Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Wykorzystanie bezzałogowych statków powietrznych w procesie kontroli obiektów budowlanych – studium przypadku

Nowobilski Tomasz, Persona Marian, Nowobilski Maciej, Hoła Bożena

Przegląd Budowlany

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2025

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R. 96, nr 1

98--101

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przykład wykorzystania bezzałogowego statku powietrznego (drona) w procesie oceny stanu technicznego na przykładzie wybranych obiektów budowlanych kopalni węgla kamiennego „Julia” w Wałbrzychu. W ramach przeprowadzonych badań wykonano analizę korzyści i ograniczeń wynikających z zastosowania dronów w procesie kontroli obiektów budowlanych oraz przedstawiono ich możliwości. Otrzymane wyniki mogą być wykorzystane w praktyce inżynierskiej.

EN

The article presents an example of using an unmanned aerial vehicle to assess the technical condition, on the example of selected buildings of the „Julia” coal mine in Wałbrzych. An analysis of the benefits and limitations of using drones in inspecting construction objects was carried out and their general capabilities were presented. The results obtained can be used in engineering practice.

2

Wykorzystanie bezzałogowych statków powietrznych w inwentaryzacji prac budowlanych na przykładzie inwestycji drogowej

Wróblewska Magdalena, Sorociak Wojciech, Olma Anna

Materiały Budowlane

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2025

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nr 5

138--140

3

Zastosowanie bezzałogowych statków powietrznych w atakach cybernetycznych

Modrzejewski Zbigniew, Baranowski Daniel

Kwartalnik Bellona

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2025

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Nr 2

113--135

PL

W artykule podjęto próbę określenia możliwości praktycznego wykorzystania bezzałogowych statków powietrznych do działań w cyberprzestrzeni. Przedstawiono kluczowe pojęcia związane z przedmiotową problematyką oraz scharakteryzowano sposoby użycia platform bezzałogowych w atakach cybernetycznych.

EN

The article attempts to determine the possibilities of practical use of unmanned aerial vehicles for operations in cyberspace. It presents key concepts related to the issues discussed in the article and characterizes the ways in which unmanned platforms can be used in cyberattacks.

4

Badania wybranych elementów bsp klasy mini w ocenie zdatności do eksploatacji w siłach zbrojnych

Tokarski Tomasz, Szczepaniak Paweł, Gajewski Tomasz

Journal of KONBiN

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2025

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Vol. 55, iss.2

171--187

PL

W artykule nakreślono tematykę badań BSP w procesie wdrożeniowym dla służb mundurowych. Uzasadniono m.in., iż proces ten powinien być poprzedzony kompleksową analizą w aspekcie bezpieczeństwa lotnictwa, ponieważ wykorzystanie dronów niesie za sobą nieocenione korzyści, ale również i zagrożenia. Przedstawiono przykłady zagrożeń wynikających z użytkowania BSP w przestrzeni powietrznej oraz ich możliwe przyczyny. Ze względu na wysokie wymagania użytkownika dotyczące niezawodności, konstrukcje BSP wykorzystywane w Siłach Zbrojnych powinny być uprzednio sprawdzane, badane i testowane na zgodność z obowiązującymi normami. Do osiągnięcia pożądanego poziomu niezawodności używa się certyfikacji, której elementem są badania typu. W artykule przedstawiono przykładowe propozycje badań i prób wybranych elementów BSP klasy mini, które mają na celu potwierdzenie przystosowania i gotowości operacyjnej tej kategorii statków powietrznych do zastosowań w działaniach Sił Zbrojnych.

EN

The article outlines the subject of UAV research in the implementation process for uniformed services. It is justified, among other things, that this process should be preceded by a comprehensive analysis in terms of aviation safety because the use of drones carries invaluable benefits, but also threats. The study presents examples of threats resulting from their use in airspace and possible causes of their occurrence. UAVs declared by the manufacturer as intended for the Armed Forces must demonstrate a high level of capability enabling the fulfillment of the required function and tasks, often in difficult environmental conditions. Therefore, UAV structures used in the Armed Forces should be previously checked, examined and tested for compliance with applicable standards. To achieve the desired level of reliability, certification is used, an element of which is type testing. The article presents sample proposals for tests and trials of selected elements of the mini-class UAVs, which aim to confirm the adaptation and operational readiness of this category of aircraft for use in operations in the area of the Armed Forces.

