Thermal treatment effect on the particle size distribution of alkaline earth metals hydroxyapatite

Diichuk Volodymyr, Diichuk Iryna

Scientiae Radices

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2023

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Vol. 2, Iss. 4

309--318

EN

Hydroxyapatites of certain alkaline earth metals were synthesised, and their phase composition was determined using X-ray phase analysis. Thermal modification of the studied compounds was performed at temperatures not exceeding 800°C. The laser diffraction method determined the size distribution of the samples subjected to thermal treatment. It was found that the mean particle size ranged from 5,48±1,28 to 126,71±3,68 μm. It has been demonstrated that particle aggregation and fragmentation processes are possible depending on the synthesised compounds' qualitative and quantitative phase composition and the modification temperature.

5

Polymer composites for obtaining human anatomic structures

Oleksy Małgorzata, Dynarowicz Klaudia, Aebisher David

Polimery

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2023

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Vol. 68, nr 6

323--329

EN

Composites based on PLA with the addition of 3, 6 and 10 wt% silica, hydroxyapatite and bentonite were obtained by twin-screw extrusion. Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene was used to enhance interface interactions. The influence of the fillers used on the Charpy impact strength, Rockwell hardness, tensile properties and processing shrinkage was investigated. Test samples were obtained by 3D printing. The highest impact strength and hardness were obtained for the composite containing 10 wt% hydroxyapatite. PLA with 10 wt% hydroxyapatite and 3 wt% bentonite was used to obtain anatomical structures by 3D printing.

PL

Metodą dwuślimakowego wytłaczania otrzymano kompozyty na osnowie PLA z dodatkiem 3, 6 i 10% mas. krzemionki, hydroksyapatytu oraz bentonitu. W celu zwiększenia oddziaływań na granicy faz użyto polietylenu szczepionego bezwodnikiem maleinowym. Zbadano wpływ stosowanych napełniaczy na udarność Charpy’ego, twardość Rockwella, właściwości mechaniczne przy statycznym rozciąganiu oraz skurcz przetwórczy. Próbki do badań otrzymano za pomocą druku 3D. Największą udarność i twardość uzyskano w przypadku kompozytu zawierającego 10% mas. hydroksyapatytu. Do otrzymywania struktur anatomicznych metodą druku 3D zastosowano hybrydowy kompozyt PLA zawierający 10% mas. hydroksyapatytu i 3% mas. bentonitu.

6

Polymer and composite materials used in medicine – an overview

Oleksy Małgorzata, Dynarowicz Klaudia, Aebisher David

Polimery

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2023

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Vol. 68, nr 7-8

363--370

EN

The article is a review of the literature on the use of polymers in medicine as biomaterials. Examples of the preparation of the most commonly used synthetic polymers in medicine, such as: polylactide (PLA), polyglycolide (PGA), polyhydrobutyrate (PHB), polycaprolactone (PCL) are described. The characteristics of ceramic materials: hydroxyapatite (HAp) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) are also presented in terms of the use of synthetic biodegradable polymers as biofillers. The last part of article is devoted to the functional properties of composites based on PLA with the addition of HAp and TCP.

PL

Artykuł stanowi przegląd literatury dotyczący zastosowania polimerów w medycynie jako biomateriałów. Opisano przykłady otrzymywania najczęściej stosowanych syntetycznych polimerów w medycynie takich jak: polilaktyd (PLA), poliglikolid (PGA), polihydromaślan (PHB), polikaprolakton (PCL). Przedstawiono także charakterystykę materiałów ceramicznych: hydroksyapatytu (HAp) i trójfosforanu wapnia (TCP) pod kontem stosowania jako bionapełniacze syntetycznych biodegradowalnych polimerów. Ostatnia część artykułu jest poświęcona właściwościom użytkowym kompozytów na osnowie PLA z dodatkiem HAp i TCP.

