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Development of a textronic heating system using machine em-broidery technique for people with Raynaud's disease

Skrzetuska Ewa, Kaniewska M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2023

Vol. 121, nr 1

151--164

The work involved the development of a textronic heating system based on machine embroidery, which can be used in gloves and socks, ensuring thermal comfort for patients with Raynaud's syndrome. The disease is a vasomotor disorder. It is characterised by fading, bruising and then blackening of the fingers and toes due to cold or stress. The main method of treating Raynaud's symptoms is non-pharmacological treatment, which involves avoiding factors that change blood parameters and vascular contractility. Therefore, the work aimed to create a light and flexible heating system to improve thermal comfort and test its operational properties. Design/methodology/approach Cotton knitted fabrics with various percentages of elastane were analysed. Patterns were embroidered on the materials with two types of electrically conductive yarns: X-STATIC® and STATEX Shieldex®, which were then assessed for changes in surface resistance. Mechanical tests were carried out by applicable standards: friction, tensile, washing, and chemical resistance tests to acid and alkaline sweat. The knitted fabric and yarn with the best results were used to create a prototype of a glove and sock with a heating system controlled by an Arduino UNO board. Findings Embroidering patterns on fabrics resulted in a slight increase in their surface weight and thickness, which increased by an average of 1.4 mm for all knitted fabrics. Taking into account the type of yarn used, similar changes in the surface weight of the materials were recorded for X-STATIC® and Shieldex®, while a greater increase in thickness was observed for the X-STATIC® yarn. To select the best material for making prototypes with a heating function, the highest values of air permeability of knitted fabrics were taken into account so that the material was airy and did not lead to sweating, as well as the highest values of thermal resistance, proving the high level of thermal insulation of the material. The analysis of embroidery resistance tests allowed the selection of yarn to act as a heating system. Research limitations/implications Practical use of the heating system could be possible after improving the prototypes. The modification could include miniaturisation of electronic components using an Arduino Nano board, a smaller contact board and a smaller potentiometer. Additionally, when sewing prototypes, you should take care of a pocket in which the electrical elements connected to the embroidery would be hidden in the inner part of the material. Practical implications The prototypes made can meet the requirements of a product with a heating system protecting against cold. Using a potentiometer that is part of the electronic system, the user can control the flow of heat-generating current. The transistor allows you to limit the current flowing directly from the battery, preventing the generation of too high a temperature that could burn the user's skin. Originality/value The novelty of the presented work is research related to assessing the influence of the type of electroconductive yarn on the heating capacity of embroidery, the selection of material with the best heat retention parameters and the analysis of embroidery conductivity after mechanical and chemical processes. The use of a heating system inside clothing allows for increasing its thermal insulation, which can significantly improve the user's thermal comfort and increase safety.

Zastosowanie termografii w diagnostyce chorych z podejrzeniem choroby Reynaud

Pietrzak P., Piotrowicz M., Woźniakowski B., Grecki M.

Mikroelektronika i Informatyka : prace naukowe

2004

Z. nr 4

137-142

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki dotychczasowych badań związanych z określeniem możliwości stosowania pomiarów termograficznych w diagnostyce osób, u których stwierdzono wystwowanie objawów choroby Reynaud. Punkt wyjścia do dalszych rozważań stanowi krótkie omówienie przedmiotu badań zjawiska oraz choroby Reynaud. Dalsza część, to opis stosowanej procedury dynamicznego badania termograficznego oraz metod obróbki i analizy uzyskanych obrazów termicznych.