5

Multifunctional control system to enhance the operational capability of the unmanned multirotor platform dedicated to the diagnostics of building structures

Czyba Roman, Domin Jarosław, Górski Marcin

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2025

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Vol. 73, nr 3

art. no. e153434

EN

Drones have become common devices that are increasingly used, from toy mini drones to very advanced autonomous flying platforms used in various industries. The safety of using engineering structures and the need to shorten the time of carrying out diagnostic activities, and thus reduce costs, force the use of innovative tools to carry out an automated and unmanned process of assessing the technical condition of existing engineering structures, especially large-size ones, including bridges strengthened with external FRP (fibre reinforced polymer) composite overlays. There are conventional methods for assessing the technical condition of existing building structures conducted by inspectors and experts, involving the use of typical inspection and diagnostic tools. During the research, it was found that it is possible to conduct an automated and unmanned process of assessing the technical condition of engineering structures using an unmanned flying platform equipped with a thermal imaging diagnostic device. The uniqueness of the presented solution is that the drone is equipped with a docking module that allows the drone to be temporarily attached to the structure being diagnosed for the duration of diagnostic activities. To ensure appropriate conditions for structural diagnostics, a unique system of automated diagnostic processes and a multi-stage structure of the control system in all phases of operation were developed. The article presents a solution for the control system based on control consistent with the reference model. In particular, the focus was on the difficult and dangerous issue of altitude control during the docking phase. Simulation tests conducted in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, as well as laboratory and field tests on a real drone proved the correctness of the proposed solutions, which facilitated the undisturbed operation of the diagnostic module.

6

Integrating path planning and task scheduling in autonomous drone operations

Kamil Ahmed, Mahmood Basim

Applied Computer Science

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2025

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Vol. 21, no. 2

1--17

EN

The efficiency and adaptability of drone operations depend heavily on two critical components: path planning and task scheduling. While the literature provides extensive research on these algorithms independently, there is a severe lack of studies addressing their combined impact on drone performance. Hence, this study aims to bridge this gap by developing a comprehensive framework that integrates three path planning algorithms (Spiral, Boustrophedon, and Hybrid) with four task scheduling algorithms (First-Come First-Served (FCFS), Shortest Processing First (SPF), Earliest Deadline First (EDF), and Priority). The hybrid path planning algorithm is proposed for this work. The framework evaluates each combination's performance based on key metrics, including elapsed time and energy consumption. A virtual simulation environment is designed and implemented for the sake of this study. The results show that combining the SPF scheduling algorithm with Hybrid path planning offers the best balance between time efficiency and energy consumption. The Boustrophedon path planning method shows the highest elapsed times and is generally less efficient than Hybrid and Spiral.

7

Aerial medical platform for soldiers and civils evacuation – Concept, implementation plan and assessment of adaptation possibility of existing technologies

Puchała Krzysztof, Moneta Grzegorz, Lichoń Daniel, Grzejda Rafał, Bednarz Arkadiusz, Mielniczek Witold, Łopatka Marian, Szymczyk Elżbieta, Ignatovych Sergii, Mykhailyshyn Roman

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2025

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Vol. 19, no. 2

28--50

EN

The presented paper proposes a some concept of an evacuation drone that could pick up the wounded from the battlefield and transport them to their final destination for adequate medical care. The existing state of the art of drones and their equipment is described, as well as the possibility of using current technology to build a new drone. This paper presents a vision of the ‘future/ideal drone’ and the ‘technically/reasonably achievable drone today’, and consequently the levels of its development. The main rationale for choosing a drone configuration, including the basic characteristic sizes, is discussed. In view of the purpose of the drone, i.e. need to perform basic medical activities, current robots used in remote surgery were analysed. Due to the fact that the final version of the drone is to take up the wounded without the participation of a third party, design aspects related to this are presented and examples of solutions are proposed.