7

Zastosowania systemów uwalniania wankomycyny do regeneracji tkanki kostnej

Träger Dominika, Niziołek Karina

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2023

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Vol. 44, nr 4

18--24

PL

Wankomycyna (VA) jest szeroko stosowanym glikopeptydowym antybiotykiem, o bardzo skutecznym działaniu bakteriobójczym/bakteriostatycznym. Jest stosowana profilaktycznie przed operacjami, po zabiegach lub w ich trakcie wraz z wszczepianym implantem celem zahamowania namnażania się bakterii i zapobiegania infekcji. Pomimo skutecznego działania bakteriobójczego, nieostrożne i niewłaściwe podanie antybiotyku może skutkować toksycznym działaniem prowadzącym do stałych uszkodzeń w ciele. W przeglądzie przedstawiono przykłady połączenia VA z implantami, które pozwalają na precyzyjne dostarczenie leku oraz kontrolę nad czasem jego uwalniania, wspomagając tym samym regenerację tkanki kostnej

EN

Vancomycin (VA) is a widely used glycopeptide antibiotic with highly effective bactericidal/bacteriostatic activity. It is used prophylactically before, after, or during surgery along with an implant to inhibit bacterial proliferation and prevent infection. Despite its effective antibacterial effect, careless and inappropriate administration of the antibiotic can result in toxicity leading to permanent damage in the body. The review provides examples of combining VA with implants that allow precise delivery of the drug and control over the timing of its release, thereby aiding bone tissue regeneration

8

Utilising cold sintering process for sintering hydroxyapatite-polyetheretherketone nanocomposite

Abbas H. O., Smeig H. A., Ameer Z. J. A.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 124, nr 1

25--41

EN

Purpose: A novel technique of very low-temperature sintering named the cold sintering process is used to produce Highly dense hydroxyapatite-polyetheretherketone (HA-PEEK) nanocomposites. The polymers and ceramics are sintered at different temperatures; therefore, it is difficult to create ceramic matrix composites using traditional methods because the high temperatures might damage the polymers. It is hard to concurrently treat polymeric materials at high temperatures because HA often sinters at temperatures exceeding 1000°C. So, the study aimed to use a novel low-temperature sintering named Cold Sintering Process (CSP) with a Ts/ Tm ratio greater than 0.2 to alleviate this issue. This method could offer a production path with quick densification and less energy costs to increase throughput. Design/methodology/approach: In the current work, two different routes are used: The direct mixing and dissolution methods were used for powder preparation to fabricate a unique ceramic matrix composite. The study aimed to determine whether the preparation method could produce two continuous phases for better densification. The sintering temperature, pressure, holding time, and PEEK content were selected as the production parameters. The samples are characterised using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), an X-ray diffractogram (XRD), and a transition electron microscope (TEM). Also, physical and mechanical property measurements were detected, including density, water contact angle, hardness, and diametral tensile strength (DTS). Findings: It can be observed that a high densification compact (relative density 99.3%) can be observed by using the dissolution method HA-PEEK composites, which can be produced via the cold sintering process. The dissolution method can produce two continuous phases compared with the direct mixing method. All samples exhibit excellent hydrophilicity, which makes them good candidates for biomedical applications. Research limitations/implications: The biggest implication of the cold sintering method is the difficulty of making large-sized and complex-shaped samples. Practical implications: The dissolution method can produce two continuous phases compared with the direct mixing method. All samples exhibit excellent hydrophilicity, which makes them good candidates for biomedical applications. Originality/value: A novel technique was used for the first time to solve the problem of producing ceramic matrix composites with polymer as the dispersion phase.

9

Wpływ procesu degradacji na właściwości fizykomechaniczne kompozytów PCL/HA

Antosik Agnieszka, Woźniak Anna, Najmrodzki Adrian, Tymowicz-Grzyb Paulina, Szterner Piotr, Kurzyk Agata, Biernat Monika

Szkło i Ceramika

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2022

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R. 73, nr 3

38--42

PL

Kompozyty na bazie polikaprolaktonu z dodatkiem wypełniacza w postaci włókien hydroksyapatytowych są jednym z potencjalnych materiałów do zastosowań inżynierii tkankowej. Materiały te odznaczają się nie tylko odpowiednią porowatością i wytrzymałością mechaniczną, lecz także bioaktywnością, biokompatybilnością i bioresorbowalnością. Z punktu widzenia możliwości aplikacyjnych danego materiału niezwykle istotna jest kontrola procesu degradacji kompozytu w czasie, tak aby rusztowanie mogło zapewnić stabilność mechaniczną do momentu odbudowy ubytku. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące wpływu procesu degradacji na właściwości fizykomechaniczne opracowanych porowatych kompozytów na bazie polikaprolaktonu (PCL) z dodatkiem zsyntezowanych włókien hydroksyapatytu (HA) o zróżnicowanej morfologii. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na wpływ zsyntezowanego proszku na zmianę właściwości fizykomechanicznych kompozytów w procesie degradacji. Próbki do badań otrzymano metodą liofilizacji. Proces degradacji badano poprzez pomiar ubytku masy, zmiany mikrostruktury, powierzchni właściwej, gęstości i wytrzymałości na ściskanie w czasie. Pomiary prowadzono po 3, 6 i 12 tygodniach inkubacji w soli fizjologicznej buforowanej fosforanem (PBS). Wyniki badań wykazały, że proces degradacji badanych kompozytów jest bardzo wolny, a dodatek zsyntezowanego HA nieznacznie go przyspiesza. Ubytek masy kompozytu po 12 tygodniach inkubacji w PBS wynosił zaledwie 0,47%. Procesowi degradacji towarzyszy spadek gęstości i wzrost powierzchni właściwej materiału w czasie. Porównanie wytrzymałości opracowanych kompozytów PCL/HA przed i po 12 tygodniach inkubacji w PBS, pozwala wnioskować, że dodatek zsyntezowanego hydroksyapatytu wpływa na wzrost wytrzymałości kompozytów w czasie (nawet do 20%).

EN

Polycaprolactone-based composites with filler in the form of hydroxyapatite fibers are one of the potential materials for tissue engineering applications. These materials are characterized not only by adequate porosity and mechanical strength, but also by bioactivity, biocompatibility and bioresorbability. From the point of view of the applicability of a given material, it is extremely important to control the degradation process of the composite over time, so that the scaffold can provide mechanical stability until the defect is restored. The paper presents the results of the study of the effect of the degradation process on the physicomechanical properties of the developed porous composites based on polycaprolactone (PCL) with the addition of synthesized hydroxyapatite (HA) fibers of different morphologies. In the study, special attention was paid to the effect of the synthesized powder on the change of physicomechanical properties of the composites during the degradation process. Samples for the study were obtained by freeze-drying method. The degradation process was studied by measuring weight loss, changes in microstructure, specific surface area, density and compressive strength over time. Measurements were conducted after 3, 6 and 12 weeks of incubation in PBS (phosphate-buffered saline). The results showed that the addition of synthesized HA slightly accelerates the degradation process of PCL/HA composites. Nevertheless, the degradation process is very slow. The weight loss of the composite after 12 weeks of incubation in PBS was only 0.47%. The degradation process is accompanied by a decrease in density and an increase in the specific surface area of the material over time. A comparison of the strength of the developed PCL/HA composites before and after 12 weeks of incubation in PBS, allows us to conclude that the addition of synthesized hydroxyapatite affects the increase in the strength of the composites over time (up to 20%).

10

HA-ZnO-Fe3O4 composite manufactured by wet powder metallurgy process for implant applications

Gupta Ruchi, Agarwal Mayank, Singh Vinay Pratap

Composites Theory and Practice

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2022

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R. 22, nr 1

40--43

EN

A hydroxyapatite (HA) based biocompatible and bioactive composite is an appropriate choice for bio-implants. This experimental work presents the influence of ZnO and Fe3O4 on the microstructure of HA-ZnO-Fe3O4 composites synthesized by the wet powder metallurgy process. These composites were characterized using SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and XRD. The obtained results showed the effect of the addition of Fe3O4 on the interface formation, which is exhibited by interconnected pores and sintered neck in the micrographs. The observed porosity helps to enhance the required osseointegration for the fixation of implants with human bones.