8

Multidirectional use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the area of safety

Kuta Łukasz, Dancewicz Kalina, Bryl Anna, Solarewicz Kaja, Jerzyński Sebastian, Walaszczyk Mariola, Tomaszewska Alicja, Filipecka Natalia

Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej

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2024

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Nr 92 (tom 1)

219--237

EN

The paper presents a wide range of possibilities for the use of drones in terms of human safety, the environment and technical facilities. In accordance with the concept of the paper, these areas are divided into four main sources of hazards and in each of these cases the possibilities of using an unmanned aircraft are presented. Hazards caused by flooding, the environment, a fire and those occurring on construction sites are subject to analysis. The main aim of the paper was to mark areas of hazard using a grid superimposed on a map of an area by a specialised drone camera. Based on this information, it is possible to define a risk map of hazards to people and property. In the case of flooding, the depth of the river spillway was determined according to the width of the river channel, in this case affecting the safety of residents of a town. For the environmental aspect, the surface area of a water table and its depth in the area of fields, meadows and pastures were determined. This is also important from the agricultural point of view, including determining the extent of crop damage. In the case of a fire, the use of a drone enabled the assessment of the damaged surface of a building as a result of high temperatures, including the construction of a situation plan related to the assessment of the building’s structure in the context of its continued use. The final area is the safety of a construction site. Here, in turn, an important objective was to map the occupational risks for those working there and, in particular, to identify the sources of dangerous, harmful and nuisance factors. All of the diagrams presented confirmed the widespread use of UAVs in the diagnosis of occupational safety levels. With this technology, it is easier to diagnose sources of hazards and develop preventive measures.

9

Concept and preliminary calculations of an optionally piloted research platform

Zenowicz Paulina, Zenowicz Kamil, Skarka Wojciech

Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

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2024

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Vol. 27

5--18

EN

Along with the technological progress, unmanned aerial vehicles have found application not only in a military, but also in civil applications. The article presents Concept and preliminary calculations of an optionally piloted research platform. A literature review revealed a small number of existing aircraft of similar design. The analysis began with basic analytical calculations for airplanes, and more specifically their wings. The initial concept of the external shape of the designed aircraft was determined, and then the initial optimization of the structure was carried out on the basis of mathematical and computer analysis. Another goal of the research will be the construction of a demonstrator and its analysis.

10

Bezpieczeństwo portów lotniczych na przykładzie Portu Lotniczego Rzeszów-Jasionka EPRZ – wybrane aspekty

Florek-Klęsk Dagmara

Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Morskiego

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2024

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R. XVIII

77--93

PL

Port lotniczy Rzeszów-Jasionka jest specyficznym portem, jedynym w swoim rodzaju w Polsce. Wynika to z faktu, że na jego terenie znajdują się dwa lotniska. Lotnisko międzynarodowe Rzeszów-Jasionka (EPRZ) i lotnisko szkoleniowe Ośrodek Kształcenia Lotniczego Politechniki Rzeszowskiej1 (EPRJ). To drugie lotnisko znajduje się poza strefą kontroli powietrznej CTR lotniska międzynarodowego. Ze względu na specyfikę lotniska szkoleniowego, niniejszy artykuł został poświęcony wybranym zagadnieniom bezpieczeństwa portu lotniczego Rzeszów-Jasionka EPRZ. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie zagrożeń portu lotniczego Rzeszów-Jasionka, jego zabezpieczeń w kontekście zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa, z uwzględnieniem słabych punktów mogących w efekcie doprowadzić do zagrożeń życia czy zdrowia jego pracowników, pasażerów lub osób postronnych. Artykuł omawia również kwestie związane z współczesnymi zagrożeniami dla portów lotniczych, którymi są bezzałogowe statki powietrzne.

EN

Civil aviation is exposed to many serious threats in today's turbulent world. The current situation shows that terrorist attacks are no longer rare incidents, but almost an everyday occurrence. Aircraft and aviation infrastructure are extremely attractive targets for illegal activities, including terrorist activities. Taking into account the specific area of the airport, it should be provided with special protection measures. The occurrence of a potential threat should be reduced to a minimum, which can be considered almost achieved with the currently used systems, but there are several issues that the author considers necessary to ensure comprehensive protection of civil aviation and maintain the high level of trust it enjoys.