11

Prediction of brittle fracture propagation behaviour of hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating in artificial femoral stem component

Sheng C.H., Nagentrau M., Ibrahim N.H.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 114, nr 1

34--41

EN

Purpose: This study addresses the brittle fracture propagation behaviour modelling of hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating in artificial femoral stem component. Design/methodology/approach: A simple two dimensional flat-on-flat contact configuration finite element model consisting contact pad (bone), Ti-6Al-4V substrate and HAp coating is employed in static simulation. The HAp coating is modelled as elastic layer with pre-microcrack which assumed to be initiated due to stress singularity. Findings: The study revealed that reducing coating thickness, pre-microcrack length and artificial femoral stem elastic modulus along with increasing bone elastic modulus will result in significant stress intensity factor (SIF) to promote brittle fracture propagation behaviour. Research limitations/implications: The influence of coating thickness, pre-microcrack length, bone and artificial femoral stem elastic modulus on fracture behaviour is examined under different stress ratio using J-integral analysis approach. Practical implications: The proposed finite element model can be easily accommodating different Hap coating thickness, pre-microcrack length, bone and artificial femoral stem elastic modulus to perform detailed parametric studies with minimal costly experimental works. Originality/value: Limited research focussing on brittle fracture propagation behaviour of HAp coating in artificial femoral stem component. Thus, present study analysed the influence of coating thickness, pre-microcrack length, bone and artificial femoral stem elastic modulus on stress intensity factor (SIF) of HAp coating.

12

Adsorpcja dwuwartościowych kationów na granicy faz hydroksyapatyt/roztwór elektrolitu

Janusz Władysław, Skwarek Ewa

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2021

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[Z] 75, 9-10

1203--1228

EN

Functional and composite materials obtained from hydroxyapatite (HAp) are widely used in practice, which results in intensive research of systems containing hydroxyapatite. Doping with divalent ions of hydroxyapatite changes its properties, thus extending its application in material science. Substitution of calcium ions in the surface layer of hydroxyapatite by metal cations is used in the development of new catalysts, sorbents, sensors and materials for other applications. The doping of the surface of the hydroxyapatite with divalent ions may occur as a result of adsorption of metal cations on the surface groups and calcium exchange in the crystal structure of the hydroxyapatite. The paper presents the mechanisms of adsorption of selected bivalent ions Ba2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Fe2+, Sr2+, Zn2+ on hydroxyapatite. The influence of cation adsorption on unit cell parameters, crystallite size and particle size distribution is discussed.

13

Kompozyty polilaktydowe z wypełniaczem bioceramicznym

Szabłowska Agnieszka

Szkło i Ceramika

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2021

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R. 72, nr 1

19--21

PL

Materiały na bazie polilaktydu są perspektywicznymi surowcami do wytwarzania substytutów kości. Stale poszukuje się nowych rozwiązań poprawiających ich właściwości mechaniczne. Obiecującym kierunkiem jest wprowadzenie bioaktywnej ceramiki, która nie tylko wpłynie na poprawę właściwości, lecz również na biokompatybilność materiału.

XX

The polylactide-based materials are prospective raw materials for the production of bone substitutes. New solutions to improve their mechanical properties are constantly being sought. A promising direction is the implementation bioactive ceramics, which will not only improve properties, but also could improve the biocompatibility of the material.