11

Wyznaczenie bezpiecznej strefy operowania dronem w trakcie monitorowania turbiny wiatrowej

Minda Jędrzej, Kołodziejczyk Krzysztof

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2024

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T. 103, nr 11

1271--1276

PL

Jednym z istotnych elementów eksploatacji farmy wiatrowej jest monitorowanie stanu technicznego turbin. Obecnie istnieje wiele metod pozwalających na prowadzenie ciągłego monitoringu umożliwiającego ocenę stanu technicznego turbiny, jednakże najczęściej bez pełnej informacji o powstałych uszkodzeniach. Przedstawiono prace dotyczące wyznaczenia bezpiecznej strefy operowania BSP w bezpośrednim otoczeniu turbiny wiatrowej w trakcie jej pracy. Wyznaczenie takiej strefy stanowi element przygotowania systemu monitorowania bezpośredniego stanu technicznego łopat turbiny wiatrowej w trakcie jej pracy z wykorzystaniem drona.

EN

Numerical simulations of air flow around the rotating rotor of a working wind turbine were carried out, as well as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flights with recording of flight parameters for a real object. A safe operating zone for the UAV in the immediate vicinity of the wind turbine during its operation was detd. Defining such a zone was part of the prepn. of a system for monitoring the direct technical condition of wind turbine blades during operation using a drone.

12

Rekurencyjny algorytm detekcji sygnału

Bossy Bartosz, Fotyga Grzegorz, Nowak Aleksander, Żukowski Paweł

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2024

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nr 4

368--372

PL

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono nowy rekurencyjny algorytm detekcji sygnału, bazując na analizie częstotliwościowo czasowej. Algorytm przetestowano dla szerokiej gamy rzeczywistych sygnałów zarejestrowanych z wykorzystaniem stanowiska pomiarowego. Wyniki pokazują, że zaproponowany algorytm bardzo dobrze wykrywa sygnał użyteczny, a w dodatku jest skalowany. Ponadto w obecnej postaci detekcja zajmuje dwukrotność czasu trwania sygnału, a możliwe jest zmniejszenie jej czasu poprzez m.in. zrównoleglenie obliczeń.

EN

This article presents the proposed recursive signal detection algorithm based on time-frequency analysis. The algorithm has been tested for a wide range of real signals recorded using a measurement station. The results show that the proposed algorithm detects the useful signal very well and is also scalable. Moreover, in its current form, detection takes twice the signal duration and it is possible to reduce its time by, among others, parallelization of calculations.

13

Drony w budowlanych przedsięwzięciach inwestycyjnych. Część I. Wprowadzenie i aspekty prawne

Klepacz Krzysztof, Książek-Nowak Mariola, Nicał Aleksander, Nowak Paweł, Rosłon Jerzy

Przegląd Budowlany

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2024

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R. 95, nr 7

184--188

PL

Przedmiotem pierwszego z dwóch artykułów jest zaprezentowanie możliwości wykorzystania dronów do nadzorowania postępu prac budowlanych przy realizacji przedsięwzięć inwestycyjnych. Obecnie bezzałogowe statki powietrzne (UAV) odgrywają coraz większą rolę w obszarze zarządzania projektami. W opinii autorów artykułu, przy opracowywaniu dokumentacji (w postaci modeli 3D czy ortofotomap) w czasie rzeczywistym z placu budowy, technologia skaningu laserowego dronów może znacząco zmienić obszar zarządzania całym procesem budowlanym, począwszy od kwestii zarządzania kosztami, kontroli potencjalnych ryzyk inwestycyjnych, po zwiększanie bezpieczeństwa na budowie, odpowiedzialne zarządzenie materiałami budowlanymi, urządzeniami i narzędziami na placu budowy, zrównoważone gospodarowanie odpadami w budownictwie oraz pozyskiwanie informacji, umożliwiających podejmowanie optymalnych decyzji.

EN

The paper presents the possibilities of using unmanned aerial systems to supervise the progress of construction works during the implementation of investment projects. Currently, drones are playing an increasingly important role in project management. In the opinion of the authors of the article, when developing documentation (in the form of 3D models or orthophoto maps) in real time from the construction site, drone laser scanning technology can significantly change the management of the entire construction process, from cost management, controlling potential investment risks, to increasing safety. On construction sites, responsible management of construction materials, devices and tools on the construction site, sustainable waste management in construction and obtaining information enabling optimal decision-making.

14

Drony nad kopalniami. Nowa era pomiarów

Kaczorowski Kamil

Kruszywa : produkcja - transport - zastosowanie

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2024

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Nr 1

32--35

PL

W artykule omówiono innowacyjne podejście do pomiarów w kopalniach odkrywkowych i zakładach przeróbczych, w których wykorzystuje się technologię fotogrametryczną z użyciem dronów. Ta zaawansowana technologia zmienia sposób pracy w branży górniczej, przynosząc liczne korzyści, takie jak eliminacja błędów pomiarowych, skrócenie czasu przeprowadzania pomiarów oraz pełna kontrola nad stanem zakładu.

15

Integrating Photogrammetry and Magnetometry for Archaeological Research at Argamum, Dobruja

Anghel Sorin, Dragos Andrei Gabriel, Iordache Gabriel, Baraitareanu Bogdan

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 2, no. 2

art. no. 81

EN

This paper presents the results of an integrated photogrammetric and magnetometric survey conducted at the Argamum archaeological site, located in Dobrogea, Romania. Argamum, a significant roman ancient settlement, provides a rich tapestry of historical and cultural data. The primary objective of this study was to create a detailed digital terrain model (DTM) of two specific perimeters within the site, using advanced photogrammetric techniques, and to complement this with magnetometric data to uncover subsurface features. The photogrammetric survey involved capturing high-resolution aerial imagery using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs-PHANTOM IV PRO). The images were processed using specialized software to generate a high-precision 3D model of the terrain. This model provided a detailed and accurate representation of the surface topography, which is crucial for understanding the spatial relationships and structural layout of the archaeological features. In parallel, a magnetometric survey was conducted to detect and map subsurface archaeological remains. This non-invasive method measures variations in the Earth's magnetic field caused by buried structures and artifacts. The magnetometric data revealed several anomalies, indicative of potential archaeological features such as walls, foundations, and other buried structures. The integration of photogrammetric and magnetometric data offered a comprehensive view of the Argamum site, combining surface and subsurface information. This multi-method approach enabled a more detailed analysis of the site's layout and provided insights into the distribution and orientation of archaeological remains. The results of the survey highlighted the effectiveness of using photogrammetry and magnetometry in tandem. The highresolution DTM facilitated precise mapping and documentation of visible features, while the magnetometric survey added depth by identifying hidden structures. This combined methodology enhances the overall understanding of the site and aids in the planning of future archaeological excavations. Moreover, the study demonstrated the potential of these technologies to significantly reduce the time and cost associated with traditional excavation methods. By providing a non-invasive means of site investigation, photogrammetry and magnetometry allow for the preservation of the site's integrity while still yielding valuable data. In conclusion, the photogrammetric and magnetometric survey at Argamum has provided a detailed and multifaceted understanding of the site. This research underscores the importance of integrating modern geospatial technologies in archaeological investigations. The findings contribute to the broader field of archaeological research by showcasing the benefits of combining different survey techniques to achieve a comprehensive analysis of historical sites.

PL

Celem pracy jest publikacja dziedzictwa kamienia suchego regionu Barrocal, Algarve, w południowej Portugalii. W trakcie badań odkryto, że te budynki w większości są w ruinie. Ich rehabilitacja i upowszechnienie byłyby możliwe z uwagi na dużą wartość kulturową i poczucie przynależności mieszkańców tego regionu. Metodologia badań opierała się na czterech fazach: 1) kontekstualizacja badań przeprowadzonych w Portugalii; 2) identyfikacja i klasyfikacja konstrukcji z kamienia suchego; 3) rejestracja i analiza tych konstrukcji; 4) propozycje konserwacji i promocji. Badanie to jest oryginalne, gdyż nie zostało dotychczas przeprowadzone z tego punktu widzenia, a konieczność lub nowa definicja funkcji tego dziedzictwa może stanowić wartość dodaną dla działalności turystycznej.