14

Characteristic of polypropylene nanocomposite material reinforcement with hydroxyapatite for bone replacement

Obaid M. N., Sabr O. H., Hussein A. A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 104, nr 1

21--30

EN

Purpose: Human bone suffered some degeneration due to age and accidents; therefore, there are many interests in the prepared synthetic bone with properties nearer to natural bone. The present study prepared a nanocomposite of polypropylene reinforced with different weight fraction of Nano hydroxyapatite (HAp) to be used as a bone replacement with good biological properties that enhanced the growth of osteoplastic cells and enhance the prevention of clots and coagulates creation. Design/methodology/approach: Nanocomposite from polypropylene reinforced with different weight fraction of Hydroxyapatite (HAp) (1,2 and 3) % prepared by first dispersion Nano hydroxyapatite insolvent and then mixing with a pellet of polypropylene by the twin-screw extrusion process, the current research study the surface properties ( atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle test) Moreover, it studied the characteristics of prepared nanocomposite materials (Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)). Findings: The AFM results show the surface roughness decreased with increasing content of HAp, which diminished the chance of creation clots and coagulates on it. The contact angle results referred to polypropylene behaviour transformed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic with addition HAp that permission to grow the osteoplastic cell on it, so the healing process is accelerated. Moreover, the FE-SEM images revealed uniform distribution and good bonding between polypropylene and Hydroxyapatite. The thermal properties were measured by the DSC test showed the melting temperature, and the enthalpy of melting (indicated to increase the crystalline structure per cent) are increased with increasing the percentage of Hydroxyapatite. Research limitations/implications: This research studied the characteristics of nanocomposite materials prepared by three steps (dispersion by ultrasonic device, manually mixed and melting and mixing by twin extruder) which can be used as a bone replacement. However, the main limitation was the uniform distribution of nano-hydroxyapatite within the matrix. In a further study, the cytotoxic test can be tested to study the effect of prepared nanocomposite on living cells’ growth. Practical implications: The interest object is how to connect among different properties to prepared bone replacement with good properties and biocompatibility that made able to stimulate the growth and healing process. Originality/value: The nano-hydroxyapatite is a biomaterial that has a composition similar to the natural mineral phase of the bone and does not have any negative effect, which enhanced the growth of osteoplastic cells and decreased the clots and coagulates creation; therefore, nano-hydroxyapatite is used to decrease the surface roughness which decreased the chance of coagulation creation and to enhance the hydrophilic properties.

15

In vitro investigation on calcium sulfate gypsum/hydroxyapatite composites

Florkiewicz Wioletta, Słota Dagmara, Makara Agnieszka, Tyliszczak Bożena

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2021

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Vol. 42, nr 4-5

21--26

EN

The paper is focused on the preparation and characterization of calcium sulfate gypsum-based materials modified with hydroxyapatite of natural origin. To search for new bioactive materials, calcium sulfate gypsum Stodent III Arti was mixed with hydroxyapatite obtained in the three-step preparation process including hydrolysis, pre-calcination, and calcination of bones. Such-obtained material was characterized by X-ray diffractometry and Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy. Additionally, the microstructure and chemical composition of the prepared composite materials were investigated with a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer detector. Moreover, the influence of the hydroxyapatite content in the materials on their in vitro degradation in storage solutions including artificial saliva, Ringer’s solution, and simulated body fluid was examined. A comparison of the degradation of gypsum composites demonstrated that in vitro stability is dependent on hydroxyapatite content. The samples' weight changes indicate hydroxyapatite addition results in increased degradation of prepared composite materials. Moreover, the imaging of the samples confirmed the formation of finely-crystalline apatite precipitate on the surface of the materials during immersion in incubation fluids.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę materiałów na bazie gipsu modyfikowanych hydroksyapatytem pochodzenia naturalnego. Hydroksyapatyt uzyskano w trzyetapowym procesie obejmującym hydrolizę, prekalcynację i kalcynację kości. Otrzymane materiały scharakteryzowano metodą dyfraktometrii rentgenowskiej i spektroskopii w podczerwieni z transformatą Fouriera. Dodatkowo zbadano mikrostrukturę i skład chemiczny wytworzonych materiałów kompozytowych za pomocą skaningowego mikroskopu elektronowego wyposażonego w rentgenowski spektrometr z dyspersją energii. Ponadto zbadano wpływ zawartości hydroksyapatytu w materiałach na ich degradację in vitro w płynach symulujących środowisko organizmu, takich jak sztuczna ślina, roztwór Ringera i symulowany płyn ustrojowy SBF. Porównanie degradacji kompozytów wykazało, że stabilność in vitro jest zależna od zawartości hydroksyapatytu. Analiza zmiany masy próbek w czasie inkubacji wskazała, że dodatek hydroksyapatytu powoduje zwiększoną degradację przygotowanych materiałów kompozytowych. Ponadto obrazowanie próbek potwierdziło powstawanie drobnokrystalicznego apatytu na powierzchni materiałów podczas inkubacji w płynach symulujących środowisko organizmu.