16

Wyzwania i możliwości zastosowania dronów w logistyce miejskiej

Orłowska Małgorzata, Orłowski Dawid

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2024

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nr 3

69--79

PL

Zastosowanie dronów w logistyce miejskiej stanowi obecnie obszar intensywnych badań naukowych i rozwoju technologicznego. W artykule skupiono się na analizie możliwości wykorzystania bezzałogowych statków latających w logistyce miejskiej. Artykuł składa się z trzech części. W pierwszej autorzy przedstawili wyniki kwerendy publikacji, raportów oraz danych statystycznych obrazujących stan wiedzy na temat rozwoju i wykorzystania bezzałogowych statków latających w Polsce i na świecie. Prezentowane są przy tym realne przykłady ich wykorzystania. W drugiej części z pomocą analizy i syntezy skupili się na wyzwaniach i możliwościach wynikających z implementacji dronów w aglomeracjach miejskich ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem logistyki, a w tym logistyki ostatniej mili. Jako korzyści autorzy zakwalifikowali skrócenie czasu dostawy, zmniejszenie jej kosztów oraz zminimalizowanie zanieczyszczeń środowiska w zatłoczonych miastach. Do wyzwań zaliczyli kwestie związane z szeroko pojętym bezpieczeństwem miast i ich mieszkańców. W trzeciej części artykułu, wykorzystując takie metody jak abstrahowanie i wnioskowanie, omówiono perspektywę rozwoju miast z wykorzystaniem dronów. Zdaniem autorów miasta przyszłości będą wypełnione bezzałogowymi statkami latającymi, zsynchronizowanymi z technologią 5G, sztuczną inteligencją, Internetem Rzeczy i uczeniem maszynowym. Celem artykułu było zaprezentowanie holistycznej perspektywy wykorzystania dronów w logistyce miejskiej oraz wskazanie kierunków dalszych badań mających na celu optymalne wykorzystanie tej technologii w logistyce miejskiej.

EN

The use of drones in urban logistics is currently an area of intensive scientific research and technological development. The article focuses on the analysis of the possibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles in urban logistics. The article consists of three parts. In the first one, the authors presented the results of a query of publications, reports and statistical data illustrating the state of knowledge on the development and use of unmanned aerial vehicles in Poland and in the world. Real examples of their use are presented. In the second part, with the help of analysis and synthesis, they focused on the challenges and opportunities resulting from the implementation of drones in urban agglomerations, with particular emphasis on logistics, including last mile logistics. The authors identified the benefits of shortening delivery times, reducing delivery costs, and minimizing environmental pollution in congested cities. They included issues related to the broadly understood security of cities and their inhabitants among the challenges. In the third part of the article, using methods such as abstraction and inference, the perspective of urban development using drones is discussed. According to the authors, the cities of the future will be filled with unmanned aerial vehicles, synchronized with 5G technology, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and machine learning. The aim of the article was to present a holistic perspective on the use of drones in urban logistics and to indicate the directions of further research aimed at the optimal use of this technology in urban logistics.

17

Optimizing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for food delivery through vehicle routing problem: a comparative analysis of three delivery systems

Edirimanne Rumesh, Fernando W. Madushan Fernando, Nielsen Peter, Perera H. Niles, Thibbotuwawa Amila

Applied Computer Science

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2024

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Vol. 20, no. 1

85--105

EN

In recent times, there has been a notable increase in interest surrounding the integration of Un-manned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology and vehicle routing problems (VRP) for package delivery purposes. While existing studies have explored various types of package deliveries utilizing VRP, limited attention has been given to on-demand food delivery. This study aims to develop a VRP model that incorporates practical constraints such as payload capacity and maximum flying range, with the primary objective of minimizing travel distance in food delivery operations. A comparative analysis is conducted among three delivery methods, including UAV delivery, to determine the most effective approach and assess the feasibility of each method. Through a case study analysis focused on a pizza delivery service in Sri Lanka, it was observed that implementing VRP in a motorbike delivery system resulted in reduced travel distance, time, cost, and CO2 emissions compared to the existing delivery system. Furthermore, the utilization of UAVs in conjunction with VRP yielded even greater improvements across all parameters. Based on a comprehensive cost analysis considering long-term operations, the UAV-based delivery system was identified as the most cost-effective method, followed by the VRP-incorporated motorbike delivery method. Although the VRP-incorporated motorbike delivery system exhibited a slightly higher average time per route compared to the existing method, the total travel time required to complete all routes remained lower. Consequently, the study concludes that the VRP-incorporated motorbike delivery system outperforms the existing delivery method for food delivery, with the use of UAVs incorporating VRP identified as the optimal delivery method among the three alternatives. The findings contribute valuable insights to the optimization of food delivery logistics, emphasizing the potential of VRP and exploring the feasibility of UAVs for sustainable and efficient long-term delivery solutions.

18

The Problem of Recycling of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Kordos Adrian, Kmiotek Małgorzata, Żyłka Wojciech, Muszyński Tomasz

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 7

277--288

EN

Recently an extensive growth in the market for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs, drones) has been observed. Because of numerous advantages, their application in various areas is wide, starting with military, through civilian – specialized up to amateur. The world market for civilian commercial drones in the year 2022 has achieved a value of more than USD 30 billion, and it is estimated that by 2032 it will have achieved USD 125 billion. Great expectations of reduction of world CO2 emissions and development of clean economy are linked with drones application in transportation and agriculture. Unfortunately, despite of the UAV-related advantages mentioned above, the problem of their comprehensive recycling seems to remain unseen. Actions aimed at recycling lithium-ion batteries used in drones have been taken, whereas the challenge of recycling the construction materials applied in UAVs seems to be ignored, which, taking into consideration the estimated growth of the UAV market and a relatively short product lifecycle, may constitute a significant ecological problem in the near future. The aim of this article is to draw attention of scientific community to the crucial but unnoticed problem, which UAV recycling will become in the near future. The authors tried to assess the extent of drones recycling problem by review of UAVs market, emphasizing the most common construction materials applied in their production, and to outline the issues related to their recycling. Proposals of solutions facilitating introduction of circular economy into UAVs market have also been put forward.

19

Artificial Intelligence You Only Look Once – Based Unmanned Aerial System for Remote Sensing in Security Surveillance

Gutt Jakub, Kaczor Michał, Paleta Grzegorz, Polec Krzysztof, Stiborski Kacper, Strzępek Filip, Czyba Roman, Czekalski Piotr, Domin Jarosław, Gebeyehu Nebiyat

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 7

364--378

EN

Unmanned aerial vehicles are a synergistic technology that complements other new technologies and is in constant development. The paper focuses on using artificial intelligence (AI) in security surveillance. This article aims to develop an unmanned aerial system to monitor border areas and detect human silhouettes in challenging environmental conditions. For this purpose, thermal imaging technology was used for remote sensing in combination with artificial intelligence, particularly Yolo algorithms. After testing various Yolo versions, the target algorithm was implemented on an NVIDIA Jetson Xavier edge device. Prototyping of the AI-based thermal detection system was carried out on the DJI S900 multi-rotor aircraft. The final solution was implemented on a vertical take-off and landing aircraft. A summary containing observations and conclusions, as well as perspectives for the development of future work, are included at the end of the paper.

20

Optimal docking problem of UAV at detected moving object

Nabadova Lamiya

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 120

205--214

EN

In the article, the problem of detecting a suspicious object in the control by unmanned air vehicle (UAV) and tracking it by reaching and changing its direction in the shortest period of time is explored. To solve this optimal control problem, it is considered that the flight of UAV is described with simple motion equations. In the beginning, known quantities are current coordinates and speed of UAV, equation of motion of detected suspicious object.