16

Physical properties of PLGA biodegradable polymer coatings containing hydroxyapatite on Ti6Al7Nb substrate

Goldsztajn Karolina, Szewczenko Janusz, Jaworska Joanna, Jelonek Katarzyna, Basiaga Marcin

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2021

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Vol. 24, no. 163

31

17

Gold nanoparticles and silicon as effective modifiers of hybrid-type, chemically bonded biomaterials

Czechowska Joanna, Cichoń Ewelina, Belcarz Anna, Ślósarczyk Anna, Pańtak Piotr, Skibiński Szymon, Zima Aneta

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2021

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Vol. 24, no. 163

26

18

Curcumin loaded P3HB-MCNTs electrospun scaffolds – in vitro and in vivo study

Zarei Moein, El Fray Miroslawa

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2021

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Vol. 24, no. 163

20

19

Assessment of the properties of HAp micropowders after ion exchange process in silver nitrate solution

Głuszek Marta, Świrska Zuzanna, Kaczorowski Witold, Januszewicz Bartłomiej, Wrotniak Maciej

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2021

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Vol. 24, no. 161

15--20

EN

Bioceramic materials, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), are characterized by high biocompatibility in the presence of tissues and body fluids without causing toxic or allergic reactions. Hydroxyapatite, due to its similarity to structures found in bones, is used both in the form of powders, e.g. as additives to bone cements, and implants coatings. However, this material is not characterized by antimicrobial properties, therefore attempts are made to improve its properties by introducing additional elements into the hydroxyapatite structure. Thanks to HAp’s high ion-exchange ability, silver can be introduced into its structure. The calcium ions present in the HAp structure can be easily replaced by silver ions to create a material endowed with high biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. The presented study is based on the analysis of the morphology of the modified powders via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), their chemical composition via X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and chemical structure via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The powders obtained through the ion exchange were mixtures of silver phosphates Ag3PO4 and HAp. The highest silver content was found in the sample modified with a 1M concentration of AgNO3 in the aqueous solution. It was also determined that the annealing of the obtained powders under vacuum at 800°C resulted in the formation of metallic silver and a change in the structure of HAp to β-TCP.

20

Corrosion protection of 316L stainless steel by (PVDF/HA) composite coating using a spinning coating technique

Hussein Asra Ali, Dawood Nawal Mohammed, Al-Kawaz Ammar Emad

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 2

art. no. e136810

EN

Polymer coatings are increasingly used in varied fields and applications from simple coatings of barrier to intricated nanotechnology based composite. In the present study, polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)/Hydroxyapatite (HA )coatings were produced by spin coating technique over 316L SS. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) were used to observe the coated 316L SS substrates surface morphology. The corrosion protection efficiency of pure polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinylidene fluoride/HA nanocomposite coatings on 316L SS was inspected using potentiodynamic polarization along with the ions release techniques in Hank’s solution. A superior biocompatibility and an improved protection performance against corrosion were obtained for the 316L SS samples with nanocomposite coatings compared with the pure polyvinylidene fluoride coatings and pristine 316L SS counterparts. The 316L SS samples coated by PVDF/HA nanocomposite showed enhanced corrosion protection within Hank’s solution. The corrosion of 316L SS samples within Hank’s solution increased from 92.99% to 99.99% when using 3wt% HA due to increasing the PVDF inhibition efficiency. Good agreements in the electrochemical corrosion parameters were obtained from using ions release and potentiodynamic polarization tests.